<\/p>\n
\u00cd \u00feessum pistli er fjalla\u00f0 um hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum landsins, en h\u00fan\u00a0 m\u00e6list mj\u00f6g illa fyrir hj\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum foreldrum. \u00deetta er m\u00e9r tilefni til a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a a\u00f0eins um 2. gr. 1. samningsvi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 Mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu (MSE). \u00dear segir me\u00f0al annars a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 opinbera skuli \u00ed \u00f6llum r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funum s\u00ednum, er mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 menntun og fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, vir\u00f0a r\u00e9tt foreldra til \u00feess a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 sl\u00edk menntun og fr\u00e6\u00f0sla s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00faar- og l\u00edfssko\u00f0anir \u00feeirra. \u00cd pistlinum eru rakin \u00fdmis sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 sem koma til sko\u00f0unar \u00feegar meti\u00f0 er hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00feetta hefur var\u00f0andi hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu og hvort og a\u00f0 hva\u00f0a marki foreldar eigi r\u00e9tt \u00e1, \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE, a\u00f0 tillit s\u00e9 teki\u00f0 til tr\u00faar- og heimspekilegrar sannf\u00e6ringar \u00feeirra vi\u00f0 skipulag og framkv\u00e6md \u00feessarar fr\u00e6\u00f0slu. \u00c9g vil taka fram a\u00f0 pers\u00f3nulega \u00e9g set mig alls ekki upp \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00feessari fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, en reyndar \u00e1 \u00e9g ekki lengur b\u00f6rn \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3la. Margir foreldrar, sem eiga b\u00f6rn \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3la, hafa \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn a\u00f0ra sannf\u00e6ringu og spurningin er \u00fe\u00e1 hvort sanngjarnt s\u00e9 og r\u00e9ttm\u00e6tt a\u00f0 taka tillit til sannf\u00e6ringar \u00feeirra vi\u00f0 framsetningu og skipulag fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar?<\/em><\/p>\n I<\/p>\n Nokkur umr\u00e6\u00f0a er um \u00feessar mundir um hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed sk\u00f3lum. N\u00fa hef \u00e9g ekki n\u00e1kv\u00e6mar uppl\u00fdsingar um inntak \u00feessarar fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, en margir sem tj\u00e1 sig, \u00fear me\u00f0 taldir foreldrar, telja hana \u00f3vi\u00f0eigandi og margir \u00feeirra eru raunar mj\u00f6g rei\u00f0ir og \u00f3s\u00e1ttir ef marka m\u00e1 harkalegar athugasemdir \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. Talsvert hefur einnig veri\u00f0 r\u00e6tt um riti\u00f0 Kyn, kynl\u00edf og allt hitt<\/em> eftir Cory Silverberg og Fionu Smyth \u00ed \u00feessu sambandi sem Menntam\u00e1lastofnun gaf \u00fat fyrr \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri, en net\u00fatg\u00e1fu \u00feess m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r<\/a> og kennslulei\u00f0beiningar<\/a> h\u00e9r. Margir hafa einnig or\u00f0i\u00f0 til a\u00f0 b\u00fdsnast yfir \u00feessu riti og \u00feeim bo\u00f0skap sem \u00fea\u00f0 flytur.