\u00de\u00f3f er g\u00f6mul a\u00f0fer\u00f0 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 verka ull me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 velkja henni til og fr\u00e1 upp \u00far bl\u00f6ndu af k\u00faahlandi og heitu vatni. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9tta ullina svo h\u00fan einangra\u00f0i betur. Konur voru gjarnan \u00fe\u00e6farar, sem kalla\u00f0 var, og \u00fe\u00e6f\u00f0u margar saman og sungu s\u00e9rstaka \u00fe\u00e6faras\u00f6ngva \u00feegar vel l\u00e1 \u00e1 \u00feeim. \u00deessi i\u00f0ja mun hafa veri\u00f0 nokkurt strit, en markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u00fe\u00e9tta ull a\u00f0 prj\u00f3na \u00far hl\u00fd og g\u00f3\u00f0 kl\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>\n
M\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3f er a\u00f0 sama skapi aldag\u00f6mul a\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u00ed stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lum sem felst \u00ed velkja m\u00e1lum fram og til baka \u00ed bl\u00f6ndu af fro\u00f0usnakki og almennu r\u00f6fli. M\u00e1l\u00fe\u00e6farar starfa \u00fdmist einir me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 halda langar r\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00fear sem \u00feeir tala \u00ed hring eftir hring t\u00edmunum saman, en a\u00f0rir starfa saman a\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fi \u00fear sem \u00feeir tala \u00fe\u00e1 vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfa sig \u00ed formi andsvara vi\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0um hver annars. \u00cd hinu s\u00ed\u00f0ara tilviki m\u00e1 af vefmyndav\u00e9lum r\u00e1\u00f0a a\u00f0 i\u00f0kendur hrings\u00f3la talsvert \u00ed kringum r\u00e6\u00f0up\u00falt \u00fea\u00f0 sem nota\u00f0 er til \u00fe\u00f3fsins hverju sinni. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 er a\u00f0 reyna \u00e1 \u00feolrif r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnar og stj\u00f3rnar\u00feingmanna \u00fear til brestur og r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn dregur frumvarp til baka, a.m.k. a\u00f0 svo st\u00f6ddu. Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um er markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00e6last me\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0uh\u00f6ldum fyrir l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islega kj\u00f6rnum meirihluta og helst st\u00f6\u00f0va m\u00e1l, jafnvel hin mestu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00ferifam\u00e1l. Hafa m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00e6farar oft hina mestu skemmtan af \u00feessari i\u00f0ju sinni og skiptir \u00fe\u00e1 litlu \u00fe\u00f3tt enginn s\u00e9 a\u00f0 hlusta. Skiptar sko\u00f0anir eru um \u00e1g\u00e6ti m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fs.<\/p>\n
\u00cd ensku m\u00e1li er nota\u00f0 um m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00e6fara or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201efilibuster\u201c. Uppruni \u00feessa or\u00f0s er \u00f3lj\u00f3s. \u00de\u00f3 skal bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 franska or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201efilibustier\u201c (sp\u00e6nska filibustero) var nota\u00f0 um sj\u00f3r\u00e6ningja sem herju\u00f0u \u00e1 strendur Sp\u00e1nar um mi\u00f0ja 19 \u00f6ld. Enska or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201efilibuster\u201c skapar \u00fev\u00ed \u00feau hugrenningatengsl a\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3f s\u00e9 eins konar r\u00e1nskapur og veri\u00f0 s\u00e9 a\u00f0 herja \u00e1 r\u00e6\u00f0up\u00falt \u00ed \u00feingh\u00fasum l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00edkja til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 tiltekin m\u00e1l n\u00e1i fram a\u00f0 ganga. Sagan geymir fr\u00e1sagnir af \u00fdmsum fr\u00e6gum m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00e6furum sem hafa me\u00f0 m\u00e1lbein sitt eitt a\u00f0 vopni h\u00e1\u00f0 hetjulega bar\u00e1ttu gegn hinum mestu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00ferifam\u00e1lum.<\/p>\n
