{"id":14,"date":"2014-05-21T18:10:09","date_gmt":"2014-05-21T18:10:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/?p=14"},"modified":"2025-12-31T12:34:41","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T12:34:41","slug":"ad-gjalda-liku-likt-domur-um-tjaningarfrelsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/2014\/05\/21\/ad-gjalda-liku-likt-domur-um-tjaningarfrelsi\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 gjalda l\u00edku l\u00edkt \u2013 d\u00f3mur um tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00deann 17. apr\u00edl 2014 kva\u00f0 Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ll Evr\u00f3pu upp d\u00f3m \u00ed m\u00e1li <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-142424\">Mladina v. Slovenia<\/a>. \u00cd d\u00f3minum, sem var\u00f0ar sk\u00fdringu \u00e1 10. gr. s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans um tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi, \u00fer\u00f3ar d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn frekar d\u00f3maframkv\u00e6md s\u00edna \u00a0var\u00f0andi \u00fea\u00f0 sem kalla m\u00e1 \u201cgagnr\u00fdnsiver\u00f0ar e\u00f0a umdeilanlegar opinberar sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar\u201d. Fyrri d\u00f3mar eru reistir \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem setja fram sl\u00edkar sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar \u00feurfi sj\u00e1lfir b\u00faa sig undir a\u00f0 sl\u00edkum sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingum ver\u00f0i svara\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu mynt og s\u00fdna umbur\u00f0arlyndi gagnvart \u00feeim og una \u00feeim ef svo ber undir. Sem sagt, \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 tj\u00e1ningarfrelsinu, er svigr\u00fam til a\u00f0 gjalda l\u00edku l\u00edkt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cd m\u00e1linu l\u00e1 fyrir t\u00edmaritsgrein \u00fear sem sett var fram \u00f3v\u00e6gin gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 \u00feingmann \u00ed Sloven\u00edu. \u00deingma\u00f0ur \u00feessi var m.a. \u00feekktur fyrir andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenningu \u00e1 r\u00e9ttindum samkynhneig\u00f0ra til a\u00f0 skr\u00e1 samb\u00fa\u00f0 s\u00edna (e\u00f0a ganga \u00ed hj\u00f3naband) undir s\u00f6mu skilyr\u00f0um og gagnkynhneig\u00f0 p\u00f6r. Vi\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00feinginu um lagafrumvarp \u00feessa efnis l\u00fdsti hann sko\u00f0un sinni m.a. me\u00f0 \u00feessum or\u00f0um: \u201cEkkert okkar myndi vilja eiga son e\u00f0a d\u00f3ttur sem veldi \u00feetta samb\u00fa\u00f0arform. Ef \u00feetta \u201cheimilslausa\u201d f\u00f3lk vill fylgja sl\u00f3\u00f0inni til \u00a0Finnlands e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 enn\u00fe\u00e1 lengra, leyfum \u00feeim \u00fe\u00e1 bara a\u00f0 fara \u00feanga\u00f0 til a\u00f0 giftast. En st\u00e6rstu f\u00f3rnarl\u00f6mb sl\u00edks hj\u00f3nabands eru b\u00f6rnin. \u00cd r\u00e6\u00f0unni reyndi a\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00edkja eftir \u00fev\u00ed l\u00e1tbarg\u00f0i og talanda sem hann taldi d\u00e6miger\u00f0an fyrir samkynhneig\u00f0a karlmenn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Af \u00feessu tilefni birti vikut\u00edmariti\u00f0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mladina.si\">Mladina<\/a> grein \u00fear sem framlagi \u00feingmannsins til umr\u00e6\u00f0unnar var m.a. l\u00fdst sem \u201cKaffih\u00fasaeftirl\u00edkingu sem greinilega var \u00e6tla\u00f0 s\u00fdna d\u00e6miger\u00f0a mynd r\u00e9tttr\u00faa\u00f0ra af kvenlegu fasi samkynhneig\u00f0ra manna, en s\u00fdndi \u00ed raun og veru bara d\u00e6miger\u00f0a afst\u00f6\u00f0u heiladau\u00f0s einstaklings sem er svo heppinn a\u00f0 b\u00faa \u00ed landi me\u00f0 svo takmarka\u00f0an mannau\u00f0 a\u00f0 hann getur jafnvel enda\u00f0 sem \u00feingma\u00f0ur, \u00feegar hann \u00ed e\u00f0lilegu landi g\u00e6ti ekki einu sinni or\u00f0i\u00f0 hreinsit\u00e6knir \u00ed me\u00f0alg\u00f3\u00f0um barnask\u00f3la \u00ed \u00fe\u00e9ttb\u00fdli.