<\/p>\n M\u00e9r er samt ekki lj\u00f3st hvort og a\u00f0 hve miklu leyti b\u00f3kin er notu\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu og\/e\u00f0a almenna kynfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed sk\u00f3lum, en nokkur \u00f3rei\u00f0a er \u00ed fr\u00e9ttaflutningi af \u00feessum m\u00e1lum og skortur \u00e1 hlutlausri umfj\u00f6llun bla\u00f0a- og fr\u00e9ttamanna um m\u00e1li\u00f0 sem ekki er litu\u00f0 af \u00feeirra eigin pers\u00f3nulegu vi\u00f0horfum. Mitt \u00ed \u00feessari umr\u00e6\u00f0u flytja nokkrir \u00feingmenn frumvarp til breytinga \u00e1 l\u00f6gum um grunnsk\u00f3la um a\u00f0 efla kristinfr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum landsins, sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r<\/a>. Um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a frumvarp sem er endurflutt en kom fyrst fram fyrir \u00feremur \u00e1rum en n\u00e1\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 ekki fram a\u00f0 ganga. Fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 sem fylgjast me\u00f0 \u00far fjarska birtist \u00feetta upp\u00e1t\u00e6ki \u00feingmannanna sem einhvers konar m\u00f3tv\u00e6gi vi\u00f0 hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu, svona r\u00e9tt eins og hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0sla og kristinfr\u00e6\u00f0ikennsla s\u00e9u andst\u00e6\u00f0ur, sem varla er r\u00e9tt. Bar\u00e1ttan um barnss\u00e1lina milli stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamanna, hinsegin f\u00f3lks og foreldra er \u00fev\u00ed sn\u00f6rp \u00feessa dagana. Vi\u00f0 lestur fr\u00e9tta, og vegna \u00feeirrar hv\u00f6ssu umr\u00e6\u00f0u sem \u00e1 s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum um \u00feessi m\u00e1l, var m\u00e9r hugsa\u00f0 til MSE, einkum 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka um r\u00e9tt til menntunar. \u00cd greininni segir \u00feetta:<\/p>\n Engum manni skal synja\u00f0 um r\u00e9tt til menntunar. Hi\u00f0 opinbera skal \u00ed \u00f6llum r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funum s\u00ednum, er mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 menntun og fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, vir\u00f0a r\u00e9tt foreldra til \u00feess a\u00f0 tryggja \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 sl\u00edk menntun og fr\u00e6\u00f0sla s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00faar- og l\u00edfssko\u00f0anir \u00feeirra.<\/em><\/p>\n \u00cdslenska \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingin er ekki n\u00e1kv\u00e6m \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed enska og franska texta s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans, sem eru opinber tungum\u00e1l hans, er ekki tala\u00f0 um \u201ctr\u00faar- og l\u00edfssko\u00f0anir\u201d foreldranna heldur \u201creligious and philosophical convictions\u201d \u00a0og \u201cconvictions religieuses et philosophiques\u201d. \u00deannig v\u00edsa frumtextarnir til sannf\u00e6ringar <\/em>foreldranna ekki sko\u00f0ana<\/em>. \u00deetta skiptir m\u00e1li \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0um um s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lann er byggt \u00e1 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0un og sannf\u00e6ring s\u00e9u ekki hi\u00f0 sama og munurinn \u00e1 merkingu or\u00f0anna hafi \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu fyrir t\u00falkun \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0isins.<\/p>\n II<\/p>\n Tilvitna\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i inniheldur tv\u00e6r reglur. S\u00fa fyrri tryggir r\u00e9tt einstaklinga til menntunar en hin s\u00ed\u00f0ari m\u00e6lir fyrir um skyldu r\u00edkisins til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a r\u00e9tt foreldranna til a\u00f0 menntun barna \u00feeirra s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00faarlega og heimspekilega sannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n R\u00e9ttur einstaklinga til menntunar sem tekur a\u00f0 meginstefnu til allra sk\u00f3lastiga, \u00fe\u00f3tt hann fjalli fyrst og fremst um grunnmenntun barna, er ekki \u00e1n takmarkana. Fj\u00f6lmargir d\u00f3mar Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ls Evr\u00f3pu (MDE) fjalla um \u00feetta, en \u00feeir var\u00f0a me\u00f0al annars innt\u00f6kuskilyr\u00f0i \u00ed sk\u00f3la, innt\u00f6kupr\u00f3f, fj\u00f6ldatakmarkanir (numerus