{"id":627,"date":"2017-02-08T17:16:57","date_gmt":"2017-02-08T17:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/?p=627"},"modified":"2017-02-08T17:16:57","modified_gmt":"2017-02-08T17:16:57","slug":"icelandic-afneitun-loftslagsvandans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/2017\/02\/08\/icelandic-afneitun-loftslagsvandans\/","title":{"rendered":"Afneitun loftslagsvandans"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eftirfarandi pistill sem vi\u00f0 Hr\u00f6nn Egilsd\u00f3ttir skrifu\u00f0um birtist \u00ed Kjarnanum<\/a> 16. jan\u00faar s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0inn.<\/p>\n

Til\u00adgangur og mark\u00admi\u00f0 v\u00eds\u00adinda er a\u00f0 afla skiln\u00adings \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00ad\u00faru\u00adlegum fyr\u00adir\u00adb\u00e6rum og skapa \u00feekk\u00adingu. V\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar rann\u00ads\u00f3knir og \u00fer\u00f3\u00adun\u00adar\u00advinna eru und\u00adir\u00adsta\u00f0a dag\u00adlegs l\u00edfs lang\u00adflestra jar\u00f0\u00adar\u00adb\u00faa. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna hluti sem okkur \u00feykja sj\u00e1lf\u00adsag\u00f0ir eins og lyf, sam\u00adg\u00f6ng\u00adur, \u00fdmis raf\u00adt\u00e6ki, n\u00fdt\u00adingu au\u00f0\u00adlinda\u00a0o.s.frv. \u00de\u00f6kk s\u00e9 v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegum rann\u00ads\u00f3knum vitum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 reyk\u00adingar valda krabba\u00admein\u00adi,\u00a0HIV\u00a0veiran veldur aln\u00e6mi og hreyf\u00adingar \u00ed kviku\u00adh\u00f3lfum \u00ed jar\u00f0\u00adskorp\u00adunni geta orsaka\u00f0 jar\u00f0\u00adskj\u00e1lfta. \u00deetta allt er almennt vi\u00f0\u00adur\u00adkennt og \u00f3um\u00addeilt.<\/p>\n

V\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar rann\u00ads\u00f3knir s\u00fdna l\u00edka \u00f3tv\u00ed\u00adr\u00e6tt a\u00f0 st\u00e6rsta \u00f3gnin vi\u00f0 l\u00edf og lifn\u00ada\u00f0\u00adar\u00adh\u00e6tti manna (og ann\u00adarra l\u00edf\u00advera \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0\u00adinni) eru lofts\u00adlags\u00adbreyt\u00adingar sem stafa af auknum gr\u00f3\u00f0\u00adur\u00adh\u00fasa\u00ad\u00e1\u00adhrifum og s\u00farnun sj\u00e1var en hvort tveggja stafar af losun mann\u00adkyns \u00e1 kold\u00ed\u00adox\u00ed\u00f0i (CO2<\/sub>) \u00fat \u00ed and\u00adr\u00fams\u00adloft\u00adi\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er br\u00e1\u00f0\u00adnau\u00f0\u00adsyn\u00adlegt og \u00e1r\u00ed\u00f0\u00adandi er a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00feennan vanda og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir heims\u00adins hafa flestar kom\u00adist a\u00f0 sam\u00adkomu\u00adlagi um a\u00f0 setja metn\u00ada\u00f0\u00adar\u00adfull mark\u00admi\u00f0 um a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 draga \u00far \u00f3gn\u00adinni. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feetta heyr\u00adast enn h\u00e1v\u00e6rar raddir sem afneita \u00feess\u00adari \u00f3gn. \u00dea\u00f0 er s\u00e9r\u00adstak\u00adlega alvar\u00adlegt m\u00e1l \u00feegar stj\u00f3rn\u00adm\u00e1la\u00admenn, a\u00f0rir kj\u00f6rnir full\u00adtr\u00faar e\u00f0a jafn\u00advel \u00e1hrifa\u00adr\u00edkir hags\u00admuna\u00ada\u00f0\u00adilar afneita lofts\u00adlags\u00advand\u00adan\u00adum, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fear me\u00f0 eru \u00feeir a\u00f0 neita kyn\u00adsl\u00f3\u00f0um fram\u00adt\u00ed\u00f0ar um \u00fe\u00e6r lausnir sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til n\u00fa strax til a\u00f0 leysa vand\u00adann. Og lausn\u00adirnar eru svo sann\u00adar\u00adlega til!<\/p>\n

