{"id":1070,"date":"2025-05-30T14:40:01","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T14:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/?p=1070"},"modified":"2025-06-12T10:36:58","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T10:36:58","slug":"varnarsamningur-islands-og-bandarikjanna-i-sogulegu-ljosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/2025\/05\/30\/varnarsamningur-islands-og-bandarikjanna-i-sogulegu-ljosi\/","title":{"rendered":"Varnarsamningur \u00cdslands og Bandar\u00edkjanna \u00ed s\u00f6gulegu lj\u00f3si"},"content":{"rendered":"

Erindi flutt 28. ma\u00ed sl. \u00e1 opnum fundi \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri undir yfirskriftinni Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed breyttum heimi og \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l \u00ed n\u00fdju al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamhengi. <\/em><\/p>\n

Fundastj\u00f3ri, utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, rektor og a\u00f0rir gestir.<\/p>\n

Inngangur<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vel fer \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri. Sk\u00f3linn hefur teki\u00f0 forystu \u00ed \u00edslensku h\u00e1sk\u00f3lasamf\u00e9lagi a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er var\u00f0ar kennslu og ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a. \u00cd stefnu H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri fyrir \u00e1rin 2024\u20132030 er l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 hlutverk h\u00e1sk\u00f3lans sem nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ah\u00e1sk\u00f3la. Sk\u00f3linn er me\u00f0al annars stofna\u00f0ili a\u00f0 University of the Arctic (UArctic)<\/a>\u00a0og samkv\u00e6mt\u00a0Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0astefnu \u00cdslands (pdf)<\/a> er Akureyri skilgreind sem mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 \u00edslenskrar \u00feekkingar og al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legrar s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00feekkingar \u00e1 m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a. Vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri hefur myndast \u00f6flugt \u00feekkingarsetur um \u00feessi m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00fear sem saman koma ranns\u00f3knir, menntun, stefnum\u00f3tun. \u00dear starfar me\u00f0al annars stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar, jafnframt \u00fev\u00ed sem vi\u00f0 lagadeild sk\u00f3lans er rekin n\u00e1msbraut um heimskautar\u00e9tt.<\/p>\n

Varnarsamningur \u00cdslands og Bandar\u00edkjanna er hluti af umr\u00e6\u00f0u um \u00f6ryggi \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um. \u00c9g \u00e6tla a\u00f0 varpa \u00f6rlitlu s\u00f6gulegu lj\u00f3si \u00e1 \u00feetta vi\u00f0fangsefni me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fara h\u00e9r nokkrum or\u00f0um varnarsamning \u00cdslands og Bandar\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n

\u00ddmsar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur eiga \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed a\u00f0 draga athyglina a\u00f0 \u00feessum heimshluta sem vi\u00f0 k\u00f6llum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir, en s\u00ed\u00f0ustu m\u00e1nu\u00f0ina er \u00fea\u00f0 mikill \u00e1hugi Trump forseta Bandar\u00edkjanna \u00e1 Gr\u00e6nlandi.<\/p>\n

Trump hefur \u00edtreka\u00f0 sagt a\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin \u00feurfi a\u00f0 komast yfir Gr\u00e6nland vegna \u00f6ryggishagsmuna Bandar\u00edkjanna, j\u00fa og vegna au\u00f0linda sem \u00fear er a\u00f0 finna, - ef ekki me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e1 me\u00f0 illu. A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er \u00f6ryggishagsmuni var\u00f0ar er \u00cdsland a\u00f0 sumu leyti \u00e1\u00feekkri st\u00f6\u00f0u og Gr\u00e6nland, nema a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er var\u00f0ar legu Gr\u00e6nlands til vesturs vi\u00f0 Baffin-fl\u00f3a auk \u00feess sem Gr\u00e6nland n\u00e6r miklu lengra \u00ed nor\u00f0ur. A\u00f0 \u00feessu s\u00f6g\u00f0u er \u00feessar yfirl\u00fdsingar samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur me\u00f0 miklum \u00f3l\u00edkindum og m\u00e1 t\u00falka sem beina \u00f3gn vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 skipan heimsm\u00e1la sem komst \u00e1 eftir s\u00ed\u00f0ari heimstyrj\u00f6ldina. \u00de\u00f3 \u00fearf a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 saga heimsins kennir okkur a\u00f0 engin skipan heimsm\u00e1la hefur reynst varanaleg hinga\u00f0 til og \u00feessi skipan eftirstr\u00ed\u00f0s\u00e1ranna ver\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 ekki heldur.<\/p>\n