clausus)<\/em>, sk\u00f3lagj\u00f6ld, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni, kyn\u00fe\u00e1tt, l\u00e1gmarksaldur, r\u00e9tt fatla\u00f0ra til menntunar, r\u00e9tt fanga og jafnr\u00e6\u00f0i til n\u00e1ms. Um \u00feessi atri\u00f0i er ekki fjalla\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessum pistli. Athyglinni er aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti beint a\u00f0 skyldu r\u00edkisins (sveitarf\u00e9laga) vi\u00f0 skipan menntunar og sk\u00f3lastarfs fyrir b\u00f6rn, til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a r\u00e9tt foreldra til a\u00f0 menntun barna \u00feeirra s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00faarlega og heimspekilega sannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n III<\/p>\n \u00deessa er a\u00f0 geta \u00e1\u00f0ur en lengra er haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00ed 2. mgr. 76. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar segir a\u00f0 \u00f6llum skuli trygg\u00f0ur \u00ed l\u00f6gum r\u00e9ttur til almennrar menntunar og fr\u00e6\u00f0slu vi\u00f0 sitt h\u00e6fi. \u00cd 2. gr. laga nr. 91\/2008, um grunnsk\u00f3la segir a\u00f0 hlutverk grunnsk\u00f3la, \u00ed samvinnu vi\u00f0 heimilin, s\u00e9 \u00a0a\u00f0 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 alhli\u00f0a \u00feroska allra nemenda og \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00feeirra \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi. \u00de\u00e1 kemur fram a\u00f0 starfsh\u00e6ttir sk\u00f3la skuli m\u00f3tast af umbur\u00f0arlyndi<\/em> og k\u00e6rleika<\/em>, kristinni arfleif\u00f0 \u00edslenskrar menningar<\/em>, jafnr\u00e9tti<\/em>, l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegu samstarfi, \u00e1byrg\u00f0, umhyggju, s\u00e1ttf\u00fdsi og vir\u00f0ingu fyrir manngildi.<\/em> Enn segir a\u00f0 grunnsk\u00f3li skuli stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0s\u00fdn<\/em>i hj\u00e1 nemendum og efla f\u00e6rni \u00feeirra \u00ed \u00edslensku m\u00e1li, skilning \u00feeirra \u00e1 \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi, s\u00f6gu \u00feess og s\u00e9rkennum, h\u00f6gum f\u00f3lks og \u00e1 skyldum einstaklingsins vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0, umhverfi\u00f0 og umheiminn. Loks kemur fram a\u00f0 grunnsk\u00f3li skuli stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0u samstarfi<\/em> heimilis og sk\u00f3la me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0i a\u00f0 tryggja fars\u00e6lt sk\u00f3lastarf, almenna velfer\u00f0 og \u00f6ryggi nemenda.<\/p>\n Hvorki \u00ed \u00edslensku stj\u00f3rnaskr\u00e1nni n\u00e9 grunnsk\u00f3lal\u00f6gum er teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a skuli r\u00e9tt foreldra til a\u00f0 menntun barna \u00feeirra s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00faarlega e\u00f0a heimspekilega sannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn er fyrrnefnt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i MSE l\u00f6gfest h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi og er skylda r\u00edkisins til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a r\u00e9tt foreldra a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti \u00fear me\u00f0 bundin \u00ed l\u00f6g. Sko\u00f0um \u00feetta n\u00e1nar.<\/p>\n IV<\/p>\n A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er var\u00f0ar or\u00f0i\u00f0 sannf\u00e6ring <\/em>(conviction) kemur fram \u00ed d\u00f3mum a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 merki ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sama og sko\u00f0un<\/em> e\u00f0a hugmyndir<\/em> (opinions\/ideas). Sannf\u00e6ring v\u00edsi til vi\u00f0horfa e\u00f0a afst\u00f6\u00f0u foreldra sem talin ver\u00f0a heildst\u00e6\u00f0, einl\u00e6g, alvarleg og mikilv\u00e6g fyrir vi\u00f0komandi. \u00deannig er ekki n\u00e6gilegt a\u00f0 foreldrar hafi einhverja almenna \u00a0sko\u00f0un