\u00cd kj\u00f6lfar \u00feingkosninga um s\u00ed\u00f0ustu helgi hafa risi\u00f0 deilur um framkv\u00e6md \u00feeirra og hva\u00f0a aflei\u00f0ingar \u00fea\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 hafa ef framkv\u00e6md \u00feeirra er g\u00f6llu\u00f0. \u00cd 120. gr. laga nr. 24\/2000 um kosningar til Al\u00feingis segir a\u00f0 ef \u00feeir gallar eru \u00e1 frambo\u00f0i e\u00f0a kosningu \u00feingmanns sem \u00e6tla m\u00e1 a\u00f0 hafi haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00farslit kosningarinnar \u00farskur\u00f0i Al\u00feingi kosningu hans \u00f3gilda og einnig \u00e1n \u00feess ef \u00feingma\u00f0urinn sj\u00e1lfur, umbo\u00f0smenn hans e\u00f0a me\u00f0m\u00e6lendur hafi v\u00edsvitandi \u00e1tt s\u00f6k \u00e1 misfellunum, enda s\u00e9u \u00fe\u00e6r verulegar. Fer um alla \u00feingmenn, kosna af listanum, eins og annars um einstakan \u00feingmann ef misfellurnar var\u00f0a listann \u00ed heild.<\/p>\n
Hugsunin \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu er s\u00fa a\u00f0 ekki n\u00e6gi a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a \u00ed lj\u00f3s galla e\u00f0a annmarka \u00e1 framkv\u00e6md kosninga heldur er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1vallt undirliggjandi skilyr\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00feeir ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 hafa haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00farslit kosninganna ef til greina \u00e1 a\u00f0 koma a\u00f0 \u00f3gilda kosningu \u00feeirra vegna. H\u00e9r a\u00f0 baki b\u00fdr grundvallaratri\u00f0i l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isins, sem er a\u00f0 valdi\u00f0 komi fr\u00e1 borgurunum. Markmi\u00f0 kosninga s\u00e9 a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a vilja \u00feeirra \u00ed lj\u00f3s. Ef \u00fea\u00f0 sem upp \u00far kj\u00f6rk\u00f6ssunum kemur lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 lokum \u00feann vilja sk\u00fdrt \u00ed lj\u00f3s hl\u00fdtur hann a\u00f0 standa, \u00fe\u00f3tt gallar kunni a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 framkv\u00e6md kosninganna.<\/p>\n
Kjarninn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt \u00edslenskri stj\u00f3rnskipun og l\u00f6gum er \u00fea\u00f0 Al\u00feingi sj\u00e1lft sem \u00farskur\u00f0ar um l\u00f6gm\u00e6ti kosningar \u00feeirra \u00feingmanna sem \u00fear sitja. Ferli\u00f0 er \u00ed einf\u00f6ldu m\u00e1li \u00feannig a\u00f0 tali\u00f0 er upp \u00far kj\u00f6rk\u00f6ssunum og \u00feings\u00e6tum \u00fathluta\u00f0 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. \u00de\u00e1 eru gefin \u00fat kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f til \u00feeirra sem kosnir voru og \u00feeir koma s\u00ed\u00f0an saman \u00e1 n\u00fdju \u00feingi. \u00cd upphafi \u00feess eru kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f sko\u00f0u\u00f0 og \u00farskur\u00f0ar \u00feingi\u00f0 um l\u00f6gm\u00e6ti kosningu einstakra \u00feingmanna og kosninganna \u00ed heild. Vi\u00f0 svo b\u00fai\u00f0 hefur \u00feingi\u00f0 s\u00edn venjubundnu st\u00f6rf, sem er a\u00f0 setja samf\u00e9laginu l\u00f6g.<\/p>\n
\u00deessi h\u00e1ttur hefur veri\u00f0 talinn \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edskiptingu r\u00edkisvaldsins \u00fear sem hvorki handhafar framkv\u00e6mdavalds e\u00f0a d\u00f3msvalds hafa heimildir til a\u00f0 hlutast til um samsetningu \u00feingsins me\u00f0 beinum e\u00f0a \u00f3beinum h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\n
N\u00fa m\u00e1 spyrja hvort e\u00f0lilegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u00feingmenn hafi \u00feetta \u00farskur\u00f0arvald um m\u00e1lefni sem getur var\u00f0a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00feeirra sj\u00e1lfra. \u00deegar \u00feetta er meti\u00f0 er vert a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 til Al\u00feingis er kosi\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegum kosningum. Ef gengi\u00f0 er \u00fat fr\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem hafa fengi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f \u00ed hendur beiti valdi s\u00ednu af s\u00e6milegum heilindum er varla a\u00f0 finna neina a\u00f0ra sem hafa sk\u00fdrara l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegra umbo\u00f0 til a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a til lykta \u00e1litam\u00e1lum um gildi kosninga. E\u00f0a hva\u00f0? Hitt er svo anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l a\u00f0 \u00feetta fyrirkomulag er ekki fullkomi\u00f0\u00a0 \u00fear sem erfitt er a\u00f0 tryggja hlutleysi og vel m\u00e1 hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 koma \u00feessu fyrir me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti, svo sem fela \u00feetta H\u00e6star\u00e9tti e\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00faskur\u00f0ara\u00f0ila sem settur er \u00e1 f\u00f3t \u00ed \u00feessu skyni eins og Feneyjarnefndin hefur lagt til.\u00a0 Meira um \u00feetta h\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir.<\/p>\n