\u00deegar a\u00f0sto\u00f0armenn Trumps fara a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra fyrir honum hvar Gr\u00e6nland er a\u00f0 finna \u00e1 landakortinu er \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegt a\u00f0 hann komi auga \u00e1 \u00cdsland. M\u00f6gulega f\u00e6\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00fa hugmynd \u00ed kollinum \u00e1 honum a\u00f0 hann \u00feurfi a\u00f0 eiga \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka e\u00f0a a\u00f0 minnsta kosti a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a yfir \u00fev\u00ed me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0u e\u00f0a illu. \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 au\u00f0lindum er sta\u00f0an samt \u00f6nnur fyrir \u00cdsland \u00fear sem vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum ekkert a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a Trump nema sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rar fiskvei\u00f0ar og endurn\u00fdjanlega orku. Sem betur fer (e\u00f0a illu heilli) eru or\u00f0in \u201esj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rni\u201c og \u201eendurn\u00fdjanleg\u201c bannor\u00f0 \u00ed hans p\u00f3lit\u00edsku or\u00f0ab\u00f3k. Ofan \u00e1 \u00feetta b\u00e6tast svo \u00fdmsar einkennilegar yfirl\u00fdsingar forsetans um NATO og vina\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir Bandar\u00edkjanna n\u00e6r og fj\u00e6r sem \u00f3gnar skipan \u00f6ryggis- og varnarm\u00e1la \u00e1 Nor\u00f0ur-Atlantshafi.<\/p>\n

Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 m\u00e1 velta fyrir s\u00e9r hvort alvara b\u00fdr a\u00f0 baki, en \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegt er a\u00f0 \u00cdsland \u00edhugi st\u00f6\u00f0u s\u00edna \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edmum. M\u00e9r finnst utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, \u00deorger\u00f0ur Katr\u00edn Gunnarsd\u00f3ttir sem hefur hei\u00f0ra\u00f0 okkur me\u00f0 n\u00e6rveru sinni h\u00e9r \u00ed dag, hafa t\u00e6kla\u00f0 \u00feessa st\u00f6\u00f0u vel me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast brattar yfirl\u00fdsingar og leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin s\u00e9u vina\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 og gera \u00feannig r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir skynsemin muni sigra a\u00f0 lokum, en huga einnig a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum kostum sem bj\u00f3\u00f0ast um \u00f6ryggi \u00cdslands og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00f6ryggi \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um. Spurningar vakna \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega um hvort \u00cdsland \u00feurfi a\u00f0 leita styrks annars sta\u00f0ar fr\u00e1, t.d. fr\u00e1 ESB. \u00deetta er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekkert minna en st\u00f3rm\u00e1l \u00ed \u00edslenskri p\u00f3lit\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Hern\u00e1m \u00cdslands<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 kapphlaup og valdabr\u00f6lt Evr\u00f3pur\u00edkja, Bandar\u00edkjanna, R\u00fassa og jafnvel K\u00ednverja sem n\u00fdtt fyrirb\u00e6ri sem tengjast br\u00e1\u00f0num j\u00f6kla \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og n\u00fdfundnum au\u00f0lindum \u00e1 Gr\u00e6nlandi. Af \u00fev\u00ed sprettur fyrirs\u00f6gnin \u00e1 m\u00e1l\u00feinginu um breyttan heim. \u00deetta er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 r\u00e9tt svo langt sem \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00e6r. \u00cdslandssagan geymir samt fj\u00f6lda fr\u00e1sagna um s\u00f3kn landa \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu \u00e1 sl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00cdslands, sem er j\u00fa \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, vegna efnahagslegra og vi\u00f0skiptalega hagsmuna, a\u00f0allega fiskvei\u00f0a og hvalvei\u00f0a. Mest er fjalla\u00f0 um umsvif Breta, \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verja og Hollendinga \u00ed gegnum aldirnar, en h\u00e9r komu einnig Tyrkir og Sp\u00e1nverjar og l\u00edkast til fleiri. \u00a0H\u00e9r m\u00e1 l\u00edka rifja upp kapphlaup r\u00edkja \u00e1 Nor\u00f0urp\u00f3linn s\u00ed\u00f0ari hluta 19. aldar \u00ed nafni landk\u00f6nnunar og aukinnar v\u00edsindalegar \u00feekkingar. Einnig m\u00e1 nefna kapphlaupi\u00f0 um hver yr\u00f0i fyrstur til a\u00f0 reisa f\u00e1na lands s\u00edns \u00e1 Nor\u00f0urp\u00f3lnum!<\/p>\n

