ESB hefur um \u00e1ratugaskei\u00f0 haft \u00e1kve\u00f0na s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u sem vettvangur fyrir samstarf r\u00edkja. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er s\u00fa a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 er ekki hef\u00f0bundin al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0astofnun. \u00deetta s\u00e9st best \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig samstarfi\u00f0 er byggt upp. \u00c1 sumum svi\u00f0um deila r\u00edkin raunverulegu valdi me\u00f0 sameiginlegum stofnunum, en \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum halda \u00feau fast \u00ed sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9tt sinn og taka \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir sameiginlega, oft me\u00f0 einr\u00f3ma sam\u00feykki.<\/p>\n
\u00deetta \u00fatsk\u00fdrir l\u00edka hvers vegna umr\u00e6\u00f0an um sambandi\u00f0 virkar oft ruglingsleg og fl\u00f3kin \u00fev\u00ed erfitt er a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa lagalegu e\u00f0a p\u00f3lit\u00edsku e\u00f0li \u00feess me\u00f0 einu hugtaki sem n\u00e6r utan um starfsemi \u00feess \u00ed heild.<\/p>\n
\u00c1 tilteknum svi\u00f0um hafa a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki ESB \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 ganga lengra en almennt gerist \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamstarfi og deila hluta af r\u00edkisvaldi s\u00ednu me\u00f0 sameiginlegum stofnunum sem geta sett reglur sem eru bindandi og gilda beint innan r\u00edkjanna sj\u00e1lfra.<\/p>\n
\u00cd fr\u00e6\u00f0unum er \u00fev\u00ed l\u00fdst svo a\u00f0 ESB hafi yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt vald, einkum \u00e1 svi\u00f0i innri marka\u00f0arins. \u00dear er markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 skapa eitt sameiginlegt efnahagssv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fear sem v\u00f6rur, \u00fej\u00f3nusta, fj\u00e1rmagn og f\u00f3lk geta flust frj\u00e1lst milli landa. Til a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt kerfi virki \u00feurfa reglurnar a\u00f0 vera samr\u00e6mdar og gilda jafnt alls sta\u00f0ar og me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\n
\u00deess vegna hafa stofnanir ESB fengi\u00f0 heimild til a\u00f0 setja reglur \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i. Framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn Evr\u00f3pusambandsins leggur fram till\u00f6gur, en Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingi\u00f0 og R\u00e1\u00f0herrar\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 taka endanlegar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir. Oft er \u00fea\u00f0 gert me\u00f0 meirihluta, ekki einr\u00f3ma sam\u00feykki. \u00deannig geta einst\u00f6k r\u00edki or\u00f0i\u00f0 bundin af reglum sem \u00feau studdu ekki sj\u00e1lf.<\/p>\n
Anna\u00f0 sem skilur samstarfi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 hef\u00f0bundnu millir\u00edkjasamstarfi er a\u00f0 ESB reglur geta haft bein \u00e1hrif \u00ed a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjunum og ganga jafnvel framar landsl\u00f6gum ef \u00e1rekstur ver\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n
D\u00f3mst\u00f3ll Evr\u00f3pusambandsins hefur m\u00f3ta\u00f0 \u00feessar meginreglur og tryggt a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r s\u00e9u virtar. \u00deetta er kjarninn \u00ed\u00a0yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu\u00a0e\u00f0li ESB: reglur innri marka\u00f0arins eru lifandi sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ur r\u00e9ttur sem hefur bein \u00e1hrif \u00e1 borgarana sem b\u00faa \u00ed a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum \u00feess.<\/p>\n