\u00de\u00e1 er a\u00f0 spyrja hvort einstakir kj\u00f3sendur e\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sem telja a\u00f0 r\u00e9tti s\u00ednum hafi veri\u00f0 halla\u00f0 vi\u00f0 framkv\u00e6md kosninga, \u00fe.m.t. vi\u00f0 me\u00f0fer\u00f0 kj\u00f6rgagna, talningu atkv\u00e6\u00f0a, me\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feinginu o.fl. \u00a0hafi \u00fe\u00e1 enga a\u00f0ra lei\u00f0 til l\u00e1ta \u00e1 reyna \u00e1 r\u00e9ttindi s\u00edn.<\/p>\n
H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0eins liti\u00f0 til 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu (MSE) sem er l\u00f6gfest regla \u00ed \u00edslenskum r\u00e9tti me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum nr. 62\/1994. \u00dear segir a\u00f0 samningsa\u00f0ilar skuldbindi sig til \u00feess a\u00f0 halda frj\u00e1lsar kosningar me\u00f0 h\u00e6filegu millibili, og s\u00e9 atkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0sla leynileg og fari fram vi\u00f0 a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur er tryggi \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00ed lj\u00f3s komi \u00e1lit almennings me\u00f0 frj\u00e1lsum h\u00e6tti \u00ed kj\u00f6ri til l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feings.<\/p>\n
\u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 veitir r\u00edkjum miki\u00f0 svigr\u00fam til a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a sj\u00e1lf hvernig lagaumgj\u00f6r\u00f0 um kosningar og framkv\u00e6md \u00feeirra skal vera. R\u00e6\u00f0st n\u00e1nari \u00faf\u00e6rsla af s\u00f6gulegum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um, hef\u00f0um, venjum, stj\u00f3rnskipulegum hugmyndum o.fl. \u00ed hverju landi.<\/p>\n
Framsetning \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0isins er \u00feannig a\u00f0 m\u00e6lt fyrir um r\u00e9tt einstaklinga<\/em> til a\u00f0 taka reglulega \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed frj\u00e1lsum og leynilegum kosningum til l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feings sem fari fram vi\u00f0 a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur sem s\u00e9u til \u00feess fallnar a\u00f0 \u00e1lit borgaranna komi fram me\u00f0 \u00feeim h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 yfir vafa s\u00e9 hafi\u00f0. MSE gengur \u00feannig \u00fat fr\u00e1 a\u00f0 borgarar samningsr\u00edkjanna b\u00fai vi\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fear sem kosi\u00f0 er til l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feings.<\/p>\n \u00cd gr\u00f3fum dr\u00e1ttum er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a tvenns konar r\u00e9ttindi \u00ed nefndu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans. Annars vegar er r\u00e6tt um \u201eakt\u00edfan\u201c r\u00e9tt sem svo er nefndur \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum, \u00fe.e. r\u00e9ttur einstaklings til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa (grei\u00f0a atkv\u00e6\u00f0i) og hins vegar \u201epass\u00edfan\u201c r\u00e9tt, \u00fe.e. r\u00e9ttur einstaklings til a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram. \u00deessi r\u00e9ttindi eru ekki \u00f3takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 og h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 setja \u00feeim skor\u00f0ur me\u00f0 \u00fdmsum h\u00e6tti, svo sem me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 mi\u00f0a kosningar\u00e9tt og kj\u00f6rgengi vi\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0inn aldur, r\u00edkisborgarar\u00e9tt, b\u00fasetu \u00ed landinu o.s.frv. R\u00edki hafa talsvert svigr\u00fam til a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a hvernig \u00feessu skuli haga\u00f0.