\u201c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00deingmanninum var st\u00f3rlega misbo\u00f0i\u00f0 og h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0i einkam\u00e1l til grei\u00f0slu b\u00f3ta fyrir mei\u00f0yr\u00f0i fyrir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum \u00ed Sloven\u00edu. Fallist var a\u00f0 gert hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e6ru \u00feingmannsins me\u00f0 \u00feessum or\u00f0um og honum voru d\u00e6mdar b\u00e6tur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bla\u00f0i\u00f0 skaut m\u00e1linu til Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ls Evr\u00f3pu og h\u00e9lt \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 broti\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gegn frelsi bla\u00f0sins til tj\u00e1ningar samkv\u00e6mt 10. gr. s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans. D\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn f\u00e9llst \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un d\u00f3mst\u00f3la \u00ed Sl\u00f3ven\u00edu hef\u00f0i fali\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00e9r takm\u00f6rkun \u00e1 r\u00e9tti bla\u00f0sins til tj\u00e1ningar og a\u00f0 takm\u00f6rkuni \u00e6tti s\u00e9r lagasto\u00f0 og \u00fej\u00f3na\u00f0i l\u00f6gm\u00e6tum tilgangi. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn, \u00feegar meti\u00f0 v\u00e6ri hvort takm\u00f6rkunin v\u00e6ri h\u00f3fleg \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegu samf\u00e9lagi, komst d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 svo v\u00e6ri ekki. D\u00f3murinn vegna framg\u00f6ngu \u00feingmannsins hef\u00f0i a\u00f0 s\u00f6nnu gengi\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 langt mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 tilefni\u00f0. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur taldi d\u00f3mst\u00f3linn a\u00f0 broti\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gegn tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi bla\u00f0sins. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed efni lag\u00f0i d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 l\u00fdsing bla\u00f0sins hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 settar fram \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edkst deilum\u00e1l af fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0li, en \u00fe\u00e1tttaka fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la \u00ed p\u00f3lit\u00edskum sko\u00f0anaskiptum v\u00e6ri grundvallaratri\u00f0i \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi. Var bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 um v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamann og honum b\u00e6ri a\u00f0 s\u00fdna meiri umbur\u00f0arlyndi gaganvert umm\u00e6lum \u00ed sinn gar\u00f0 en einstaklingum sem ekki geta talist opinberar pers\u00f3nur. S\u00e9rstaklega var l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 a\u00f0 hann hef\u00f0i sj\u00e1lfur me\u00f0 upphaflegum yfirl\u00fdsingum s\u00ednum \u00ed \u00feinginu m\u00f3ta\u00f0 st\u00edl og \u00e1fer\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0unnar. A\u00f0 auki hef\u00f0i umfj\u00f6llun bla\u00f0sins ekki fali\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00e9r sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar um sta\u00f0reyndir, heldur gildisd\u00f3ma, sem v\u00e6ru ekki alls kostar \u00e1n sto\u00f0ar \u00ed yfirl\u00fdsingum \u00feingmannsins sj\u00e1lfs. Ennfremur taldi d\u00f3murinn a\u00f0 frelsi bla\u00f0amanna f\u00e6li einnig \u00ed s\u00e9r r\u00e9tt til a\u00f0 \u00fdkja a\u00f0 vissu marki.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">D\u00f3mur \u00feessi fellur a\u00f0 \u00feekktri d\u00f3maframkv\u00e6md sem gerir r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn eigi a\u00f0 hafa h\u00e6rri \u00feolm\u00f6rk en a\u00f0rir a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er var\u00f0ar umfj\u00f6llun um \u00fe\u00e1. Um \u00feetta vitna t.d.