\u00deetta kapphlaup st\u00f3rvelda um \u00e1hrif \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um sem n\u00fa er \u00ed gangi er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r ekki alveg n\u00fdtt fyrirb\u00e6ri. \u00c9g vil \u00fe\u00f3 halda \u00fev\u00ed til haga a\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edsk og herna\u00f0arleg sta\u00f0a m\u00e1la \u00e1 Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, a\u00f0 minnsta kosti \u00cdslands, hafi breyst \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um talsvert fyrr, e\u00f0a n\u00e1nar tilteki\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 menn fundu upp flugv\u00e9lina.<\/p>\n

\u00cd gegnum aldirnar var \u00cdsland au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00ed samskipum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i verslunar og vi\u00f0skipta. Um aldir var \u00cdsland \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed reynd utan alfaralei\u00f0a og haf\u00f0i enga herna\u00f0arlega \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu enda \u00f6ll str\u00ed\u00f0 sta\u00f0bundnari fyrr \u00e1 t\u00edmum en n\u00fa er og h\u00e1\u00f0 fjarri \u00cdslandi. \u00cdslendingar l\u00e9tu s\u00e9r lengst af f\u00e1tt um finnast.<\/p>\n

Bjartur \u00ed Sumarh\u00fasum (HKL) orti um \u00feetta:<\/p>\n

Spurt hef \u00e9g t\u00edu millj\u00f3n manns<\/em><\/p>\n

s\u00e9u myrtir \u00ed gamni utanlands.<\/em><\/p>\n

Sannlega mega \u00feeir s\u00fapa hel<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00e9g syrgi \u00fe\u00e1 ekki, fari \u00feeir vel<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00deetta breyttist me\u00f0 b\u00e6ttum skipakosti, st\u00e6rri skipum sem n\u00fdttust til lengri og erfi\u00f0ari lei\u00f0angra o.s.frv. og svo me\u00f0 fluginu, einkum fluginu yfir nor\u00f0ur Atlantshafi\u00f0. Skyndilega var \u00cdsland \u00ed alfaralei\u00f0 og herna\u00f0arleg \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing landsins j\u00f3kst verulega, enda var \u00e1 \u00feessum upphafs\u00e1rum flugs \u00f3gerlegt a\u00f0 flj\u00faga \u00ed einum rykk yfir hafi\u00f0 \u00e1n vi\u00f0komu me\u00f0al annars \u00e1 \u00cdslandi, \u00fe\u00f3tt ekki v\u00e6ri til annars en a\u00f0 taka eldsneyti. \u00deetta lag\u00f0i grunninn a\u00f0 herna\u00f0arlegri \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00cdslands og h\u00fan hefur s\u00edst fari\u00f0 minnkandi n\u00fa \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu t\u00edmum.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9r var kennt \u00ed gamla daga \u00feegar fa\u00f0ir minn og m\u00f3\u00f0ir voru a\u00f0 tala um str\u00ed\u00f0s\u00e1rin a\u00f0 Bretar hef\u00f0u komi\u00f0 til \u00cdslands til a\u00f0 verja okkur fyrir \u00e1r\u00e1sum og vernda okkur fyrir Nasismanum. \u00c9g hef s\u00ed\u00f0an skili\u00f0 betur a\u00f0 \u00feetta var fremur hluti af aldag\u00f6mlu valdabr\u00f6lti Breta \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu hagsmuna breska heimsveldisins, sem \u00fe\u00e1 var komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f3tum fram.<\/p>\n

