\u00deegar r\u00e6tt er um hugsanlega a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu heyrast \u00feau sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00fan geti veri\u00f0 til \u00feess fallin a\u00f0 veikja st\u00f6\u00f0u laun\u00feega og samtaka \u00feeirra. \u00deetta stenst \u00fe\u00f3 ekki vel \u00feegar liti\u00f0 er til \u00feeirrar r\u00e9ttarverndar sem \u00fer\u00f3ast hefur innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins og fj\u00f6lbreytileika vinnumarka\u00f0skerfa a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n
\u00cd ESB-r\u00e9tti er a\u00f0 finna \u00fdmsar reglur sem var\u00f0a st\u00f6\u00f0u laun\u00feega og laun\u00feegahreyfinga, me\u00f0al annars um vinnuvernd, vinnut\u00edma, hv\u00edld, jafnr\u00e9tti, bann vi\u00f0 mismunun, uppl\u00fdsingar og samr\u00e1\u00f0 \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0, h\u00f3puppsagnir, r\u00e9ttindi starfsmanna vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ilaskipti a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kjum og foreldraorlof. \u00c1 m\u00f6rgum svi\u00f0um geta a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki sett reglur sem veita launaf\u00f3lki meiri vernd en \u00fe\u00e6r l\u00e1gmarkskr\u00f6fur sem lei\u00f0a af ESB-r\u00e9tti, a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed gefnu a\u00f0 reglurnar samr\u00fdmist s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lum og \u00f6\u00f0rum reglum sambandsins.<\/p>\n
S\u00e1ttm\u00e1li Evr\u00f3pusambandsins um grundvallarr\u00e9ttindi hefur fr\u00e1 gildist\u00f6ku Lissabon-s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans \u00e1ri\u00f0 2009 sama lagagildi og stofns\u00e1ttm\u00e1lar sambandsins og er hluti af frumr\u00e9tti \u00feess. \u00cd IV. b\u00e1lki s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans, sem ber yfirskriftina \u201eSamsta\u00f0a\u201c, er m\u00e6lt fyrir um mikilv\u00e6g r\u00e9ttindi launaf\u00f3lks. \u00dear er me\u00f0al annars kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um r\u00e9tt til uppl\u00fdsinga og samr\u00e1\u00f0s \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0, r\u00e9tt til kjarasamninga og sameiginlegra a\u00f0ger\u00f0a, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al verkfallsa\u00f0ger\u00f0a, vernd gegn \u00f3r\u00e9ttm\u00e6tum upps\u00f6gnum \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 r\u00e9tt sambandsins og landsl\u00f6g og venju og r\u00e9tt til sanngjarnra og heiln\u00e6mra vinnuskilyr\u00f0a, takmarka\u00f0s vinnut\u00edma, hv\u00edldar og launa\u00f0s orlofs.<\/p>\n
\u00cd 28. grein s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans er vi\u00f0urkenndur r\u00e9ttur launaf\u00f3lks og atvinnurekenda, e\u00f0a samtaka \u00feeirra, til a\u00f0 semja um og gera kjarasamninga og, \u00feegar \u00e1greiningur er um kaup og kj\u00f6r, gr\u00edpa til sameiginlegra a\u00f0ger\u00f0a til a\u00f0 verja hagsmuni s\u00edna, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al verkfallsa\u00f0ger\u00f0a. R\u00e9tturinn er bundinn \u00feeim skilyr\u00f0um sem lei\u00f0a af r\u00e9tti Evr\u00f3pusambandsins og landsl\u00f6gum og venjum, en \u00fea\u00f0 breytir ekki \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kjarasamningar og sameiginlegar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir nj\u00f3ta verndar \u00ed r\u00e9ttarkerfi sambandsins.<\/p>\n
EES-samningurinn hefur \u00feegar f\u00e6rt \u00edslenskum laun\u00feegum verulegan hluta \u00feeirrar vinnur\u00e9ttarverndar sem \u00fer\u00f3ast hefur innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins. Reglur um me\u00f0al annars vinnuvernd, vinnut\u00edma, jafnr\u00e9tti, bann vi\u00f0 mismunun, h\u00f3puppsagnir, r\u00e9ttindi starfsmanna vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ilaskipti a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kjum, foreldraorlof og uppl\u00fdsingar og samr\u00e1\u00f0 \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0 hafa veri\u00f0 teknar upp \u00ed \u00edslenskan r\u00e9tt. S\u00e1ttm\u00e1li Evr\u00f3pusambandsins um grundvallarr\u00e9ttindi er hins vegar ekki hluti af EES-r\u00e9ttinum me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti og hann er hluti af r\u00e9tti a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n