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-57523\">Lingens v. Austria<\/a>; <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-57716\">Oberschlick v. Austria<\/a>; <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-58044\">Oberschlick v. Austria (No. 2)<\/a>; <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-58817\">Lopes Gomes da Silva v. Portugal<\/a>. Reglunni sem d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn hefur m\u00f3ta\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 l\u00fdst \u00feannig: \u201eEkki a\u00f0 kveikja upp \u00ed ofninum ef \u00fe\u00fa \u00feolir ekki hitann\u201c. \u00cd \u00feessu felst a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed opinberri umr\u00e6\u00f0u um opinber m\u00e1lefni me\u00f0 or\u00f0abrag\u00f0i og framsetningu sem orkar tv\u00edm\u00e6lis e\u00f0a eru gagnr\u00fdnisver\u00f0ar \u00e1 annan h\u00e1tt ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00feola a\u00f0 \u00feeim s\u00e9 svara\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu mynt\u00a0\u00a0og \u00feurfa a\u00f0 b\u00faa sig undir og s\u00e6tta sig vi\u00f0 h\u00f6r\u00f0 andsv\u00f6r og umbera \u00feau. D\u00f3murinn hefur \u00e1\u00f0ur komist a\u00f0 samb\u00e6rilegri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00ed m\u00e1lum sem var\u00f0a hatur \u00e1 \u00fatlendingum e\u00f0a \u00fatlendinga\u00f3tta (xenophobiu, t.d. <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-57716\">Oberschlick v. Austria<\/a>, sem fyrr er nefndur). \u00cd \u00feessu m\u00e1li haf\u00f0i\u00a0bla\u00f0ama\u00f0ur, sem var k\u00e6randi \u00ed m\u00e1linu, kalla\u00f0 J\u00f6rg Haider f\u00edfl (\u00fe\u00fdska: Trottle) \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir nasista m.a. \u00a0vegna \u00fdmissa umdeildra umm\u00e6la hins s\u00ed\u00f0arnefnda.\u00a0\u00deetta\u00a0er \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn fyrsta m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00fear sem sl\u00edkt svigr\u00fam til svo har\u00f0ra vi\u00f0brag\u00f0a er gefi\u00f0 \u00ed tilefni af yfirl\u00fdsingum sem t\u00falka m\u00e1 sem hommahatur (homophobiu). \u00de\u00f3 m\u00e1 geta \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/sites\/eng\/pages\/search.aspx?i=001-109046\">Vejdeland v. Sweden<\/a>\u00a0komst d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 bann vi\u00f0 dreifingu b\u00e6klings sem haf\u00f0i a\u00f0 geyma\u00a0 m\u00f3\u00f0gandi fullyr\u00f0ingar um LGBT f\u00f3lk (lesbian, gay, bisexual, og transgender) f\u00f3lk f\u00e6li ekki \u00ed s\u00e9r brot \u00e1 tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi samkv\u00e6mt 10. gr. mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">D\u00f3murinn sem h\u00e9r um r\u00e6\u00f0ir og eldri samb\u00e6rilegir d\u00f3mar geta m\u00f6gulega veri\u00f0 innlegg \u00ed v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari umr\u00e6\u00f0u. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an \u00fearf ekki endilega a\u00f0 vera bundin vi\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn og getur einnig var\u00f0a\u00f0 a\u00f0rar opinberar pers\u00f3nur, svo sem fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0laf\u00f3lk, rith\u00f6funda o. fl. sem leggja til opinberrar umr\u00e6\u00f0u. Skilabo\u00f0in er \u00feau a\u00f0 \u00feessar \u201copinberu pers\u00f3nur\u201d \u00feurfa a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0 s\u00ednum upphafst\u00f3n \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u sem \u00feeir hefja enda geti \u00feeir \u00feurft a\u00f0 una \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00edku s\u00e9 l\u00edkt gjalda\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u00deann 17. apr\u00edl 2014 kva\u00f0 Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ll Evr\u00f3pu upp d\u00f3m \u00ed m\u00e1li Mladina v. Slovenia. \u00cd d\u00f3minum, sem var\u00f0ar sk\u00fdringu \u00e1 10. gr. s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans um tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi, \u00fer\u00f3ar d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn frekar d\u00f3maframkv\u00e6md s\u00edna \u00a0var\u00f0andi \u00fea\u00f0 sem kalla m\u00e1 \u201cgagnr\u00fdnsiver\u00f0ar e\u00f0a umdeilanlegar opinberar &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/2014\/05\/21\/ad-gjalda-liku-likt-domur-um-tjaningarfrelsi\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1298,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[759],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oflokkad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1298"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1176,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14\/revisions\/1176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/davidth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}