<\/p>\n Ef vi\u00f0 sko\u00f0um fyrst r\u00e9ttinn til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa hefur oft reynt \u00e1 sl\u00edk m\u00e1l fyrir Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu (MDE). \u00deessi m\u00e1l var\u00f0a me\u00f0al annars einstaklinga sem hafa misst kosningar\u00e9tt vegna afbrota sem \u00feeir hafa frami\u00f0, r\u00e9tt fanga til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa, r\u00e9tt r\u00edkisborgara b\u00fasetta \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0ru r\u00edki til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa \u00ed heimalandi s\u00ednu, r\u00e9tt einstaklinga sem b\u00faa \u00e1 tilteknum sv\u00e6\u00f0um innan r\u00edkis o.fl.<\/p>\n Fr\u00e6gast m\u00e1la af \u00feessu tagi er eflaust HIRST v. THE UNITED KINGDOM (No. 2) (coe.int)<\/a> sem var\u00f0ar r\u00e9tt fanga \u00ed breskum fangelsum til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa. Einstaklingur sem var \u00ed fangelsi \u00e1 kj\u00f6rdag f\u00e9kk \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 bresk l\u00f6g ekki a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa af \u00feeim s\u00f6kum. Hann h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0i m\u00e1l fyrir breskum d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum \u00e1 \u00feeim grunni me\u00f0al annars a\u00f0 \u00feetta v\u00e6ri andst\u00e6tt 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE, en tapa\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed. Hann vann \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed MDE og f\u00e9kk vi\u00f0urkennt a\u00f0 brotinn hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 honum r\u00e9ttur samkv\u00e6mt 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 MSE. Fleiri d\u00f3mar hafa \u00ed falli\u00f0 \u00e1 sama veg \u00ed MDE, en engum hefur dotti\u00f0 \u00ed hug a\u00f0 \u00feetta v\u00e6ri til \u00feess falli\u00f0 a\u00f0 draga ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur umr\u00e6ddra kosninga \u00ed efa. Er \u00feess a\u00f0 geta a\u00f0 auki a\u00f0 Bretland hefur hafna\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fara eftir \u00feessum d\u00f3mi og hefur gengi\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum nokkrar kosningar \u00fear sem fangar f\u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa eftir a\u00f0 fyrsti d\u00f3murinn f\u00e9ll.<\/p>\n \u00de\u00e1 a\u00f0 hinum \u201epass\u00edfa\u201c r\u00e9tti, \u00fe.e. r\u00e9ttinum til a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram. \u00deau atri\u00f0i sem h\u00e9r koma til sko\u00f0unar geta me\u00f0al annars loti\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einstaklingur telur r\u00e9tt brotinn \u00e1 s\u00e9r me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann hafi ekki kj\u00f6rgengi e\u00f0a sett s\u00e9u skilyr\u00f0i fyrir kj\u00f6rgengi sem ekki teljast r\u00e9ttm\u00e6t. \u00deessu tengjast einnig reglur um l\u00e1gmarksfylgi flokks til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 kosningu, skor\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed kosningabar\u00e1ttu, svo sem vegna ritsko\u00f0unar e\u00f0a a\u00f0gengis a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum o.fl.<\/p>\n Vel \u00feekkt m\u00e1l af \u00feessum toga er SEJDI\u0106 AND FINCI v. BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (coe.int)<\/a>. Atvik m\u00e1lsins er a\u00f0 rekja til \u00e1rsins 2006 \u00feegar Jakob Finci, sem er l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur af gy\u00f0inga\u00e6ttum \u00e6tla\u00f0i a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram \u00ed forsetakosningum og \u00feingkosningum \u00ed Bosn\u00edu-Herzegov\u00ednu. Honum var synja\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 hann var gy\u00f0ingur. Hinn k\u00e6randinn Dervo Sejdi\u0107 er af R\u00f3ma f\u00f3lki og var einnig synja\u00f0 vegna uppruna s\u00edns. \u00deetta var gert \u00e1 grundvelli stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r r\u00edkisins, sem rakin er til Dayton-samkomulagsins, sem gert var til a\u00f0 stilla til fri\u00f0ar \u00ed landinu eftir \u00f3fri\u00f0 (1992-1995), sem braust \u00fear \u00fat eftir fall fyrrum J\u00f3g\u00f3slav\u00edu. Samkv\u00e6mt Dayton-stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni g\u00e1tu eing\u00f6ngu bo\u00f0i\u00f0 sig fram \u00feeir sem voru a\u00f0 uppruna Bosn\u00edumenn, Kr\u00f3atar e\u00f0a