\u00dev\u00ed er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um r\u00f6kum a\u00f0 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu myndi ekki sj\u00e1lfkrafa veikja lagalega st\u00f6\u00f0u launaf\u00f3lks og g\u00e6ti \u00e1 sumum svi\u00f0um styrkt hana me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00edslenskt launaf\u00f3lk nyti beinnar verndar s\u00e1ttam\u00e1la ESB um vernd grundvallarr\u00e9ttindi.<\/p>\n
A\u00f0ilar vinnumarka\u00f0arins \u00e1 \u00cdslandi eiga \u00feegar a\u00f0komu a\u00f0 formlegum samr\u00e1\u00f0s- og r\u00e1\u00f0gjafarvettvangi EFTA og EES. EFTA-r\u00edkin hafa sinn eigin samr\u00e1\u00f0svettvang, EFTA Consultative Committee, \u00fear sem fulltr\u00faar samtaka launaf\u00f3lks og atvinnurekenda fr\u00e1 EFTA-r\u00edkjunum koma sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0um s\u00ednum \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri vi\u00f0 EFTA-stofnanir og taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um m\u00e1lefni sem var\u00f0a me\u00f0al annars EFTA og EES. Jafnframt er EEA Consultative Committee sameiginlegur vettvangur EFTA Consultative Committee og Efnahags- og f\u00e9lagsm\u00e1lanefndar Evr\u00f3pu (EESC). \u00dear koma saman fulltr\u00faar a\u00f0ila vinnumarka\u00f0arins og annarra hagsmunaa\u00f0ila fr\u00e1 EFTA-r\u00edkjunum og Evr\u00f3pusambandinu til a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a efnahagsleg og f\u00e9lagsleg m\u00e1lefni sem tengjast EES-samstarfinu.<\/p>\n
\u00cdslensk verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfing hefur \u00fev\u00ed \u00feegar \u00e1kve\u00f0na formlega a\u00f0komu a\u00f0 evr\u00f3psku samstarfi \u00e1 vettvangi EFTA- og EES, auk \u00feess sem \u00edslensk verkal\u00fd\u00f0ssamt\u00f6k geta teki\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed starfi evr\u00f3pskra regnhl\u00edfarsamtaka, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al ETUC, eftir reglum og a\u00f0ildarfyrirkomulagi vi\u00f0komandi samtaka. \u00deessir m\u00f6guleikar myndu hins vegar aukast og breytast verulega vi\u00f0 fulla ESB-a\u00f0ild. \u00de\u00e1 yr\u00f0i \u00cdsland \u00fe\u00e1tttakandi \u00ed stofnana- og \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarferli ESB og \u00edslenskir fulltr\u00faar a\u00f0ila vinnumarka\u00f0arins g\u00e6tu teki\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed \u00feeim formlega samr\u00e1\u00f0i sem tengist f\u00e9lagsm\u00e1lastefnu ESB.<\/p>\n
\u00cd gegnum svokalla\u00f0an f\u00e9lagslegan samr\u00e1\u00f0svettvang (e.\u00a0European social dialogue<\/em>) koma a\u00f0ilar vinnumarka\u00f0arins a\u00f0 stefnum\u00f3tun og m\u00f3tun reglna me\u00f0al annars me\u00f0 \u00ferennum h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\n \u00cd fyrsta lagi er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a l\u00f6gbundi\u00f0 samr\u00e1\u00f0. Samkv\u00e6mt 154. grein S\u00e1ttm\u00e1la um starfsh\u00e6tti Evr\u00f3pusambandsins (TFEU) ber framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn ESB a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0f\u00e6ra sig vi\u00f0 evr\u00f3pska a\u00f0ila vinnumarka\u00f0arins \u00e1\u00f0ur en h\u00fan leggur fram till\u00f6gur a\u00f0 l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f \u00e1 svi\u00f0i f\u00e9lags- og atvinnum\u00e1la.<\/p>\n \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi geta a\u00f0ilar vinnumarka\u00f0arins sami\u00f0 s\u00edn \u00e1 milli um sameiginlegar reglur samkv\u00e6mt 155. grein s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans um starfsemi ESB. Sl\u00edkir samningar geta, a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0num skilyr\u00f0um uppfylltum og samkv\u00e6mt \u00feeim ferlum sem s\u00e1ttm\u00e1larnir kve\u00f0a \u00e1 um, or\u00f0i\u00f0 grundv\u00f6llur bindandi reglna \u00e1 vettvangi ESB.<\/p>\n \u00cd \u00feri\u00f0ja lagi felst formleg \u00fe\u00e1tttaka \u00ed \u00fdmsum r\u00e1\u00f0gjafar- og samr\u00e1\u00f0snefndum ESB. Vi\u00f0 fulla a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands a\u00f0 ESB fengju \u00edslenskir fulltr\u00faar, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al fulltr\u00faar a\u00f0ila vinnumarka\u00f0arins, s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00feeim stofnunum og nefndum sem a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum er \u00fathluta\u00f0 fulltr\u00faum \u00ed, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al Efnahags- og f\u00e9lagsm\u00e1lanefnd Evr\u00f3pu (EESC).