Afneitun \u00e1 lofts\u00adlags\u00advand\u00adanum getur veri\u00f0 af nokkrum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0\u00adum, t.d.:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Skorti \u00e1 skiln\u00adingi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar rann\u00ads\u00f3knir fara fram og \u00fev\u00ed hlut\u00adverki sem v\u00eds\u00adindin hafa \u00ed sam\u00adf\u00e9\u00adlagi manna, \u00fe.e.a.s. vegna skorts \u00e1 v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adl\u00e6si.<\/li>\n
  2. Vegna blindrar tr\u00faar \u00e1 t\u00e6kni\u00adlegar lausnir e\u00f0a m\u00e1tt mark\u00ada\u00f0\u00adar\u00adins.<\/li>\n
  3. Af ein\u00addregnum vilja til \u00feess a\u00f0 lj\u00faga, t.d. til a\u00f0 vernda eigin hags\u00admuni e\u00f0a ganga erinda\u00a0hags\u00admuna\u00ada\u00f0\u00adila.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ekki er alltaf au\u00f0\u00advelt a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 hva\u00f0a \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur liggja a\u00f0 baki afneit\u00adunar hvers ein\u00adstak\u00adlings. N\u00e6r\u00adt\u00e6kt d\u00e6mi eru pistlar sem Hei\u00f0ar Gu\u00f0\u00adj\u00f3ns\u00adson<\/a>, stj\u00f3rn\u00adar\u00adfor\u00adma\u00f0ur ol\u00edu\u00adleit\u00adar\u00adfyr\u00adir\u00adt\u00e6k\u00adis\u00adins\u00a0Eykon\u00a0Energy\u00a0skrif\u00ada\u00f0i n\u00fdveri\u00f0 \u00ed Kjarn\u00adann<\/a>. \u00cd pistl\u00adunum birt\u00adist mikil tr\u00fa \u00e1 m\u00e1tt mark\u00ada\u00f0\u00adar\u00adins og t\u00e6kni\u00adlegar fram\u00adfar\u00adir, en efni pistils\u00adins kann a\u00f0 vera d\u00e6mi um alvar\u00adlegan skort \u00e1 v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adl\u00e6si, blinda tr\u00fa \u00e1 kap\u00ad\u00edt\u00adal\u00adisma e\u00f0a ein\u00adbeittan vilja til a\u00f0 afvega\u00adlei\u00f0a umr\u00e6\u00f0\u00aduna um \u00fe\u00e1 \u00f3gn sem mann\u00adkyni\u00f0 stendur frammi fyr\u00adir.<\/p>\n

    Erlendis er vel skr\u00e1\u00adsett a\u00f0 and\u00f3f gegn lofts\u00adlags\u00adv\u00eds\u00adindum er skipu\u00adlagt af hags\u00admuna\u00ada\u00f0\u00adilum \u00ed ol\u00edu og gas\u00adi\u00f0n\u00ada\u00f0i. I\u00f0n\u00ada\u00f0i sem jafnan sv\u00edfst einskis til \u00feess a\u00f0 kasta r\u00fdr\u00f0 \u00e1 v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00admenn, fr\u00e6\u00f0a\u00adsam\u00adf\u00e9\u00adlagi\u00f0 og al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00adlegar stofn\u00adanir til \u00feess a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta fj\u00e1r\u00adhags\u00adlegra hags\u00admuna sinna. Beitt er svip\u00adu\u00f0um a\u00f0fer\u00f0um og t\u00f3baks\u00adi\u00f0n\u00ada\u00f0\u00adur\u00adinn not\u00ada\u00f0i gegn v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adm\u00f6nnum sem afhj\u00fap\u00adu\u00f0u ska\u00f0\u00adsemi reyk\u00adinga.<\/p>\n