\u00d3tti vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 brytist \u00fat f\u00f3r vaxandi \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu eftir a\u00f0 Nasistar komust til valda \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi \u00ed upphafi \u00e1rs 1933. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar t\u00f3ku a\u00f0 herv\u00e6\u00f0ast. \u00c1 sama t\u00edma f\u00f3r \u00e1hugi \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verja \u00e1 \u00cdslandi vaxandi enda voru \u00feeir b\u00fanir a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 herna\u00f0arlegu mikilv\u00e6gi landsins. Samhli\u00f0a \u00feessu jukust vi\u00f0skipti milli landanna, \u00e1samt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdskir v\u00edsinda- og fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn f\u00f3ru \u00ed vaxandi m\u00e6li a\u00f0 venja komur s\u00ednar til landsins. \u00de\u00fdsk herskip f\u00f3ru a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st \u00ed hafinu umhverfis landi\u00f0 en \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar stundu\u00f0u \u00fear fiskvei\u00f0ar \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma. \u00deessir tilbur\u00f0ir \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verja m\u00e6ttu v\u00ed\u00f0a tortryggni. Bretum, sem litu \u00e1 \u00cdsland sem hluta af \u00e1hrifasv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu, st\u00f3\u00f0 ekki \u00e1 sama um \u00feetta br\u00f6lt og t\u00f6ldu hagsmunum s\u00ednum \u00f3gna\u00f0 ef \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar k\u00e6must h\u00e9r til \u00e1hrifa. \u00cdsland sem lengi haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 bresku \u00e1hrifasv\u00e6\u00f0i (\u00ed \u00feeirra huga) og \u00f3fri\u00f0arhorfurnar juku mikilv\u00e6gi landsins \u00ed hugum Breta til a\u00f0 tryggja \u00feeirra eigi\u00f0 \u00f6ryggi og hagsmuni tengda siglingalei\u00f0um og \u00f6ryggi \u00ed flugi yfir nor\u00f0ur Atlantshafi.<\/p>\n

Vitaskuld er \u00e1hugi Evr\u00f3pumanna, n\u00fa e\u00f0a Bandar\u00edkjanna, \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um ekki n\u00fdr af n\u00e1linni. A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed leyti m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 herna\u00f0arleg \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing \u00cdslands og \u00fear me\u00f0 sta\u00f0a \u00feess \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00f6ryggi \u00e1 Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um hafi breyst \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um \u00feegar \u00e1 fyrri hluta 20. aldar.<\/p>\n

\u00de\u00e1 a\u00f0 hern\u00e1minu.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0fararn\u00f3tt 10. ma\u00ed 1940 hern\u00e1mu Bretar \u00cdsland. Varla er \u00fea\u00f0 tilviljun a\u00f0 \u00feetta ger\u00f0ist a\u00f0eins fj\u00f3rum vikum eftir a\u00f0 \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar hern\u00e1mu Danm\u00f6rku og Noreg 9. apr\u00edl 1940.<\/p>\n

\u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir hern\u00e1mi \u00cdslands var fyrst og fremst herna\u00f0arlegt mikilv\u00e6gi landsins \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 siglingar um\u00a0Nor\u00f0ur-Atlantshaf og flugumfer\u00f0 til \u00feess me\u00f0al annars til a\u00f0 fylgjast me\u00f0 \u00feessum siglingum. Innr\u00e1s \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verja \u00ed Danm\u00f6rku og Noregi sannfr\u00e6\u00f0i Breta um a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00feyrftu a\u00f0 hernema \u00cdsland.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 var s\u00ed\u00f0an 28. ma\u00ed 1941 a\u00f0 Franklin D. Roosevelt, forseti Bandar\u00edkjanna, \u00e1kva\u00f0 a\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin skyldu taka vi\u00f0 herv\u00f6rslu \u00cdslands af Bretum. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an var s\u00fa a\u00f0 Bretar voru \u00ed raun of veikbur\u00f0a herna\u00f0arlega til a\u00f0 sinna \u00feessu hlutverki. \u00de\u00e1 kom \u201eKaninn, \u00feaninn, komm\u00fanistabaninn\u201c, og h\u00fan Magga \u00ed bragganum hans Magn\u00fasar Eir\u00edkssonar t\u00f3k gle\u00f0i s\u00edna \u00e1 n\u00fd, en h\u00fan haf\u00f0i glata\u00f0 henni \u00feegar Bretinn f\u00f3r. \u00c1hugavert er a\u00f0 \u00feetta var \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar l\u00fdstu yfir str\u00ed\u00f0i \u00e1 hendur Bandar\u00edkjar\u00edkjunum 11. desember 1941 og \u00feremur \u00e1rum fyrir innr\u00e1sina \u00ed Normand\u00ed 6. j\u00fan\u00ed 1944. H\u00f3fu bandar\u00edskir hermenn a\u00f0 koma til landsins \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari hluta \u00e1rs 1941 og breskir a\u00f0 yfirgefa \u00fea\u00f0. Herverndarsamningurinn sem \u00cdslendingar ger\u00f0u vi\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkjamenn 1941 markar t\u00edmam\u00f3t \u00ed s\u00f6gu \u00edslenskra utanr\u00edkism\u00e1la og einhverju leyti \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og me\u00f0 honum lag\u00f0ur grunnur a\u00f0 \u00feeirra skipan m\u00e1la um hervernd \u00cdslands, sem og fyrir \u00f6ryggi \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um \u00ed heild, allt til \u00e1rsins 2006 \u00feegar Bush yngri dr\u00f3g allt bandar\u00edskt herli\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n