<\/p>\n A\u00f0ild myndi \u00fev\u00ed f\u00e6ra \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld og hagsmunasamt\u00f6k n\u00e6r \u00feeim stofnana- og stefnum\u00f3tunarferlum \u00fear sem sameiginlegar reglur ESB eru m\u00f3ta\u00f0ar. \u00dea\u00f0 myndi skapa \u00edslenskum samt\u00f6kum launaf\u00f3lks fleiri formleg t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 vinna me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum evr\u00f3pskum samt\u00f6kum a\u00f0 m\u00f3tun f\u00e9lags- og vinnumarka\u00f0sstefnu og a\u00f0 g\u00e6slu hagsmuna \u00edslenskra laun\u00feega.<\/p>\n Einnig skiptir m\u00e1li a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 ekki er til eitt sameiginlegt \u201eESB-vinnumarka\u00f0sm\u00f3del\u201c. A\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edk kerfi um f\u00e9lagsa\u00f0ild, kjarasamninga, samskipti a\u00f0ila vinnumarka\u00f0arins og \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku starfsmanna \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um.<\/p>\n \u00c1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum, me\u00f0al annars \u00ed Danm\u00f6rku, Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 og Finnlandi, byggist vinnumarka\u00f0urinn a\u00f0 verulegu leyti \u00e1 sterkum samt\u00f6kum launaf\u00f3lks og atvinnurekenda og v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kum kjarasamningum. \u00dear gegna a\u00f0ilar vinnumarka\u00f0arins sj\u00e1lfir mikilv\u00e6gu hlutverki vi\u00f0 m\u00f3tun kjara.<\/p>\n Austurr\u00edki er anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi um \u00f6flugt og s\u00e9rst\u00e6tt vinnumarka\u00f0skerfi. \u00dear fellur mj\u00f6g st\u00f3r hluti launaf\u00f3lks undir kjarasamninga. Kjarasamningar eru a\u00f0 mestu ger\u00f0ir fyrir heilar atvinnugreinar e\u00f0a \u00e1kve\u00f0na atvinnugeira, fremur en fyrst og fremst fyrir hvert einstakt fyrirt\u00e6ki. Starfsr\u00e1\u00f0 gegna einnig mikilv\u00e6gu hlutverki innan fyrirt\u00e6kja. Kerfi\u00f0 byggist \u00e1 langri hef\u00f0 fyrir skipul\u00f6g\u00f0u samstarfi st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9laga, atvinnurekenda og opinberra stofnana. Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 hefur ekki afnumi\u00f0 \u00feetta fyrirkomulag e\u00f0a samr\u00e6mt \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur kerfi, enda eiga \u00f3l\u00edkar lei\u00f0ir s\u00e9r r\u00e6tur \u00ed s\u00f6gulegum og stofnanalegum hef\u00f0um hvers r\u00edkis.<\/p>\n \u00cd \u00de\u00fdskalandi starfa st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9l\u00f6g og starfsr\u00e1\u00f0 hli\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0, en hlutverk \u00feeirra er \u00f3l\u00edkt. St\u00e9ttarf\u00e9l\u00f6g gera kjarasamninga en starfsr\u00e1\u00f0 hafa l\u00f6gbundin r\u00e9ttindi til uppl\u00fdsinga, samr\u00e1\u00f0s og \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0num m\u00e1lum sam\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unar innan fyrirt\u00e6kja. \u00de\u00fdska kerfi\u00f0 s\u00fdnir \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00e1hrif launaf\u00f3lks geta byggst b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 kjarasamningum og beinni \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku starfsmanna \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unum \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0.