Serbar. \u00de\u00f3tt vi\u00f0urkennt v\u00e6ri af d\u00f3minum a\u00f0 \u00feessar reglur sk\u00fdr\u00f0ust af s\u00f6gulegum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um og \u00feeirri nau\u00f0syn sem var til \u00feess a\u00f0 stilla til fri\u00f0ar, var\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur s\u00fa \u00ed d\u00f3mi MDE a\u00f0 \u00feetta f\u00e6li \u00ed s\u00e9r brot \u00e1 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE. D\u00f3murinn gat \u00fe\u00f3 ekki breytt neinu um gildi kosninganna enda var hann kve\u00f0inn upp nokkrum \u00e1rum eftir a\u00f0 kosningarnar f\u00f3ru fram. Fleiri d\u00f3ma m\u00e1 nefna \u00fear sem k\u00e6rendur eru einstaklingar sem \u00feola hafa m\u00e1tt brot \u00e1 r\u00e9ttindum s\u00ednum samkv\u00e6mt 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE, en \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00famast ekki \u00ed \u00feessum stutta pistli. Fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 sem vilja sko\u00f0a \u00feetta n\u00e1nar er bent \u00e1 \u00feennan link: Guide on Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Right to free elections (coe.int)<\/a>.<\/p>\n Afar \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00feessu sambandi er einnig d\u00f3mur MDE \u00ed m\u00e1li MUGEMANGANGO v. BELGIUM (coe.int)<\/a>. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1li laut k\u00e6ran einmitt a\u00f0 endurtalningu atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00ed kosningum til \u00feings Vall\u00f3na. \u00cd m\u00e1linu var tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 broti\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gegn k\u00e6randa \u00fear sem \u00farkur\u00f0a\u00f0 var um kr\u00f6funa af a\u00f0ila sem ekki var talinn uppfylla kr\u00f6fu um a\u00f0 geta talist \u00f3vilhallur. Atvik voru n\u00e1nar \u00feau a\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt kosningal\u00f6gum hefur \u00feingi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft vald til a\u00f0 fjalla um meinta galla \u00e1 framkv\u00e6md kosninga og \u00fatiloka \u00fear me\u00f0 a\u00f0komu annarra stofnana, svo sem d\u00f3mst\u00f3la, fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi sem ekki n\u00e1\u00f0i kj\u00f6ri \u00fear sem \u00f6rf\u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i vanta\u00f0i upp \u00e1 kraf\u00f0ist endurtalningar. Nefnd Vall\u00f3na \u00feingsins sem fjalla\u00f0i fyrst um k\u00e6ru frambj\u00f3\u00f0andans taldi hana \u00e1 r\u00f6kum reista og m\u00e6lti me\u00f0 endurtalningu. \u00deingi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft hafna\u00f0i henni \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn og sta\u00f0festi ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur kosninganna. \u00cd ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u MDE er me\u00f0al annars v\u00edsa\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessu hef\u00f0i k\u00e6randi ekki fengi\u00f0 me\u00f0fer\u00f0 s\u00edns m\u00e1ls fyrir \u00f3vilh\u00f6llum a\u00f0ila. Hann \u00e6tti kr\u00f6fu \u00e1 \u00farslausn um \u00feessi efni sem bygg\u00f0ist eing\u00f6ngu \u00e1 l\u00f6gum og sta\u00f0reyndum m\u00e1lsins. \u00c1 \u00fea\u00f0 var bent a\u00f0 me\u00f0limir \u00feingsins g\u00e6tu ekki talist p\u00f3lit\u00edskt hlutlausir. S\u00e9rstaklega hef\u00f0i vi\u00f0 \u00feessar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feurft a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem st\u00e6\u00f0u a\u00f0 sl\u00edkri \u00farlausn v\u00e6ru \u00f3vilhallir. Tali\u00f0 var a\u00f0 broti\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gegn 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 MSE. \u00de\u00e1 var tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 broti\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gegn \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 13. gr. MSE um r\u00e9ttinn til virkra r\u00e9ttar\u00farr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00fear sem k\u00e6randa st\u00f3\u00f0u ekki til bo\u00f0a nein \u00f6nnur \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i til a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta reyna \u00e1 r\u00e9tt sinn. