Category: Articles about science

The University of Iceland individual evaluation system

Arnar Pálsson, 09/11/2016

In this summary I would like to raise a few objections about the evaluation system that has been in use at the University of Iceland for a few decades now. The objections fall into four main categories. First are concerns about the role and output of Universities. Second is the problem of trying to measure the unmeasureable. Third is the increased corporatization of western universities and the fourth concerns the specifics of the Icelandic evaluation system. My conclusion is that the evaluation system used at the University of Iceland is fundamentally broken, should be disbanded and a new structure put in place to evaluate the performance of the teachers/researchers at the University.

I. Roles of Universities.

First I would like to highlight the roles of Universities in the modern age. Scholars, like our former rector Pall Skulason, have categorized three major roles for Universities. Skulason identifies the French (Napoleonic) university, a utilitarian institution aimed at serving the nation, solving problems at hand (concerning health, agriculture, industry, army) – often with top down administration, the German (Humboltian) university which is concerned with gathering knowledge for its own sake – letting basic research run free so to speak – obviously with the scholars them selves in charge of administration, and the English (Newtonian) university, aimed at providing the government with skilled personel to run an empire (administrators, officers, priests, lawyers, bankers etc) – the board of these universities obviously respond to the needs of governments.

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(Icelandic) Leyndardómar gena, baktería og uppruna lífs

Arnar Pálsson, 22/04/2016

Sorry, this entry is only available in Icelandic.

(Icelandic) Kerfisbundinn launamunur fræðagreina og kynja við opinbera háskóla

Arnar Pálsson, 18/02/2016

Sorry, this entry is only available in Icelandic.

Naturally occurring deletions of Hunchback binding sites in the even-skipped stripe 3+7 enhancer

Arnar Pálsson, 24/04/2014

Our manuscript on deletion variations in regulatory elements was published in Plos One.

Naturally occurring deletions of Hunchback binding sites in the even-skipped stripe 3+7 enhancer

Arnar Palsson, Natalia Wesolowska, Sigrún Reynisdóttir, Michael Z. Ludwig and Martin Kreitman

Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Changes in regulatory DNA contribute to phenotypic differences within and between taxa. Comparative studies show that many transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) are conserved between species and functional studies reveal that some mutations segregating within species alter TFBS function. Single base and insertions/deletion polymorphism are rare in characterized regulatory elements in Drosophila melanogaster. Experimentally defined TFBS are nearly devoid of segregating mutations and evolutionarily conserved. For instance, 8 of 11 Hunchback binding sites in the stripe 3+7 enhancer of even-skipped are conserved between D. melanogaster and Drosophila virilis. Oddly, we found a 72 bp deletion that removes one of those binding sites (Hb8), segregating within D. melanogaster. Furthermore, a 45 bp deletion polymorphism in the spacer between the stripe 3+7 and stripe 2 enhancers, removes another predicted Hunchback site. These two deletions are separated by ~250 bp, sit on distinct haplotypes, and segregate at appreciable frequency. The Hb8del is at 5 to 35% frequency in the new world, but also has cosmopolitan distribution. There is depletion of sequence variation on the Hb8del carrying haplotype. Quantitative genetic tests indicate that Hb8del affects developmental time, but not viability of offspring. The Eve expression pattern differs between inbred lines, but the stripe 3 and 7 boundaries are seemingly not affected by the Hb8del. The deletions of those two Hb binding sites in the eve regulatory elements do not appear to be deleterious to D. melanogaster. The data reveal segregating variation for a characterized TFBS, which may reflect evolutionary turnover due to drift or co-evolution.

Figure 1 of the manuscript illustrates the main findings.

About the academic point system at the University of Iceland

Arnar Pálsson, 31/03/2014

Sorry, this entry is only available in Icelandic.

(Icelandic) Virðisauki með vísindum

Arnar Pálsson, 20/02/2014

Sorry, this entry is only available in Icelandic.

(Icelandic) Betra að vera hraustur en sætur

Arnar Pálsson, 20/02/2014

Sorry, this entry is only available in Icelandic.

Article in Icelandic about science funding

Arnar Pálsson, 20/02/2014

Here we catalog publications and events, both in Icelandic and English.

Most of the general writing will be in Icelandic, as the objective is to provide a window into the work of biologists.

This page will also be used to catalog the progress of graduate students and coworkers.

Notes and events

Arnar Pálsson, 27/05/2010

Here we catalog publications and events, both in Icelandic and English.

Most of the general writing will be in Icelandic, as the objective is to provide a window into the work of biologists.

This page will also be used to catalog the progress of graduate students and coworkers.