Evran er einnig d\u00e6mi um yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt samstarf, en h\u00fan er sameiginlegur gjaldmi\u00f0ill \u00feeirra a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkja sem hafa vali\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka upp hina sameiginlegu peningastefnu. \u00deannig hafa \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir um vexti, peningamagn \u00ed umfer\u00f0 o.fl. veri\u00f0 \u00ed a\u00f0alatri\u00f0um f\u00e6r\u00f0ar fr\u00e1 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjunum til Evr\u00f3pska Se\u00f0labankans, sem tekur \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir fyrir allt\u00a0evrusv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00de\u00f3tt ekki hafi \u00f6ll\u00a0a\u00f0ildar\u00edkin\u00a0\u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka upp evru, er erfitt a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 annarri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u en a\u00f0 vald Evr\u00f3pska Se\u00f0labankans s\u00e9 yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt fyrir \u00feau r\u00edki sem hana hafa teki\u00f0 upp, \u00fe\u00f3tt r\u00edkisfj\u00e1rm\u00e1l og skattastefna s\u00e9u enn a\u00f0 mestu \u00e1 forr\u00e6\u00f0i einstakra r\u00edkja.<\/p>\n
\u00de\u00f3tt \u00cdsland s\u00e9 ekki a\u00f0ili a\u00f0 ESB er landi\u00f0 engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur hluti af innri marka\u00f0num \u00ed gegnum EES-samninginn. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 \u00cdsland tekur upp st\u00f3ran hluta af reglum ESB \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i og tryggir a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r gildi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. Me\u00f0 \u00feessu hefur \u00cdsland tryggt s\u00e9r marka\u00f0sa\u00f0gang a\u00f0 einu af st\u00e6rstu hagkerfum heimsins.<\/p>\n
\u00cd reynd eru skyldurnar a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ar og hj\u00e1 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum ESB a\u00f0 fr\u00e1t\u00f6ldum reglum \u00e1 svi\u00f0i sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegs og landb\u00fana\u00f0ar sem ekki eru hluti EES. \u00de\u00e1 er \u00cdsland ekki hluti af sameiginlegri vi\u00f0skiptastefnu EB og ekki\u00a0\u00fe\u00e1tttakandi\u00a0\u00ed tollabandalaginu. A\u00f0 \u00feessu fr\u00e1t\u00f6ldu liggur munurinn liggur fyrst og fremst \u00ed hvernig reglurnar ver\u00f0a hluti af landsr\u00e9tti. \u00cd ESB geta \u00fe\u00e6r haft bein r\u00e9ttar\u00e1hrif, en \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00fearf a\u00f0 innlei\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r \u00ed gegnum innlendar stofnanir \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00fe\u00e6r f\u00e1 sl\u00edk r\u00e9ttar\u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n
Mikilv\u00e6gur munur er l\u00edka s\u00e1 a\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki ESB taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00f3ta reglurnar fr\u00e1 upphafi. \u00cdsland gerir \u00fea\u00f0 ekki me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti, en \u00fearf engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur a\u00f0 innlei\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r og tryggja \u00feeim gildi \u00ed landsr\u00e9tti.<\/p>\n
\u00deegar liti\u00f0 er \u00fat fyrir innri marka\u00f0inn breytist myndin. \u00de\u00e1 l\u00edkist samstarfi\u00f0 \u00ed ESB meira hef\u00f0bundnu millir\u00edkjasamstarfi, \u00fear sem r\u00edkin halda \u00ed a\u00f0alatri\u00f0um \u00e1fram a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a f\u00f6r og \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir byggjast \u00e1 samkomulagi \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n
