A\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin deila r\u00edkisvaldi a\u00f0 vissu marki me\u00f0 sambandinu. Sumir kj\u00f3sa a\u00f0 tala um framsal r\u00edkisvalds, en \u00feessi or\u00f0alagsmunur skiptir ekki h\u00f6fu\u00f0m\u00e1li h\u00e9r.<\/p>\n
ESB hefur a\u00f0eins \u00fe\u00e6r valdheimildir sem a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa veitt \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed stofns\u00e1ttm\u00e1lunum. Sambandi\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekki r\u00edki \u00ed skilningi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar\u00e9ttar heldur yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt samstarf fullvalda r\u00edkja sem fer a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r valdheimildir sem \u00fev\u00ed hafa veri\u00f0 fengnar. \u00c1 \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum svi\u00f0um fara r\u00edkin \u00e1fram me\u00f0 fullt l\u00f6ggjafar-, framkv\u00e6mdar- og d\u00f3msvald. Al\u00feingi, stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld og d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar myndu \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1fram sinna langst\u00e6rstum hluta \u00feeirra verkefna sem \u00feau sinna n\u00fa \u00feegar.<\/p>\n
L\u00f6ggj\u00f6f ESB sem var\u00f0ar innri marka\u00f0inn er einkum tvenns konar: regluger\u00f0ir og tilskipanir. Einnig eru \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir (decisions) bindandi \u00ed \u00feeim tilvikum sem \u00fe\u00e6r eiga vi\u00f0, en \u00fear sem h\u00e9r er fyrst og fremst horft til reglna um innri marka\u00f0inn ver\u00f0ur ekki fjalla\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaklega um \u00fe\u00e6r.<\/p>\n
Markmi\u00f0 \u00feessarar l\u00f6ggjafar er a\u00f0 tryggja samr\u00e6md r\u00e9ttindi fyrirt\u00e6kja og einstaklinga \u00e1 innri marka\u00f0num, ry\u00f0ja \u00far vegi vi\u00f0skiptahindrunum og stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sanngjarnri samkeppni. L\u00f6ggjafarvaldinu er \u00feannig fyrst og fremst deilt me\u00f0 ESB til a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 innri marka\u00f0urinn starfi me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti \u00ed \u00f6llum a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum.<\/p>\n
H\u00e9r er jafnframt helsti munurinn \u00e1 ESB og EES. Samkv\u00e6mt EES-samningnum ver\u00f0a regluger\u00f0ir ESB ekki hluti \u00edslensks r\u00e9ttar fyrr en \u00fe\u00e6r hafa veri\u00f0 teknar upp \u00ed EES-samninginn me\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un sameiginlegu EES-nefndarinnar og s\u00ed\u00f0an innleiddar \u00ed \u00edslenskan r\u00e9tt. Um tilskipanir gildir \u00ed meginatri\u00f0um sama fyrirkomulag innan EES og ESB; \u00cdslandi ber a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0um \u00feeirra ver\u00f0i n\u00e1\u00f0 en r\u00e6\u00f0ur sj\u00e1lft hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 er gert.<\/p>\n
Vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 ESB hyrfi \u00feessi tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tta innlei\u00f0ing regluger\u00f0a en Al\u00feingi losna\u00f0i jafnframt undan \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa regluger\u00f0ir sem \u00fea\u00f0 getur \u00ed reynd engu breytt um. Hvort \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 p\u00f3lit\u00edskt \u00e6skilegt er matsatri\u00f0i. Fr\u00e1 l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i er \u00feetta einfaldlega hluti af \u00fev\u00ed fyrirkomulagi sem \u00f6ll a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa sam\u00feykkt. A\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati myndi \u00feessi breyting krefjast breytinga \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni, en h\u00fan jafngildir ekki afsali \u00e1 fullveldi \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n
A\u00f0ild a\u00f0 ESB felur einnig \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin deila a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nu marki d\u00f3msvaldi me\u00f0 sambandinu. Innlendir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar fara \u00e1fram me\u00f0 almennt d\u00f3msvald samkv\u00e6mt landsr\u00e9tti, en bera jafnframt \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 beita ESB-r\u00e9tti \u00e1 \u00feeim svi\u00f0um \u00fear sem hann gildir.<\/p>\n
Evr\u00f3pud\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn hefur endanlegt vald til a\u00f0 t\u00falka ESB-r\u00e9tt og tryggja samr\u00e6mda framkv\u00e6md hans. Vi\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur ber innlendum d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum a\u00f0 leita for\u00farskur\u00f0ar hans og er sl\u00edkur \u00farskur\u00f0ur bindandi um t\u00falkun ESB-reglu \u00feeirrar sem \u00ed hlut \u00e1.<\/p>\n