Fr\u00e6gasti m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00e6fari R\u00f3maveldis var Kat\u00f3 yngri (Cato Minor) (95 til 46 f.kr.) sem \u00e1tti s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00f6ldungar\u00e1\u00f0inu \u00ed R\u00f3m (Senatus). Hann var afabarn Kat\u00f3s gamla (Marcus Porcius Cato) sem fr\u00e6gur er \u00ed s\u00f6gunni fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1stagast \u00e1 fundum \u00f6ldungar\u00e1\u00f0sins \u00e1 nau\u00f0syn \u00feess a\u00f0 leggja Kar\u00feag\u00f3 \u00ed ey\u00f0i, en hann \u00f3tta\u00f0ist um st\u00f3rveldishagsmuni R\u00f3mverja vi\u00f0 Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhaf \u00ed bland vi\u00f0 si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilega vandl\u00e6tingu s\u00edna \u00e1 h\u00e1tterni manna \u00fear \u00ed borg. Kat\u00f3 yngri var hlynntur st\u00f3uspekinni \u00e1 sinni t\u00ed\u00f0, en hatur hans \u00e1 J\u00fal\u00edusi Caesar kom \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 hann g\u00e6ti tileinka\u00f0 s\u00e9r mikilv\u00e6gasta prinsipp \u00feeirrar heimspekistefnu, hina st\u00f3\u00edsku r\u00f3. Fr\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 Kat\u00f3 yngri \u00fe\u00e6f\u00f0i gjarnan m\u00e1l ef hann var \u00e1 m\u00f3ti l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f sem til umr\u00e6\u00f0u var \u00ed \u00f6ldungar\u00e1\u00f0inu, einkum ef h\u00fan var a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i Caesars. \u00cd sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 taka till\u00f6gum Caesars me\u00f0 st\u00f3\u00edskri r\u00f3 h\u00f3f hann gjarnan m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3f \u00e1rla morguns og linnti eigi fyrr en s\u00f3l hneig til vi\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n
\u00c1ri\u00f0 59 f.kr. tala\u00f0i Caesar fyrir l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f sem ger\u00f0i r\u00edkum landeigendum a\u00f0 afhenda land til f\u00e1t\u00e6kari borgara R\u00f3mar, en \u00fe\u00e1 h\u00f6f\u00f0u m\u00e1l \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00feannig a\u00f0 landareignir h\u00f6f\u00f0u safnast \u00e1 f\u00e1rra hendur og landlaus og allslaus m\u00fagurinn streymdi til R\u00f3marborgar. \u00deessari \u00fer\u00f3un vildi Caesar sn\u00faa vi\u00f0. Samhli\u00f0a \u00feessu lag\u00f0i hann til a\u00f0 r\u00edki\u00f0 keypti upp lausar jar\u00f0ir og sett yr\u00f0i upp nefnd sem s\u00e6i um a\u00f0 dreifa j\u00f6r\u00f0unum til hinna eignalausu. Kat\u00f3 yngri h\u00f3ta\u00f0i a\u00f0 ey\u00f0ileggja m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6ldungar\u00e1\u00f0inu me\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fi og tala \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed drep. Reiddist \u00fe\u00e1 Caesar \u00e1kaflega og skipa\u00f0i svo fyrir a\u00f0 Kat\u00f3 yngri skyldi handtekinn. Upp\u00feot var\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6ldungar\u00e1\u00f0inu og h\u00e6tti Caesar vi\u00f0 handt\u00f6kuna og lag\u00f0i frumvarpi\u00f0 \u00feess \u00ed sta\u00f0 fyrir samkomu almennings sem sam\u00feykkti \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n
Af Kat\u00f3 yngri er \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 fr\u00e9tta a\u00f0 hann h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3f og t\u00f3kst a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00e6last fyrir m\u00f6rgum fleiri g\u00f3\u00f0um m\u00e1lum me\u00f0an hann lif\u00f0i. Er hann af sumum fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00f6nnum talinn mesti \u00fevergir\u00f0ingur R\u00f3maveldis hins forna.<\/p>\n
H\u00f6fundur er pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00de\u00f3f er g\u00f6mul a\u00f0fer\u00f0 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 verka ull me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 velkja henni til og fr\u00e1 upp \u00far bl\u00f6ndu af k\u00faahlandi og heitu vatni. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9tta ullina svo h\u00fan einangra\u00f0i betur. Konur voru gjarnan \u00fe\u00e6farar, sem kalla\u00f0 var, … Continue reading