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an haf\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3 engin \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00farslit kosninganna \u00ed Belg\u00edu og st\u00f3\u00f0u \u00feau eftir sem \u00e1\u00f0ur. Reyndar eru til fleiri d\u00f3mar \u00ed \u00feessa veru, sbr. Grosaru gegn R\u00famen\u00edu (2010) og Paunovi\u0107 og Milivojevi\u0107 gegn Serb\u00edu (2016).<\/p>\n Vafalaust mun m\u00f6rgum \u00feykja \u00feessi d\u00f3mur \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ur \u00ed lj\u00f3si \u00feeirra deilna sem risi\u00f0 hafa eftir kosningarnar um s\u00ed\u00f0ustu helgi og skynsamlegt er a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hann betur me\u00f0al annars me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed huga hvort og hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu hann hefur h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. M\u00f6gulega kallar hann \u00e1 lagabreytingar e\u00f0a breytingar \u00e1 vinnulagi \u00feingsins, en \u00far \u00fev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur ekki skori\u00f0 h\u00e9r.<\/p>\n Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an af \u00fev\u00ed sem a\u00f0 framan er raki\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00feeir einstaklingar, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 eru kj\u00f3sendur e\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur, sem telja a\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9r hafi veri\u00f0 brotinn r\u00e9ttur samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans, l\u00f6gum e\u00f0a stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 og vilja l\u00e1ta reyna \u00e1 hann, geta au\u00f0vita\u00f0 freista\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 bera m\u00e1l sitt undir \u00edslenska d\u00f3mst\u00f3la. Kr\u00f6fuger\u00f0 \u00feeirra g\u00e6ti loti\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 f\u00e1 vi\u00f0urkennt a\u00f0 r\u00e9ttindi \u00feeirra hafi veri\u00f0 brotin vi\u00f0 framkv\u00e6md kosninganna og mynda\u00f0 \u00feannig grundv\u00f6ll til a\u00f0 krefjast miskab\u00f3ta. Engu skal sp\u00e1\u00f0 um hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 mun ganga. \u00cd \u00f6llu falli, a\u00f0 lokinni m\u00e1lsme\u00f0fer\u00f0 innanlands, geta \u00feeir hinir s\u00f6mu freista\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00e1 m\u00e1l sitt teki\u00f0 fyrir hj\u00e1 MDE \u00e1 grundvelli 3. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka. Reyndar er m\u00f6gulegt \u00ed \u00feessu tilfelli a\u00f0 unnt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 fara me\u00f0 m\u00e1li\u00f0 beint til MDE \u00e1n m\u00e1lsme\u00f0fer\u00f0ar innanlands ef tali\u00f0 yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 sl\u00edk \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i v\u00e6ru ekki virk. Aftur skal engu sp\u00e1\u00f0 um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur af sl\u00edkri vegfer\u00f0, en lj\u00f3st m\u00e1 vera a\u00f0 h\u00fan getur aldrei leitt til \u00f3gildingar kosninganna a\u00f0 hluta e\u00f0a \u00ed heild.<\/p>\n Ein hli\u00f0 eftirm\u00e1la kosninganna eru m\u00f6gulegar k\u00e6rur til l\u00f6greglu um brot \u00e1 kosningal\u00f6gum, sem eftir atvikum g\u00e6tu leitt til sakam\u00e1laranns\u00f3knar, \u00e1k\u00e6ru og sakfellingar ef sl\u00edk brot sannast. Engu skal heldur sp\u00e1\u00f0 um hvort skilyr\u00f0i \u00feessa eru fyrir hendi. \u00deetta myndi \u00fe\u00f3 ekki sj\u00e1lfkrafa hafa nein \u00e1hrif \u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u Al\u00feingis um gildi kosninganna a\u00f0 hluta e\u00f0a \u00ed heild.<\/p>\n \n H\u00f6fundur er fyrrverandi d\u00f3mari vi\u00f0 MDE, d\u00f3mari vi\u00f0 Landsr\u00e9tt og pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 HA, stundakennari vi\u00f0 HR og kennir m.a. stj\u00f3rnskipunarr\u00e9tt og n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 um Mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu. \u00de\u00e1 sinnir h\u00f6fundur lei\u00f0beiningu doktorsnema vi\u00f0 lagadeild H\u00cd sem ranns\u00f3knarpr\u00f3fessor.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00cd kj\u00f6lfar \u00feingkosninga um s\u00ed\u00f0ustu helgi hafa risi\u00f0 deilur um framkv\u00e6md \u00feeirra og hva\u00f0a aflei\u00f0ingar \u00fea\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 hafa ef framkv\u00e6md \u00feeirra er g\u00f6llu\u00f0. \u00cd 120. gr. laga nr. 24\/2000 um kosningar til Al\u00feingis segir a\u00f0 ef \u00feeir gallar eru … Continue reading