    Taka skal fram a\u00f0 v\u00eds\u00adindin og v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir eru alls ekki yfir gagn\u00adr\u00fdni haf\u00f0\u00adar. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00fev\u00ed v\u00eds\u00adindin \u00fer\u00edf\u00adast \u00e1 gagn\u00adr\u00fdnni umr\u00e6\u00f0u. En skipu\u00adlag\u00f0ar og vel fj\u00e1r\u00admagn\u00ada\u00f0ar \u00e1r\u00f3\u00f0\u00adurs\u00adher\u00adfer\u00f0ir eru ekki gagn\u00adr\u00fdnin umr\u00e6\u00f0a, heldur til\u00adraun til a\u00f0 afvega\u00adlei\u00f0a almenn\u00ading og stj\u00f3rn\u00adv\u00f6ld. Fram\u00adt\u00ed\u00f0 kom\u00adandi kyn\u00adsl\u00f3\u00f0a manna og alls l\u00edfs \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0\u00adinni veltur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 verj\u00adumst \u00feessum \u00e1r\u00f3\u00f0ri. H\u00e9r er hlut\u00adverk fj\u00f6l\u00admi\u00f0la mik\u00adil\u00adv\u00e6gt, og \u00e1byrg\u00f0 kj\u00f6r\u00adinna full\u00adtr\u00faa enn meiri.<\/p>\n

    \u00dev\u00ed \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 veislu\u00adbor\u00f0 upp\u00adl\u00fds\u00adinga sem\u00a0inter\u00adneti\u00f0\u00a0f\u00e6rir okk\u00adur, \u00fe\u00e1 vilja rang\u00adf\u00e6rslur og sta\u00f0\u00adreynda\u00advillur \u00f3sjaldan yfir\u00adtaka almenna umr\u00e6\u00f0u um \u00fdmis m\u00e1l\u00adefni. Erfitt er a\u00f0 eiga vi\u00f0 ein\u00addreg\u00adinn vilja til a\u00f0 afvega\u00adlei\u00f0a umr\u00e6\u00f0u me\u00f0 rang\u00adf\u00e6rsl\u00adum. En almennt v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adl\u00e6si er au\u00f0\u00advelt, og nau\u00f0\u00adsyn\u00adlegt a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 efla \u00e1byrga upp\u00adl\u00fds\u00adinga\u00admi\u00f0lun og mennt\u00adun. \u00dev\u00ed \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 veislu\u00adbor\u00f0 upp\u00adl\u00fds\u00adinga sem\u00a0inter\u00adneti\u00f0\u00a0f\u00e6rir okk\u00adur, \u00fe\u00e1 vilja rang\u00adf\u00e6rslur og sta\u00f0\u00adreynda\u00advillur \u00f3sjaldan yfir\u00adtaka almenna umr\u00e6\u00f0u um \u00fdmis m\u00e1l\u00adefni.<\/p>\n