<\/p>\n Frakkland s\u00fdnir enn a\u00f0ra mynd. \u00dear er f\u00e9lagsa\u00f0ild a\u00f0 st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9l\u00f6gum mun l\u00e6gri en \u00e1 \u00cdslandi en st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9l\u00f6g hafa engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur veruleg \u00e1hrif og kjarasamningar n\u00e1 til st\u00f3rs hluta vinnumarka\u00f0arins. Mikil verkfallshef\u00f0 og \u00f6flug samt\u00f6k launaf\u00f3lks hafa ekki horfi\u00f0 vegna a\u00f0ildar Frakklands a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu. Margir \u00feekkja \u00e1 fer\u00f0um um Frakkland \u00f3vissuna um hverjir s\u00e9u \u00ed verkfalli. Eru \u00fea\u00f0 lestarstj\u00f3rarnir, hla\u00f0mennirnir, safnver\u00f0irnir, r\u00e6stit\u00e6knarnir \u00e1 h\u00f3telinu e\u00f0a a\u00f0rir sem eru \u00f3missandi ef ma\u00f0ur \u00e1 a\u00f0 geta haldi\u00f0 sig vi\u00f0 fer\u00f0aplani\u00f0? Frakkland s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 l\u00f6ng a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu og \u00f6flug verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfing geta fari\u00f0 saman. \u00deessi d\u00e6mi s\u00fdna a\u00f0 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu lei\u00f0ir ekki til einsleits skipulags st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9laga e\u00f0a ger\u00f0ar kjarasamninga. A\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa vi\u00f0haldi\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edkum og \u00f6flugum vinnumarka\u00f0skerfum innan sameiginlegs lagaramma Evr\u00f3pusambandsins.<\/p>\n A\u00f0 \u00feessu s\u00f6g\u00f0u v\u00e6ri au\u00f0vita\u00f0 rangt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 allt vi\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandsr\u00e9tt e\u00f0a \u00fer\u00f3un hans s\u00e9 hafi\u00f0 yfir gagnr\u00fdni. Spenna getur skapast milli efnahagslegra frelsisr\u00e9ttinda innri marka\u00f0arins og hagsmuna launaf\u00f3lks. \u00deetta \u00feekkjum vi\u00f0 vel \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi.<\/p>\n D\u00f3mar Evr\u00f3pud\u00f3mst\u00f3lsins \u00ed m\u00e1lum eins og Viking Line og Laval eru d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta. \u00dear reyndi \u00e1 m\u00f6rk sameiginlegra a\u00f0ger\u00f0a st\u00e9ttarf\u00e9laga \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e6r h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00e1hrif \u00e1 grundvallarfrelsi innri marka\u00f0arins. D\u00f3marnir voru umdeildir og s\u00e6ttu gagnr\u00fdni fr\u00e1 verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfingunni. S\u00fa gagnr\u00fdni er m\u00e1lefnaleg og s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 \u00fdmislegt m\u00e1 betur fara \u00ed samspili efnahagslegra og f\u00e9lagslegra r\u00e9ttinda innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins. D\u00f3marnir ur\u00f0u jafnframt hluti af \u00feeirri lagalegu og p\u00f3lit\u00edsku umr\u00e6\u00f0u sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar leiddi me\u00f0al annars til breytinga \u00e1 reglum um \u00fatsenda starfsmenn og aukinnar \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 tryggja jafnv\u00e6gi milli reglna innri marka\u00f0arins og verndar launaf\u00f3lks.<\/p>\n En \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00fdnir l\u00edka a\u00f0 evr\u00f3psk verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfing m\u00e6tir \u00feessum \u00e1skorunum af krafti og vinnur st\u00f6\u00f0ugt a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta \u00feetta jafnv\u00e6gi. M\u00e9r vir\u00f0ist \u00fev\u00ed sem full a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu myndi ekki veikja \u00edslenska verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfingu, heldur \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti f\u00e6ra henni n\u00fd verkf\u00e6ri og t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til \u00e1hrifa.<\/p>\n H\u00f6fundur er l\u00f6gma\u00f0ur \u00e1 Thales l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00fej\u00f3nustu og fyrrverandi d\u00f3mari vi\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu<\/em><\/p>\n Upphaflega birt \u00e1 Eyunni\/DV 19. j\u00fal\u00ed 2026<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00deegar r\u00e6tt er um hugsanlega a\u00f0ild \u00cdslands a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu heyrast \u00feau sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00fan geti veri\u00f0 til \u00feess fallin a\u00f0 veikja st\u00f6\u00f0u laun\u00feega og samtaka \u00feeirra. \u00deetta stenst \u00fe\u00f3 ekki vel \u00feegar liti\u00f0 er til \u00feeirrar r\u00e9ttarverndar sem \u00fer\u00f3ast hefur … Continue reading Mismunandi vinnumarka\u00f0skerfi innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Gagnr\u00fdni<\/strong><\/h3>\n