\u00deetta \u00e1 til d\u00e6mis vi\u00f0 um utanr\u00edkis- og \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l. \u00dear er meginreglan s\u00fa a\u00f0 allar mikilv\u00e6gar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir \u00feurfa sam\u00feykki allra a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkja. \u00cd raun hefur hvert r\u00edki \u00fev\u00ed neitunarvald. Yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt hlutverk stofnana ESB er einnig takmarka\u00f0ra \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i. Framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn Evr\u00f3pusambandsins hefur ekki sama frumkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt og \u00e1 svi\u00f0i innri marka\u00f0arins, Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingi\u00f0 hefur minni \u00e1hrif og l\u00f6gsaga d\u00f3mst\u00f3ls ESB takm\u00f6rku\u00f0.<\/p>\n
\u00cd sta\u00f0 bindandi laga sn\u00fdst samstarfi\u00f0 \u00e1 svi\u00f0i utanr\u00edkis- og \u00f6ryggism\u00e1la frekar um a\u00f0 samr\u00e6ma stefnu og taka sameiginlegar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir \u00feegar samsta\u00f0a n\u00e6st. Svipu\u00f0 sta\u00f0a er uppi \u00ed varnarm\u00e1lum. \u00de\u00f3tt ESB hafi \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 samstarf \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed svi\u00f0i, stj\u00f3rna r\u00edkin eigin herafla, ef \u00feau hafa \u00e1 anna\u00f0 bor\u00f0 her. \u00de\u00e1tttaka \u00ed a\u00f0ger\u00f0um er er \u00e1 forr\u00e6\u00f0i r\u00edkja og enginn eiginlegur ESB-her er til sta\u00f0ar og f\u00e1tt sem bendir til a\u00f0 svo ver\u00f0i \u00ed br\u00e1\u00f0.<\/p>\n
\u00de\u00e1tttaka \u00cdslands \u00ed \u00feessu samstarfi hefur engin\u00a0\u00e1hrif\u00a0\u00e1 a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands a\u00f0\u00a0NATO\u00a0enda er yfirgn\u00e6fandi meirihluti a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkja ESB l\u00edka \u00ed\u00a0NATO\u00a0og m\u00f6rg \u00feeirra hafa gert s\u00e9rstaka samninga vi\u00f0 Bandar\u00edkin a\u00f0 auki um samstarf \u00e1 svi\u00f0i herna\u00f0ar og varnarm\u00e1la, r\u00e9tt eins og \u00cdsland. \u00deetta getur \u00fev\u00ed vel fari\u00f0 saman.<\/p>\n
Samstarfi\u00f0 \u00e1 svi\u00f0i utanr\u00edkis-, \u00f6ryggis- og varnarm\u00e1la l\u00edkist \u00fev\u00ed fyrst og fremst hef\u00f0bundnu varnarsamstarfi milli r\u00edkja, sem r\u00edki \u00e1kve\u00f0a a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed. \u00de\u00f3 skal bent \u00e1 a\u00f0\u00a0\u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1rum hefur aukist umr\u00e6\u00f0a um n\u00e1nara og d\u00fdpra samstarf \u00e1 \u00feessum svi\u00f0um \u00e1 vettvangi ESB.<\/p>\n
\u00c1 fleiri svi\u00f0um m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 r\u00edkin halda fast \u00ed sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9tt sinn. \u00deetta \u00e1 til d\u00e6mis vi\u00f0 um skattam\u00e1l. \u00de\u00f3tt ESB hafi sett \u00e1kve\u00f0nar reglur, til d\u00e6mis um vir\u00f0isaukaskatt, eru beinir skattar enn a\u00f0 mestu \u00ed h\u00f6ndum r\u00edkjanna. Mikilv\u00e6g m\u00e1l krefjast oft einr\u00f3ma sam\u00feykkis, sem styrkir st\u00f6\u00f0u r\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n
Sama m\u00e1 segja um velfer\u00f0arm\u00e1l, heilbrig\u00f0is\u00fej\u00f3nustu og menntakerfi. \u00dear hefur ESB fyrst og fremst stu\u00f0ningshlutverk ef r\u00edki vilja stu\u00f0ning. ESB getur hvatt til samstarfs \u00e1 \u00feessum svi\u00f0um og sett \u00e1kve\u00f0in vi\u00f0mi\u00f0, en r\u00edkin bera \u00e1fram \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 kerfunum sj\u00e1lfum.<\/p>\n
\u00c1 svi\u00f0i l\u00f6greglu- og d\u00f3msm\u00e1la er myndin fl\u00f3knari. \u00dear hefur samstarfi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 meiri sam\u00fe\u00e6ttingu, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed bar\u00e1ttu gegn al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legri gl\u00e6pastarfsemi. Samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur halda r\u00edkin \u00e1fram mikilv\u00e6gu sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 refsir\u00e9tti r\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n