Sem fyrr segir f\u00f3ru bandar\u00edskir hermenn af landi brott 1947, en \u00fea\u00f0 var gert \u00e1 grundvelli svokalla\u00f0s Keflav\u00edkursamnings fr\u00e1 1946 sem m\u00e6lti svo fyrir a\u00f0 bandar\u00edski herinn myndi halda af landi brott, en bandar\u00edskir borgaralegir starfsmenn myndu halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 reka Keflav\u00edkurflugv\u00f6ll. \u00a0Og \u201cMagga \u00ed sagga situr ein \u00ed bragga og \u00e1 ekki fyrir ol\u00edu, er alveg staur.\u201d<\/p>\n

NATO og varnarsamningurinn<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cdsland ger\u00f0ist s\u00ed\u00f0an stofnaa\u00f0ili a\u00f0 NATO\u00a01949 og\u00a0loks var varnarsamningur\u00a0\u00cdslands og Bandar\u00edkjanna ger\u00f0ur 1951. \u00de\u00e1 kom bandar\u00edskt herli\u00f0 aftur til landsins og h\u00fan Magga \u00ed bragganum k\u00e6ttist \u00e1 n\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0alag 1. gr. NATO samningsins s\u00fdnir samhengi\u00f0 milli stofnunar S\u00de eftir s\u00ed\u00f0ari heimsstyrj\u00f6ldina og hvernig stofnun NATO og a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands tengist skipan heimsm\u00e1la \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar str\u00ed\u00f0sins. Meginskuldbindingin \u00ed NATO-samningnum kemur fram \u00ed 5. gr. sem m\u00e6lir svo fyrir a\u00f0 a\u00f0ilar eru samm\u00e1la um, a\u00f0 vopnu\u00f0 \u00e1r\u00e1s \u00e1 einn \u00feeirra e\u00f0a fleiri \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu e\u00f0a Nor\u00f0ur-Amer\u00edku skuli talin \u00e1r\u00e1s \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 alla.<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e9r er \u00feess a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta a\u00f0 Trump forseti hefur \u00edtreka\u00f0 gefi\u00f0 til kynna a\u00f0 hann s\u00e9 ekkert viss um a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feetta ver\u00f0i sta\u00f0i\u00f0 af h\u00e1lfu Bandar\u00edkjanna og ber \u00fev\u00ed helst vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rframl\u00f6g annarra r\u00edkja en Bandar\u00edkjanna s\u00e9u \u00f3n\u00f3g og krefst \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feau grei\u00f0i meira til samstarfsins og til sinna eigin varna. Ekkert liggur sk\u00fdrt fyrir um a\u00f0 \u00cdsland s\u00e9 undaskili\u00f0 \u00feessari fj\u00e1rkr\u00f6fu Trumps forseta \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 kunni a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a \u00e1 endanum. \u00deetta er engin sm\u00e1r\u00e6\u00f0is krafa \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed henni felst a\u00f0 NATO r\u00edki verji allt a\u00f0 5% af vergri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arframlei\u00f0slu til varnarm\u00e1la.<\/p>\n

