{"id":223,"date":"2014-02-20T09:48:38","date_gmt":"2014-02-20T09:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/?p=223"},"modified":"2014-02-20T09:55:30","modified_gmt":"2014-02-20T09:55:30","slug":"article-in-icelandic-about-science-funding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/2014\/02\/20\/article-in-icelandic-about-science-funding\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6flugir samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ir eru nau\u00f0synlegir fyrir n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00e9tur H. Petersen taugal\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ingur og Arnar P\u00e1lsson erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, d\u00f3sentar vi\u00f0 H\u00cd<\/p>\n

Greinin birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu 18. desember 2013 og \u00e1 vefnum v\u00edsir.is - \u00d6flugir samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ir eru nau\u00f0synlegir fyrir n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun<\/a><\/p>\n

-----------------------<\/p>\n

F\u00e1tt er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9laginu mikilv\u00e6gara n\u00fa en a\u00f0 skapa hagn\u00fdta \u00feekkingu og skapa n\u00fd ver\u00f0m\u00e6ti. \u00deekkingin sem n\u00fd fyrirt\u00e6ki eru bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 er oftar en ekki afur\u00f0 v\u00edsindalegra framfara. Og \u00fe\u00e6r byggjast oftast \u00e1 fyrirb\u00e6ri sem landinn heyrir l\u00edti\u00f0 um, svok\u00f6llu\u00f0um opinberum samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ir styrkja b\u00e6\u00f0i grunnranns\u00f3knir og t\u00e6kni\u00fer\u00f3un me\u00f0 hagn\u00fdtingu og marka\u00f0ssetningu a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0i. Fyrirkomulagi\u00f0 er \u00feannig a\u00f0 v\u00edsindamenn og frumkv\u00f6\u00f0lar keppa um fj\u00e1rmagn me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 senda inn \u00edtarlegar \u00e1\u00e6tlanir, sem metnar eru af fagf\u00f3lki. Bestu hugmyndirnar, a\u00f0fer\u00f0irnar og verkefnin f\u00e1 styrki.<\/p>\n

Grunnranns\u00f3knir eru \u00e1kaflega mikilv\u00e6gar vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r skapa \u00feekkingu sem er undirsta\u00f0a hagn\u00fdtingar og annarra framfara. Miklu skiptir a\u00f0 hagn\u00fdtingin er sjaldnast auglj\u00f3s \u00ed upphafi. Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um, \u00fea\u00f0 er oftast \u00f3fyrirsj\u00e1anlegt hva\u00f0a grunnranns\u00f3knir reynast st\u00f6kkpallur fyrir hagn\u00fdtingu s\u00ed\u00f0ar meir. L\u00edti\u00f0 d\u00e6mi eru ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 frost\u00feoli \u00ed skord\u00fdrum, sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar n\u00fdttust til a\u00f0 geyma l\u00edff\u00e6ri fyrir \u00edgr\u00e6\u00f0slu. Ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur mikilv\u00e6g afur\u00f0 grunnranns\u00f3kna er \u00fej\u00e1lfun f\u00f3lks \u00ed a\u00f0 rannsaka og leysa vandam\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0i og ranns\u00f3knarh\u00e1sk\u00f3la gr\u00e6\u00f0ir \u00cdsland \u00e1 nokkra vegu:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. V\u00edsindamenn okkar geta uppg\u00f6tva\u00f0 n\u00fdjar sta\u00f0reyndir e\u00f0a l\u00f6gm\u00e1l, sem skipta okkur og umheiminn m\u00e1li. D\u00e6mi um \u00feekkingu af \u00feessu tagi m\u00e1 nefna n\u00fdlegar ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 eldgosum, krabbameinum og l\u00edfr\u00edki hafsins.<\/li>\n
  2. \u00datskrifa\u00f0ir nemendur me\u00f0 v\u00edsindalegan skilning og \u00fej\u00e1lfun geta tileinka\u00f0 s\u00e9r n\u00fdjustu framfarir \u00ed heimi v\u00edsinda og t\u00e6kni. Sl\u00edkt f\u00f3lk er forsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 getum hagn\u00fdtt erlenda \u00feekkingu, heimf\u00e6rt hana upp \u00e1 \u00edslenskar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur og jafnvel betrumb\u00e6tt.<\/li>\n
  3. Ranns\u00f3knarn\u00e1m \u00fej\u00e1lfar n\u00fdja kynsl\u00f3\u00f0 v\u00edsindamanna sem getur tekist \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00e1skoranir framt\u00ed\u00f0ar. \u00de\u00e6r \u00e1skoranir eru margar \u00f3fyrirsj\u00e1anlegar og \u00fev\u00ed nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1lfa f\u00f3lk \u00ed v\u00edsindalegum vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0um, sem er a\u00f0fer\u00f0 til a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 opnar spurningar.<\/li>\n
  4. \u00cd ranns\u00f3knarh\u00e1sk\u00f3lum kenna h\u00e6fustu einstaklingar landsins \u00e1 hverju fr\u00e6\u00f0asvi\u00f0i, sem hafa jafnan l\u00e6rt vi\u00f0 bestu h\u00e1sk\u00f3la erlendis. \u00cdslenskir nemendur kynnast b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00f3leystum vandam\u00e1lum og n\u00fdjustu a\u00f0fer\u00f0um, sem eru kveikjan a\u00f0 n\u00fdjum lausnum og m\u00f6gulega fyrirt\u00e6kjum.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00cd fj\u00e1rlagafrumvarpi sem n\u00fa liggur fyrir Al\u00feingi er fyrirhuga\u00f0ur margs konar ni\u00f0urskur\u00f0ur \u00ed ranns\u00f3knum og n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0um um tugi pr\u00f3senta milli \u00e1ra.<\/p>\n

