{"id":412,"date":"2015-01-29T09:34:31","date_gmt":"2015-01-29T09:34:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/?p=412"},"modified":"2015-01-29T09:37:39","modified_gmt":"2015-01-29T09:37:39","slug":"icelandic-tilviljun-og-tilgangur-i-lifi-og-eilifd-um-tilviljun-og-naudsyn-eftir-jacques-monod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/2015\/01\/29\/icelandic-tilviljun-og-tilgangur-i-lifi-og-eilifd-um-tilviljun-og-naudsyn-eftir-jacques-monod\/","title":{"rendered":"Tilviljun og tilgangur \u00ed l\u00edfi og eil\u00edf\u00f0: Um Tilviljun og nau\u00f0syn eftir Jacques Monod"},"content":{"rendered":"


\nGreinarkorn okkar Tilviljun og tilgangur \u00ed l\u00edfi og eil\u00edf\u00f0: Um Tilviljun og nau\u00f0syn eftir Jacques Monod<\/em> kom \u00fat \u00ed Hug<\/a> ( 26. \u00c1rg, 2014 Bls. 233\u2013246)<\/p>\n

\u00deekking \u00e1 hva\u00f0a n\u00e1tt\u00farul\u00f6gm\u00e1lum g\u00e6ti hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 skilja e\u00f0li og eiginleika mannsins sem tegundar? Eru \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00f6mu l\u00f6gm\u00e1l og m\u00f3ta a\u00f0rar l\u00edfverur og vistkerfi jar\u00f0ar? Hafa \u00f6rl\u00f6g okkar veri\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0in e\u00f0a veltur velfer\u00f0 okkar \u00e1 tilviljun einni? Eru eiginleikar okkar og heg\u00f0an m\u00f3tu\u00f0 af erf\u00f0um, umhverfi e\u00f0a tilviljun? Spurningar af \u00feessu tagi brenna \u00e1 f\u00f3lki \u00ed dag, r\u00e9tt eins og fyrir 2.500 og jafnvel 25.000 \u00e1rum. V\u00edsindin gera okkur kleift a\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 svona spurningar, og \u00feannig b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 eiginleika manna og krafta n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar. Erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0in getur t.d. meti\u00f0 \u00e1hrif erf\u00f0a, umhverfis og tilviljunar \u00e1 eiginleika l\u00edfvera, og hefur s\u00fdnt fram \u00e1 fl\u00f3ki\u00f0 samspil allra \u00feessara \u00fe\u00e1tta. H\u00fan s\u00fdnir l\u00edka a\u00f0 \u00e1hrif erf\u00f0a eru missterk \u00e1 \u00f3l\u00edka \u00fe\u00e6tti, frj\u00f3semi hefur l\u00e1gt arfgengi en fingraf\u00f6r erfast au\u00f0veldlega.
\n\u00cd \u00feessari grein ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um st\u00f3rar spurningar um v\u00edsindi og tilgang l\u00edfsins \u00ed lj\u00f3si b\u00f3kar Jacques Lucien Monod (1910\u20131976) Tilviljun og nau\u00f0syn, rit um n\u00e1tt\u00farulega heimspeki n\u00fat\u00edmal\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em>. H\u00fan kom \u00fat \u00e1ri\u00f0 1969 \u00ed Frakklandi, en h\u00e9rlendis hausti\u00f0 2012 \u00ed lj\u00f3mandi g\u00f3\u00f0ri \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu Gu\u00f0mundar Eggertssonar. \u00cd henni fjallar Monod um e\u00f0li l\u00edfsins, n\u00fdjar uppg\u00f6tvanir \u00ed sameindal\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0i og hlutverk v\u00edsinda \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu. Tilviljun og nau\u00f0syn er st\u00f3rmerkilegt verk fyrir f\u00f3lk me\u00f0 \u00e1huga \u00e1 l\u00edfi, heimspeki og st\u00f3rum spurningum. En hva\u00f0 felur hin n\u00fdja sameindakenning \u00ed s\u00e9r fyrir l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0i og ver\u00f6ld manna?<\/p>\n

Monod og hin sm\u00e1s\u00e6ja ver\u00f6ld<\/strong>
\nVer\u00f6ld sm\u00e1s\u00e6rra l\u00edfvera og innvi\u00f0ir frumunnar v\u00f6f\u00f0ust fyrir n\u00e1tt\u00farufr\u00e6\u00f0ingum n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu aldar og h\u00e9ldu margir \u00feeirra a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ur l\u00edfskraftur, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0ur l\u00f6gm\u00e1lum efna- og e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i, byggi \u00ed \u00f6llum l\u00edfverum e\u00f0a a\u00f0 l\u00edf kvikna\u00f0i af sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r. Tilraunir Louis Pasteur (1822\u20131895) og nokkura annarra brautry\u00f0jenda \u00f6rverufr\u00e6\u00f0innar s\u00fdndu a\u00f0 l\u00edf v\u00e6ri komi\u00f0 af l\u00edfi og kv\u00e1\u00f0u \u00fear me\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur hugmyndir um sj\u00e1lfskviknun l\u00edfs. Jafnvel \u00f6rsm\u00e1ir gerlar fj\u00f6lga s\u00e9r me\u00f0 skiptingum, af einum gerli spretta tveir og svo koll af kolli. \u00deannig mjaka\u00f0ist l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0in sm\u00e1m saman undan oki gamalla hugmynda. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0ist me\u00f0al annars me\u00f0 innlei\u00f0slu tilraunav\u00edsinda og a\u00f0fer\u00f0a efna- og e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0innar, en s\u00fa \u00fer\u00f3un h\u00f3fst um aldarm\u00f3tin 1900. \u00ddmsar fr\u00e6\u00f0igreinar, \u00fe. \u00e1 m. \u00f6rverufr\u00e6\u00f0in, l\u00edfefnafr\u00e6\u00f0in og erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0in, l\u00f6g\u00f0u s\u00ed\u00f0an grunninn a\u00f0 sameindakenningunni \u00ed l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0i, sem oft er mi\u00f0u\u00f0 vi\u00f0 uppg\u00f6tvun James Watson (f. 1928) og Francis Crick (1916\u20132004) \u00e1 byggingu erf\u00f0aefnisins \u00e1ri\u00f0 1953. Hin n\u00fdju fr\u00e6\u00f0i gj\u00f6rbreyttu \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0i, l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i og skyldum greinum.<\/p>\n

Saga Monods er a\u00f0 vissu leyti saga \u00feessarar byltingar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Greinarkorn okkar Tilviljun og tilgangur \u00ed l\u00edfi og eil\u00edf\u00f0: Um Tilviljun og nau\u00f0syn eftir Jacques Monod kom \u00fat \u00ed Hug ( 26. \u00c1rg, 2014 Bls. 233\u2013246) \u00deekking \u00e1 hva\u00f0a n\u00e1tt\u00farul\u00f6gm\u00e1lum g\u00e6ti hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 skilja e\u00f0li og eiginleika mannsins sem … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":132,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publications"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/412","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/132"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=412"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/412\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":416,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/412\/revisions\/416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=412"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=412"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=412"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}