til a\u00f0 skyldan til a\u00f0 taka tillit til hennar vi\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0slu barna \u00feeirra ver\u00f0i virk. \u00d3hagfellt v\u00e6ri fyrir sk\u00f3lastarf ef kennarar \u00feyrftu a\u00f0 taka tillit til hvers kyns s\u00e9rvisku og mismunandi vel \u00edgrunda\u00f0ra sko\u00f0ana e\u00f0a hleypid\u00f3ma einstakra foreldra. D\u00e6mi um sannf\u00e6ringu sem talin hefur veri\u00f0 hafa n\u00e6gilegan slagkraft a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti er andsta\u00f0a vi\u00f0 l\u00edkamleg agavi\u00f0url\u00f6g \u00ed sk\u00f3lum en \u00feau voru lengi t\u00ed\u00f0ku\u00f0 \u00ed sk\u00f3lastarfi, einkum \u00ed Bretlandi og \u00fe\u00f3ttu langt fram \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari hluta 20. aldar e\u00f0lileg og sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00ed sk\u00f3lastarfi \u00fear \u00ed landi. Um \u00feetta vitnar t.d. d\u00f3mur \u00ed m\u00e1li Campbell ofl. gegn Bretlandi (1982<\/a>), m\u00e1lsgrein 36). \u00cd \u00feessu felst a\u00f0 r\u00edkinu (sk\u00f3layfirv\u00f6ldum) er ekki skylt a\u00f0 taka tillit til hvers kyns sko\u00f0ana foreldra \u00e1 \u00feeirri fr\u00e6\u00f0slu sem veitt er \u00ed opinberum sk\u00f3lum. \u00deannig ver\u00f0a foreldrar sem eru eldheitir komm\u00fanistar a\u00f0 una \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra s\u00e9u fr\u00e6dd um marka\u00f0shyggju, enda s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 gert \u00e1 forsendum fr\u00e6\u00f0slu og menntunar, ekki bo\u00f0unar e\u00f0a innr\u00e6tingar.<\/p>\n V<\/p>\n Reynt hefur \u00e1 umr\u00e6tt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 MSE \u00ed d\u00f3mum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0allega tvenns konar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur, \u00fe.e. annars vegar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0slu og hins vegar kynfr\u00e6\u00f0slu. \u00cd \u00feessum tilfellum hefur reynt \u00e1 hvort foreldrar eigi r\u00e9tt til \u00feess a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra s\u00e9u undan\u00feegin \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja kennslustundir vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00fear fer fram fari gegn tr\u00faarlegri- e\u00f0a heimspekilegri sannf\u00e6ringu foreldaranna. \u00deetta eru nokkrir d\u00f3mar og \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir, en eing\u00f6ngu tveir ver\u00f0a raktir.<\/p>\n \u00cd m\u00e1linu Folger\u00f8 o.fl. gegn Noregi <\/a>(2007) kv\u00f6rtu\u00f0u foreldrar undan \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra g\u00e6tu ekki fengi\u00f0 undan\u00fe\u00e1gu fr\u00e1 kennslu \u00ed fagi sem kennt var vi\u00f0 kristinfr\u00e6\u00f0slu me\u00f0 inns\u00fdn \u00ed tr\u00faar\u00adbr\u00f6g\u00f0 og l\u00edfssko\u00f0anir<\/em>. Markmi\u00f0 \u00feessa fags var a\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0a b\u00f6rn um Bibl\u00eduna og kristind\u00f3m sem menningararfleif\u00f0, evangel\u00edska-l\u00faterska tr\u00fa (r\u00edkistr\u00fa Noregs sem 86% landsmanna a\u00f0hyllast), \u00f6nnur kristin tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0, \u00f6nnur tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0 og kenningar \u00ed si\u00f0\u00adfr\u00e6\u00f0i og heimspeki. Samkv\u00e6mt eldri skipan g\u00e1tu foreldrar s\u00f3tt um a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra yr\u00f0u undan\u00ad\u00feeg\u00adin kennslu \u00ed s\u00e9rst\u00f6ku fagi um kristinfr\u00e6\u00f0i. Samkv\u00e6mt hinni n\u00fdju skipan var einungis unnt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 undan\u00fe\u00e1gu fr\u00e1 kennslu \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0num hlutum hinnar n\u00fdju n\u00e1msgreinar. K\u00e6rendur h\u00e9ldu \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 synja b\u00f6rnum \u00feeirra um fulla undan\u00fe\u00e1gu