    \u00c1framhaldandi ni\u00f0urskur\u00f0ur er \u00e1\u00e6tla\u00f0ur n\u00e6stu \u00e1rin. Jafnvel alvarlegra er \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar verji tilt\u00f6lulega h\u00e1u hlutfalli landsframlei\u00f0slu \u00ed ranns\u00f3knir (2,6%), \u00fe\u00e1 setjum vi\u00f0 einungis 14% \u00feess \u00ed samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0i. Til samanbur\u00f0ar fara 30 \u2013 40% ranns\u00f3knarpeninga norr\u00e6nna skattborgara \u00ed samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0i. Til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta gr\u00e1u ofan \u00e1 svart hefur hlutfallslegt framlag okkar til ranns\u00f3kna l\u00e6kka\u00f0 um 8% fr\u00e1 2009 \u00f6fugt t.d. vi\u00f0 Finna sem juku fj\u00e1rmagn til ranns\u00f3kna og n\u00fdsk\u00f6punar \u00ed kreppunni fyrir aldam\u00f3t. Finnar vissu a\u00f0 samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ir eru besta lei\u00f0in til a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rfesta \u00ed ranns\u00f3knum og n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun, l\u00edka \u00e1 erfi\u00f0um t\u00edmum.<\/p>\n

    \u00cdslensk v\u00edsindi og n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun geta b\u00e6tt efnahag og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lag landsins ef vi\u00f0 berum g\u00e6fu til a\u00f0 verja (og st\u00e6kka sem fyrst) samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ina og sty\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarh\u00e1sk\u00f3lana.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    P\u00e9tur H. Petersen taugal\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ingur og Arnar P\u00e1lsson erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, d\u00f3sentar vi\u00f0 H\u00cd Greinin birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu 18. desember 2013 og \u00e1 vefnum v\u00edsir.is - \u00d6flugir samkeppnissj\u00f3\u00f0ir eru nau\u00f0synlegir fyrir n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun ----------------------- F\u00e1tt er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9laginu mikilv\u00e6gara n\u00fa en a\u00f0 skapa hagn\u00fdta \u00feekkingu … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":132,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13968,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-about-science","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/132"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":226,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223\/revisions\/226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}