    V\u00eds\u00adinda\u00admenn eru fj\u00f6l\u00adbreyttur h\u00f3pur f\u00f3lks sem vinnur b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed sam\u00advinnu og \u00ed sam\u00adkeppni vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00admenn. V\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar rann\u00ads\u00f3knir ganga \u00fat \u00e1 pr\u00f3fa til\u00adg\u00e1tur sem lag\u00f0ar eru fram \u00fat fr\u00e1 fyr\u00adir\u00adliggj\u00adandi \u00feekk\u00adingu. Stundum er til\u00adg\u00e1tum hafna\u00f0 en stundum renna rann\u00ads\u00f3kn\u00adirnar sto\u00f0um undir til\u00adg\u00e1t\u00adurn\u00adar. Til\u00adg\u00e1tur sem hafa sta\u00f0\u00adist \u00edtreku\u00f0 pr\u00f3f fest\u00adast \u00ed sessi og me\u00f0 t\u00edm\u00adanum ver\u00f0ur almenn og v\u00ed\u00f0\u00adt\u00e6k s\u00e1tt um sann\u00adleiks\u00adgildi til\u00adg\u00e1t\u00adunnar sem eftir \u00fea\u00f0 liti\u00f0 \u00e1 sem sta\u00f0\u00adreynd, jafn\u00advel l\u00f6g\u00adm\u00e1l e\u00f0a kenn\u00adingu. D\u00e6mi um \u00feetta eru m.a. \u00feyngd\u00adar\u00adl\u00f6g\u00adm\u00e1l\u00a0Newtons, erf\u00f0a\u00adl\u00f6g\u00adm\u00e1l\u00a0Mendels\u00a0e\u00f0a \u00fer\u00f3\u00adun\u00adar\u00adkenn\u00ading\u00a0Darwins. N\u00fa er \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0\u00adur\u00adkennt sem v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adleg pr\u00f3fu\u00f0 sta\u00f0\u00adreynd a\u00f0 st\u00f3r\u00adt\u00e6kur \u00fatbl\u00e1stur manna \u00e1 kold\u00ed\u00adox\u00ed\u00f0i (CO2\u00a0<\/sub>) er a\u00f0 valda og mun halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 valda v\u00ed\u00f0\u00adt\u00e6kum nei\u00adkv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00e1hrifum \u00e1 sam\u00adf\u00e9\u00adl\u00f6g manna og anna\u00f0 l\u00edf\u00adr\u00edki \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0\u00adinni.<\/p>\n

    Byggjum umr\u00e6\u00f0u um lofts\u00adlags\u00adm\u00e1lin \u00e1 ni\u00f0\u00adur\u00adst\u00f6\u00f0um sem afla\u00f0 er me\u00f0 v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegum pr\u00f3f\u00adun\u00adum. Gagn\u00adr\u00fdnin hugsun gengur ekki \u00fat \u00e1 a\u00f0 efast um allt, heldur a\u00f0 spyrja um g\u00e6\u00f0i upp\u00adl\u00fds\u00adinga og r\u00e6\u00f0a um \u00fe\u00e6r \u00e1 yfir\u00adveg\u00ada\u00f0an h\u00e1tt. \u00dear bera all\u00adir, stj\u00f3rn\u00adv\u00f6ld, fj\u00f6l\u00admi\u00f0la\u00admenn, fr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00admenn og\u00a0\u00a0a\u00f0r\u00adir, mikla \u00e1byrg\u00f0. Sam\u00ad\u00feykkjum ekki sta\u00f0\u00adreynda\u00advillur og sam\u00ads\u00e6r\u00adis\u00adkenn\u00ading\u00adar. Veg\u00adfer\u00f0 mann\u00adkyns byggir \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Arnar er d\u00f3s\u00adent vi\u00f0 l\u00edf- og umhverf\u00adis\u00adv\u00eds\u00adinda\u00addeild H\u00cd. Hr\u00f6nn er dokt\u00adorsefni vi\u00f0 Jar\u00f0\u00adv\u00eds\u00adinda\u00addeild H\u00cd.<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Eftirfarandi pistill sem vi\u00f0 Hr\u00f6nn Egilsd\u00f3ttir skrifu\u00f0um birtist \u00ed Kjarnanum 16. jan\u00faar s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0inn. Til\u00adgangur og mark\u00admi\u00f0 v\u00eds\u00adinda er a\u00f0 afla skiln\u00adings \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00ad\u00faru\u00adlegum fyr\u00adir\u00adb\u00e6rum og skapa \u00feekk\u00adingu. V\u00eds\u00adinda\u00adlegar rann\u00ads\u00f3knir og \u00fer\u00f3\u00adun\u00adar\u00advinna eru und\u00adir\u00adsta\u00f0a dag\u00adlegs l\u00edfs lang\u00adflestra jar\u00f0\u00adar\u00adb\u00faa. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":132,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13968],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-about-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/132"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=627"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":628,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627\/revisions\/628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/apalsson\/IS\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}