fr\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed n\u00e1msgreininni g\u00e6tu \u00feeir ekki tryggt b\u00f6rnum s\u00ednum menntun \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 tr\u00fa s\u00edna og samvisku og me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed v\u00e6ri broti\u00f0 me\u00f0al annars gegn 9. gr. MSE um hugsana-, samvisku- og tr\u00fafrelsi og 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka. D\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn f\u00e9llst \u00e1 a\u00f0 me\u00f0 umr\u00e6ddri n\u00e1msgrein v\u00e6ri leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tryggja opi\u00f0 og heildst\u00e6tt sk\u00f3laumhverfi, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 bakgrunni nemenda, tr\u00fa, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni og fleiri \u00fe\u00e1ttum. \u00deetta var tali\u00f0 samr\u00e6mast meginreglum um hlutl\u00e6gni og fj\u00f6lhyggju sem f\u00e6list \u00ed 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE. Aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti v\u00e6ri lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 yfir\u00adgn\u00e6f\u00adandi \u00e1hersla v\u00e6ri l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 kristind\u00f3m. Var \u00feetta tali\u00f0 benda til \u00feess a\u00f0 munur milli kennslu \u00ed kristind\u00f3mi annars vegar og \u00f6\u00f0rum tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0um hins vegar var\u00f0a\u00f0i ekki a\u00f0eins umfang e\u00f0a fyrirfer\u00f0 kristninnar \u00ed umr\u00e6ddri n\u00e1msgrein annars vegar og annarra tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0a og l\u00edfssko\u00f0ana hins vegar heldur einnig e\u00f0li hennar. \u00deegar til \u00feess munar v\u00e6ri liti\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00f3lj\u00f3st me\u00f0 hva\u00f0a h\u00e6tti fr\u00e6\u00f0slan \u00e6tti a\u00f0 efla me\u00f0 fulln\u00e6gjandi h\u00e6tti skilning, vir\u00f0ingu e\u00f0a samr\u00e6\u00f0ur milli einstaklinga af mismunandi tr\u00fa og l\u00edfssko\u00f0unum. D\u00f3murinn lag\u00f0i \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingar um samvisku og tr\u00fa einstaklinga lytu a\u00f0 innilegustu \u00fe\u00e1ttum einkal\u00edfs \u00feeirra og a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta v\u00e6ri \u00e1 a\u00f0 foreldrum fyndust \u00feeir kn\u00fanir til a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsa sk\u00f3layfirv\u00f6ld um innilegust \u00fe\u00e6tti tr\u00faar sinnar, samvisku og einkal\u00edfs. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir lofsver\u00f0an tilgang n\u00e1msgreinar sem um var deilt v\u00e6ri ekki tryggt me\u00f0 fulln\u00e6gjandi h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingum og \u00feekkingu v\u00e6ri komi\u00f0 \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri \u00e1 hlutlausan og gagnr\u00fdninn h\u00e1tt sem virti sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lhyggju. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hafna bei\u00f0num foreldra um fulla undan\u00fe\u00e1gu fr\u00e1 n\u00e1msgreininni v\u00e6ri broti\u00f0 gegn 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE. \u00deess er a\u00f0 geta d\u00f3murinn var kve\u00f0inn upp \u00ed Yfirdeild d\u00f3mst\u00f3lsins \u00fear sem sitja 17 d\u00f3marar, en 8 d\u00f3marar voru \u00f3samm\u00e1la \u00feessari ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u. Ford\u00e6misgildi d\u00f3msins er \u00fev\u00ed veikt og hefur hann fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hann var kve\u00f0inn upp veri\u00f0 umdeildur. En d\u00f3mur er \u00feetta n\u00fa samt.