\u00de\u00e1 a\u00f0 varnarsamningnum, en hann er l\u00f6gfestur me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum nr. 110\/1951 sem og vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um r\u00e9ttarst\u00f6\u00f0u li\u00f0s Bandar\u00edkjanna og eignir \u00feeirra: \u00cd inngangi samningsins segir <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00dear sem \u00cdslendingar geta ekki sj\u00e1lfir vari\u00f0 land sitt, en reynslan hefur s\u00fdnt, a\u00f0 varnarleysi lands stofnar \u00f6ryggi \u00feess sj\u00e1lfs og fri\u00f0samra n\u00e1granna \u00feess \u00ed vo\u00f0a, og \u00fear sem tv\u00eds\u00fdnt er um al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0am\u00e1l, hefur Nor\u00f0ur-Atlantshafsbandalagi\u00f0 fari\u00f0 \u00feess \u00e1 leit vi\u00f0 \u00cdsland og Bandar\u00edkin, a\u00f0 \u00feau geri r\u00e1\u00f0stafanir til, a\u00f0 l\u00e1tin ver\u00f0i \u00ed t\u00e9 a\u00f0sta\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00cdslandi til varnar landinu og \u00fear me\u00f0 einnig til varnar sv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed, sem Nor\u00f0urAtlantshafssamningurinn tekur til, me\u00f0 sameiginlega vi\u00f0leitni a\u00f0ila Nor\u00f0urAtlantshafssamningsins til a\u00f0 var\u00f0veita fri\u00f0 og \u00f6ryggi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sv\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir augum. Samningur s\u00e1, sem h\u00e9r fer \u00e1 eftir, hefur veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ur samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessum tilm\u00e6lum.<\/em><\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessu er varnarsamningurinn bygg\u00f0ur \u00e1 NATO-samningnum og ger\u00f0ur a\u00f0 undirlagi NATO.<\/p>\n

\u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 1. gr. varnarsamningsins sta\u00f0festa enn frekar samspil hans vi\u00f0 NATO. \u00dear segir:<\/p>\n

Bandar\u00edkin munu fyrir h\u00f6nd Nor\u00f0ur-Atlantshafsbandalagsins og samkv\u00e6mt skuldbindingum \u00feeim, sem \u00feau hafa tekist \u00e1 hendur me\u00f0 Nor\u00f0urAtlantshafssamningnum, gera r\u00e1\u00f0stafanir til varnar \u00cdslandi me\u00f0 \u00feeim skilyr\u00f0um, sem greinir \u00ed samningi \u00feessum. \u00cd \u00feessu skyni og me\u00f0 varnir \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed, sem Nor\u00f0urAtlantshafssamningurinn tekur til, fyrir augum, l\u00e6tur \u00cdsland \u00ed t\u00e9 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00ed landinu, sem b\u00e1\u00f0ir a\u00f0ilar eru \u00e1s\u00e1ttir um, a\u00f0 s\u00e9 nau\u00f0synleg<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Eftir or\u00f0anna hlj\u00f3\u00f0an felur skuldbindingin \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin taka a\u00f0 s\u00e9r varnir \u00cdslands fyrir h\u00f6nd NATO og er \u00feetta \u00fev\u00ed lykilatri\u00f0i \u00ed a\u00f0 NATO gegni hlutverki s\u00ednu \u00e1 nor\u00f0ur Atlantshafi, eins og samt\u00f6kin voru stofnu\u00f0 til. Tilvist varnarsamningsins er \u00feannig samkv\u00e6mt b\u00e1\u00f0um tilvitnu\u00f0um \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um n\u00e1tengd a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands a\u00f0 NATO, en ekki algj\u00f6rlega fr\u00edstandandi samningur tveggja r\u00edkja, \u00fe.e. \u00cdslands og Bandar\u00edkjanna. M\u00e1 minna \u00e1 a\u00f0 st\u00f3r hluti af \u00fatf\u00e6rslu varnarsamningsins var lengst af vera bandar\u00edsks herli\u00f0s \u00e1 \u00cdslandi allt til 2006 er Bandar\u00edkjamenn dr\u00f3gu allt herli\u00f0 sitt til baka fr\u00e1 \u00cdslandi og \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar \u00feess var sami\u00f0 \u00e1 vettvangi NATO um reglubundna lofr\u00fdmisg\u00e6slu yfir \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n