Innan EES gegnir EFTA-d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn samb\u00e6rilegu hlutverki gagnvart EFTA-r\u00edkjunum. \u00cdslenskir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar geta leita\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0gefandi \u00e1lits hans um t\u00falkun EES-r\u00e9ttar. \u00de\u00f3tt sl\u00edk \u00e1lit s\u00e9u formlega ekki bindandi hafa \u00edslenskir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar almennt fylgt \u00feeim til a\u00f0 tryggja samr\u00e6mda t\u00falkun EES-r\u00e9ttar. \u00deegar EFTA-d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn veitir sl\u00edkt r\u00e1\u00f0gefandi \u00e1lit ber honum a\u00f0 taka mi\u00f0 d\u00f3maframkv\u00e6md d\u00f3mst\u00f3ls ESB s\u00e9 h\u00fan fyrir hendi um \u00e1litaefni\u00f0.<\/p>\n
Evr\u00f3pud\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn hefur einnig vald til a\u00f0 skera \u00far um hvort stofnanir ESB hafi haldi\u00f0 sig innan valdheimilda sinna, virt me\u00f0alh\u00f3fs- og n\u00e1l\u00e6g\u00f0arregluna og hvort l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f sambandsins samr\u00e6mist s\u00e1ttm\u00e1la ESB um grundvallarr\u00e9ttindi. \u00deannig takmarkar d\u00f3mst\u00f3ll ESB vald annarra stofnana ESB til a\u00f0 setja reglur og eftirlit me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feeim s\u00e9 framfylgt.<\/p>\n
A\u00f0ild a\u00f0 ESB felur loks \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6mdarvaldinu er deilt \u00e1 \u00feeim svi\u00f0um \u00fear sem sambandi\u00f0 hefur fengi\u00f0 valdheimildir. A\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin bera \u00e1fram \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 framkv\u00e6md laga \u00e1 \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum svi\u00f0um en \u00feeim ber jafnframt a\u00f0 framfylgja ESB-r\u00e9tti me\u00f0 skilvirkum h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\n
Framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn ESB hefur eftirlit me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin uppfylli skyldur s\u00ednar samkv\u00e6mt ESB-r\u00e9tti. Takist ekki a\u00f0 leysa \u00e1greining um \u00e6tla\u00f0 brot getur h\u00fan h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0 samningsbrotam\u00e1l fyrir Evr\u00f3pud\u00f3mst\u00f3lnum sem sker \u00far um hvort a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki hafi vanefnt skyldur s\u00ednar.<\/p>\n
Samb\u00e6rilegt fyrirkomulag gildir \u00feegar innan EES. Eftirlitsstofnun EFTA (ESA) hefur eftirlit me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 EFTA-r\u00edkin uppfylli skuldbindingar s\u00ednar samkv\u00e6mt EES-samningnum. Takist ekki a\u00f0 leysa \u00e1greining getur ESA h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0 samningsbrotam\u00e1l fyrir EFTA-d\u00f3mst\u00f3lnum sem sker \u00far um hvort vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki hafi vanefnt skuldbindingar s\u00ednar samkv\u00e6mt samningnum.<\/p>\n
Meginmunurinn \u00e1 ESB og EES liggur \u00fev\u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00ed eftirlits- og d\u00f3mskerfinu en \u00ed l\u00f6ggjafar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum. Innan ESB hafa regluger\u00f0ir almennt bein r\u00e9ttar\u00e1hrif en samkv\u00e6mt EES-samningnum \u00feurfa \u00fe\u00e6r fyrst a\u00f0 vera teknar upp \u00ed samninginn og s\u00ed\u00f0an innleiddar \u00ed landsr\u00e9tt \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00fe\u00e6r \u00f6\u00f0last lagagildi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. Hafa \u00fearf \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed huga a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt regluger\u00f0ir s\u00e9u innleiddar s\u00e9rstaklega samkv\u00e6mt EES-samningnum hafa Al\u00feingi og stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld \u00ed reynd mj\u00f6g takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 efni \u00feeirra. Vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 ESB myndi \u00cdsland hins vegar taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed m\u00f3tun og sam\u00feykkt reglnanna fr\u00e1 upphafi \u00e1samt \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum.<\/p>\n
\u00cd stuttu m\u00e1li felur a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 ESB \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00cdsland myndi deila afm\u00f6rku\u00f0um \u00fe\u00e1ttum l\u00f6ggjafar-, framkv\u00e6mdar- og d\u00f3msvalds me\u00f0 sambandinu \u00e1 \u00feeim svi\u00f0um sem stofns\u00e1ttm\u00e1larnir taka til og var\u00f0a fyrst og fremst starfsemi innri marka\u00f0arins. A\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti f\u00e6ru \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld \u00e1fram me\u00f0 vald sitt eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n
H\u00f6fundur er l\u00f6gma\u00f0ur \u00e1 Thales l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00fej\u00f3nustu og fyrrverandi d\u00f3mari vi\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Upphaflega birt \u00e1 DV\/Eyjunni 28. j\u00fal\u00ed 2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin deila r\u00edkisvaldi a\u00f0 vissu marki me\u00f0 sambandinu. Sumir kj\u00f3sa a\u00f0 tala um framsal r\u00edkisvalds, en \u00feessi or\u00f0alagsmunur skiptir ekki h\u00f6fu\u00f0m\u00e1li h\u00e9r. ESB hefur a\u00f0eins \u00fe\u00e6r valdheimildir sem a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin hafa veitt \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed … Continue reading