<\/p>\n \u00cd Dojan o.fl. gegn \u00de\u00fdskalandi <\/a>\u00a0(2011) voru k\u00e6rendur strangtr\u00faa\u00f0ir me\u00f0limir \u00ed s\u00f6fnu\u00f0i baptista \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi og \u00e1ttu b\u00f6rn sem s\u00f3ttu opinberan grunnsk\u00f3la. Hluti af n\u00e1mskr\u00e1 \u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a \u00e1ri voru t\u00edmar \u00ed kynfr\u00e6\u00f0slu. Sk\u00f3linn \u00e1kva\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2006 a\u00f0 standa fyrir einskonar reglulegum vinnustofum me\u00f0 nemendum til a\u00f0 auka me\u00f0vitund \u00feeirra um h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 kynfer\u00f0islegri misnotkun barna. \u00de\u00e1 m\u00f3ta\u00f0ist s\u00fa hef\u00f0 a\u00f0 sk\u00f3linn skipulag\u00f0i kj\u00f6tkve\u00f0juh\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 \u00e1rlega (carnival) me\u00f0 tr\u00faarlegu \u00edvafi, en \u00feeim nemendum sem ekki vildu s\u00e6kja \u00fea\u00f0 gefinn kostur \u00e1 sundkennslu e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3ttum. K\u00e6rendur vildu ekki a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra t\u00e6kju \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed neinu af \u00feessu e\u00f0a einhverjum hluta og komu \u00ed veg fyrir \u00fea\u00f0. \u00deeir voru sekta\u00f0ir fyrir tilt\u00e6ki\u00f0.<\/p>\n Fyrir MDE b\u00e1ru foreldarnir fyrir sig 2. gr. 1 vi\u00f0auka MSE, enda t\u00f6ldu \u00feeir \u00feessa fr\u00e6\u00f0slu andst\u00e6\u00f0a tr\u00faarlegri og\/e\u00f0a heimspekilegri sannf\u00e6ringu sinni. \u00cd d\u00f3minum kemur fram a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um skyldu r\u00edkis til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a tr\u00faarlega- og heimspekilega sannf\u00e6ringu vi\u00f0 menntun barna \u00feeirra stefni a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tryggja fj\u00f6lhyggju sem nau\u00f0synleg v\u00e6ri \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0issamf\u00e9lagi. \u00cd \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu f\u00e6list skylda r\u00edkisins til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a tr\u00faarlega og heimspekilega sannf\u00e6ringu foreldra \u00ed hinu opinbera sk\u00f3lakerfi. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn v\u00e6ri samsetning n\u00e1mskr\u00e1r \u00ed sk\u00f3lum \u00e1 valdi r\u00edkisins og munur kynni a\u00f0 vera \u00fear \u00e1 fr\u00e1 einu landi til annars. Raunin v\u00e6ri s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fdmsar n\u00e1msgreinar \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum hef\u00f0u sk\u00fdrar tengingar vi\u00f0 kenningar \u00ed heimspeki e\u00f0a eftir atvikum vi\u00f0 tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0. Meginskylda r\u00edkisins samkv\u00e6mt 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0slan sem bo\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00e6ri upp \u00e1 v\u00e6ri \u00ed anda fj\u00f6lhyggju og v\u00e6ri hlutlaus og gagnr\u00fdnin og t\u00e6ki tillit til \u00f3l\u00edkra sko\u00f0ana og sj\u00f3narhorna \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e6tti vi\u00f0. For\u00f0ast skyldi innr\u00e6tingu barna sem sanngjarnt \u00a0v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 sem andst\u00e6\u00f0a tr\u00faar- og heimspekilegri sannf\u00e6ringu foreldra \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed var\u00f0ar kynfr\u00e6\u00f0sluna s\u00e9rstaklega mat d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn \u00fea\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 kennslan sem \u00ed bo\u00f0i var f\u00e6list \u00ed a\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0a b\u00f6rnin um barneignir, getna\u00f0arvarnir, \u00feungun og barnsf\u00e6\u00f0ingar og gengi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00fat fr\u00e1 bestu v\u00edsindalegri \u00feekkingu sem v\u00f6l v\u00e6ri \u00e1 hverju sinni. \u00de\u00e1 v\u00e6ri hluti fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar til \u00feess \u00e6tla\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vekja vitund barnanna um kynfer\u00f0isofbeldi gagnvart b\u00f6rnum og v\u00e6ri \u00feannig \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 fj\u00f6lhyggju og hlutl\u00e6gni sem 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka MSE ger\u00f0i kr\u00f6fu um. A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er var\u00f0a\u00f0i umr\u00e6tt \u201ekarnival\u201c \u00fe\u00e1 g\u00e6tu foreldrar vali\u00f0 a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra s\u00e6ktu a\u00f0ra fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, skemmtun e\u00f0a \u00fej\u00e1lfun. Me\u00f0 \u00feessu hef\u00f0i r\u00edki\u00f0 ekki fari\u00f0 \u00fat fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 svigr\u00fam sem \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i til a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a innihald fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar, enda v\u00e6ri h\u00fan sett fram \u00e1 hlutlausan og gagnr\u00fdninn h\u00e1tt. K\u00e6runni var v\u00edsa\u00f0 fr\u00e1 og var a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti ekki tekin til efnisme\u00f0fer\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n VI<\/p>\n Erfitt er a\u00f0 m\u00e1ta \u00feessa d\u00f3ma vi\u00f0 hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00fe\u00e1 sem fram fer \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum. \u00c1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0u Samtakanna 78 kemur fram a\u00f0 samt\u00f6kin hafi gert samninga vi\u00f0 fj\u00f3rt\u00e1n sveitarf\u00e9l\u00f6g sem ganga \u00fat \u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0slu til grunnsk\u00f3lanemenda, starfsf\u00f3lks leik- og grunnsk\u00f3la, b\u00e6jarskrifstofa og annarra sem sinna \u00fej\u00f3nustu vi\u00f0 \u00edb\u00faa. Um inntak \u00feessarar fr\u00e6\u00f0slu segir me\u00f0al annars a\u00f0 \u00e1 yngsta stigi s\u00e9 fari\u00f0 yfir \u00f3l\u00edk fj\u00f6lskylduform og kyntj\u00e1ningu. Sum b\u00f6rn eigi m\u00f6mmu og pabba, \u00f6nnur tv\u00e6r m\u00f6mmur e\u00f0a tvo pabba, sum alast upp \u00e1 tveimur heimilum, hj\u00e1 einst\u00e6\u00f0um foreldrum, fr\u00e6ndum og fr\u00e6nkum, stj\u00fapforeldrum, \u00f6fum og \u00f6mmum. Allar fj\u00f6lskyldur s\u00e9u jafngildar. \u00de\u00e1 kemur fram a\u00f0 \u00feegar r\u00e6tt s\u00e9 um kyntj\u00e1ningu vi\u00f0 yngstu b\u00f6rnin s\u00e9 \u00fatgangspunkturinn a\u00f0 mannfl\u00f3ran s\u00e9 fj\u00f6lbreytt. Sumt f\u00f3lk vilji vera \u00ed kj\u00f3l og sumt \u00ed buxum. Sumt f\u00f3lk elski svartan lit, en anna\u00f0 bleikan. B\u00f6rnum s\u00e9 kennt a\u00f0 sama hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 kl\u00e6\u00f0ir sig e\u00f0a hvernig fj\u00f6lskyldan \u00feess er, \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9u \u00feau ekki minna vir\u00f0i en anna\u00f0 f\u00f3lk og eigi skili\u00f0 vir\u00f0ingu og k\u00e6rleika.<\/p>\n \u00c1 mi\u00f0stigi fari fram fyrsta kynning \u00e1 grunnhugt\u00f6kum hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0a, \u00fe.e. kynhneig\u00f0, kynvitund og kyneinkennum. F\u00f3lk upplifi kyn sitt \u00e1 fj\u00f6lbreyttan h\u00e1tt og la\u00f0ist a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru f\u00f3lki \u00e1 mismunandi h\u00e1tt. E\u00f0lilegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 fara fram og til baka, skipta um sko\u00f0un og a\u00f0 enginn \u00feurfi a\u00f0 festast \u00ed k\u00f6ssum e\u00f0a skilgreiningum. Allir hafi leyfi og frelsi til a\u00f0 \u00feroskast og \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00e1 sinn h\u00e1tt. Inntak fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar \u00e1 unglingastigi s\u00e9 svipa\u00f0 en fari\u00f0 d\u00fdpra \u00ed grunnhugt\u00f6k, fjalla\u00f0 um ford\u00f3ma, mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 koma \u00fat og s\u00fdna \u00f6\u00f0ru f\u00f3lki vir\u00f0ingu. \u00c1 \u00f6llum stigum s\u00e9 l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 samr\u00e6\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 nemendur um m\u00e1lefni\u00f0.