R\u00f6ksemdir sem koma fram \u00ed \u201csamkomulagi\u201d Bandar\u00edkjanna vi\u00f0 \u00cdslendinga v\u00edsa sk\u00fdrlega til \u00feess a\u00f0 ge\u00f3p\u00f3lit\u00edskar \u00e1herslur Bandar\u00edkjanna hef\u00f0u f\u00e6rst \u00e1 a\u00f0ra hluta heimsins enda l\u00e6gju herna\u00f0arlegir hagsmunir Bandar\u00edkjanna annars sta\u00f0ar og kannski \u00fe\u00e1 helst \u00ed Mi\u00f0austurl\u00f6ndum, en \u00fear h\u00e1\u00f0u \u00feeir j\u00fa str\u00ed\u00f0 gegn hry\u00f0juverkum, sem svo var kalla\u00f0. Kannski s\u00fdnir \u00feetta betur en anna\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera bandar\u00edsks herli\u00f0s \u00e1 \u00cdslandi\u00a0 r\u00e9\u00f0st af mati Bandar\u00edkjamanna \u00e1 \u00feeirra \u00e1 eigin hagsmunum \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um fremur en varnarhagsmunum og \u00f6ryggi \u00cdslendinga sj\u00e1lfra e\u00f0a skuldbindingum \u00feeirra samkv\u00e6mt NATO samningnum.<\/p>\n

Flj\u00f3tlega kom reyndar \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 \u00feetta var t\u00e6past skynsamleg \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un hj\u00e1 Bush og f\u00e9l\u00f6gum, enda eru umsvif\u00a0\u00a0 Bandar\u00edkjamanna a\u00f0 aukast aftur samkv\u00e6mt varnasamningum \u00e1 grundvelli eins konar vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 varnasamninginn fr\u00e1 2016 og 2017. \u00cd \u00feeim er viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 breyttum strateg\u00edskum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um \u00e1 nor\u00f0urhveli.<\/p>\n

Lokaor\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fyrir ekki svo l\u00f6ngu voru \u00feessir samningar, einkum s\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0arnefndi, til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum og margt \u00ed umgj\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00feeirra og \u00fev\u00ed hvernig \u00feeir voru ger\u00f0ir sem t\u00f3nar ekki vel vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 \u00fear eru bandar\u00edskum yfirv\u00f6ldum fengnar heimildir til umsvifa h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem hv\u00edla \u00e1 veikum lagagrundvelli og sem falla mj\u00f6g illa a\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0u um fullveldi \u00cdslands eins og h\u00fan hefur \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00a0\u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1rum, einkum \u00feegar um n\u00e1nara samstarf \u00cdslands vi\u00f0 vina- og samstarfs\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. Einhverra hluta vegna hafa \u00feessir samningar vi\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin ekki veri\u00f0 r\u00e6ddir \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00feessu samhengi \u00e1 me\u00f0an andst\u00e6\u00f0ingar t\u00falka n\u00e1nari Evr\u00f3pusamvinnu sem \u00e1s\u00e6lni Evr\u00f3pulanda \u00ed a\u00f0 drottna yfir \u00edslenskum au\u00f0lindum og \u00f6\u00f0rum hagsmunum. \u00deeir hinir vir\u00f0ast l\u00edta \u00e1 svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkjamenn hafi aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti fyrst og fremst hagsmuni \u00cdslendinga sj\u00e1lfra a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um alveg s\u00e9rstakir vinir Bandar\u00edkjamanna sem eigi s\u00e9rstakan sta\u00f0 \u00ed hj\u00f6rtum \u00feeirra. \u00dev\u00ed beri \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir allt a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa Bandar\u00edkin fremur sem fer\u00f0af\u00e9laga um lendur al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la en hi\u00f0 vi\u00f0sj\u00e1rver\u00f0a Evr\u00f3pusamband.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g skil \u00feetta \u00e1litam\u00e1l eftir hj\u00e1 \u00e1heyrendum enda eru \u00feetta m\u00edn lokaor\u00f0. Vona a\u00f0 \u00feessi s\u00f6gulegi inngangur gagnist fyrir umr\u00e6\u00f0una sem \u00e1 eftir fer.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g \u00feakka \u00e1heyrnina.<\/p>\n

H\u00f6fundur er pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti vi\u00f0 lagadeild HA<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Erindi flutt 28. ma\u00ed sl. \u00e1 opnum fundi \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri undir yfirskriftinni Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed breyttum heimi og \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l \u00ed n\u00fdju al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamhengi. Fundastj\u00f3ri, utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, rektor og a\u00f0rir gestir. Inngangur Vel fer \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1298,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"link","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[759],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-link","hentry","category-oflokkad","post_format-post-format-link"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1298"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1070"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1084,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions\/1084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}