Eitt \u00feekktasta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i er\u00a0Schengen-samstarfi\u00f0, sem \u00cdsland tekur n\u00fa \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed. \u00dear er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a samstarf um landam\u00e6raeftirlit og l\u00f6gg\u00e6slu yfir landam\u00e6ri, en \u00e1byrg\u00f0in er engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur a\u00f0 mestu leyti \u00ed h\u00f6ndum r\u00edkjanna sj\u00e1lfra.<\/p>\n
\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 ESB hafi yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt vald \u00e1\u00a0\u00e1kve\u00f0num afm\u00f6rku\u00f0um svi\u00f0um<\/em>\u00a0er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 grunnurinn a\u00f0 samstarfinu er alltaf vilji a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna, enda hefur ESB ekki valdheimildir a\u00f0rar en \u00fe\u00e6r sem a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa fengi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed. Allar breytingar \u00e1 sambandinu sem einhverju var\u00f0a krefjast sam\u00feykkis allra a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n Breytingar \u00e1 stofns\u00e1ttm\u00e1lum ESB \u00feurfa einr\u00f3ma sam\u00feykki og fara \u00ed gegnum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feing e\u00f0a \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slur \u00ed hverju landi. \u00deegar allt kemur til alls, eru \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 lokum a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin sem r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed hversu langt samstarfi\u00f0 gengur.<\/p>\n Af framangreindu lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 ESB er \u00ed raun blanda af\u00a0yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu\u00a0kerfi og hef\u00f0bundnu millir\u00edkjasamstarfi. \u00c1 svi\u00f0um \u00fear sem samr\u00e6ming er talin nau\u00f0synleg, ekki s\u00edst me\u00f0 tilliti til r\u00e9ttarst\u00f6\u00f0u einstaklinga og a\u00f0ila \u00ed atvinnurekstri, eins og \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00e1 innri marka\u00f0num, hafa r\u00edkin sam\u00feykkt a\u00f0 deila valdi me\u00f0 ESB og heimila stofnunum a\u00f0 setja reglur sem f\u00e1 beint gildi. \u00c1 \u00f6\u00f0rum svi\u00f0um, sem segja m\u00e1 a\u00f0 snerti kjarna fullveldis \u00ed r\u00edkara m\u00e6li, halda \u00feau hins vegar um stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6linn sj\u00e1lf. \u00de\u00e1 hafa \u00feau fullt forr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00f6llum m\u00e1lefnum sem falla utan ESB samstarfsins.<\/p>\n \u00deetta jafnv\u00e6gi er ekki tilviljun, enda endurspeglar \u00fea\u00f0 raunverulegan vilja r\u00edkjanna til a\u00f0 vinna saman \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 skilar \u00e1vinningi, \u00e1n \u00feess \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 ganga of langt \u00ed a\u00f0 afsala s\u00e9r stj\u00f3rn eigin m\u00e1lefna umfram \u00fea\u00f0 sem samstarfi\u00f0 krefst til a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00e1i tilgangi s\u00ednum.<\/p>\n H\u00f6fundur er h\u00e6star\u00e9ttarl\u00f6gma\u00f0ur.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ESB hefur um \u00e1ratugaskei\u00f0 haft \u00e1kve\u00f0na s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u sem vettvangur fyrir samstarf r\u00edkja. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er s\u00fa a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 er ekki hef\u00f0bundin al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0astofnun. \u00deetta s\u00e9st best \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig samstarfi\u00f0 er byggt upp. \u00c1 sumum svi\u00f0um deila r\u00edkin raunverulegu valdi me\u00f0 sameiginlegum … Continue reading A\u00f0 lokum<\/em><\/h3>\n