<\/p>\n \u00cd \u00feessari almennu l\u00fdsingu \u00e1 inntaki og markmi\u00f0um fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar s\u00e9 \u00e9g pers\u00f3nulega ekki neitt sem \u00e9g s\u00e9 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u til a\u00f0 vera m\u00f3tfallinn. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn, ef meta \u00e1 hvort foreldrar, sem hugsa ekki eins og \u00e9g, eigi samkv\u00e6mt s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lanum sanngjarna kr\u00f6fu e\u00f0a r\u00e9tt til \u00feess a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra s\u00e9u undan\u00feegin \u00feessari fr\u00e6\u00f0slu, \u00fear sem h\u00fan kunni a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0a gegn tr\u00faarlegri- e\u00f0a heimspekilegri sannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra, \u00fearf meiri uppl\u00fdsingar um inntak hennar og hvernig framsetningu hennar er h\u00e1tta\u00f0. Meta \u00fearf hvort h\u00fan feli \u00ed s\u00e9r almenna hlutlausa fr\u00e6\u00f0slu e\u00f0a bo\u00f0un e\u00f0a innr\u00e6tingu \u00e1kve\u00f0innar afst\u00f6\u00f0u til hinsegin m\u00e1lefna, sem eftir atvikum g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 umdeild og vi\u00f0kv\u00e6m fyrir foreldra einstakra barna af tr\u00faarlegum e\u00f0a si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um. Ekki er l\u00edklegt til \u00e1rangurs \u00ed bar\u00e1ttu vi\u00f0 ford\u00f3ma a\u00f0 afgrei\u00f0a allar einl\u00e6gar efasemdir foreldra um inntak fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar sem birtingarmynd ford\u00f3ma \u00feeirra og haturs \u00ed gar\u00f0 hinsegin f\u00f3lks. \u00de\u00e1 \u00fearf a\u00f0 meta hvort g\u00e6tt s\u00e9 hlutleysis og \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edk sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 komi fram um einst\u00f6k umdeild atri\u00f0i \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 vi\u00f0. \u00de\u00e1 myndi MDE eflaust l\u00edta til \u00feess hverjir annast fr\u00e6\u00f0sluna og hvort \u00feeir sem \u00fea\u00f0 gera leitist vi\u00f0 e\u00f0a geti tryggt, hlutlausa framsetningu fr\u00e1 si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegu og tr\u00faarlegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i svo sem kostur er. \u00deetta allt ver\u00f0ur trau\u00f0la meti\u00f0 nema \u00e1 grundvelli n\u00e1kv\u00e6mra uppl\u00fdsinga til foreldra um inntak fr\u00e6\u00f0slunnar svo \u00feeir hafi r\u00e9ttar forsendur til a\u00f0 meta hvort h\u00fan fari gegn einl\u00e6gri og mikilv\u00e6gri tr\u00faar- e\u00f0a si\u00f0fer\u00f0issannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra sem r\u00e9tt s\u00e9 og sanngjarnt a\u00f0 taka tillit til vegna \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0is 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 MSE.<\/p>\n Eins og hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slunni er l\u00fdst \u00e1 heimas\u00ed\u00f0u samtakanna 78 er ver\u00f0ur ekki anna\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 en a\u00f0 um s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a almenna fr\u00e6\u00f0slu sem \u00e6tla\u00f0 er a\u00f0 mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 opinni umr\u00e6\u00f0u um hinsegin m\u00e1lefni sem s\u00e9 fallin til \u00feess a\u00f0 auka skilning barnanna \u00e1 mannr\u00e9ttindum og fj\u00f6lbreytileika mannl\u00edfsins og me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed ey\u00f0a ford\u00f3mum \u00ed gar\u00f0 \u00feeirra sem hinsegin eru. \u00dea\u00f0 skal f\u00faslega j\u00e1ta\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feetta eru ekki alls kostar sk\u00fdrar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur hj\u00e1 m\u00e9r, enda er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 pistlinum. Vonandi eru lesendur \u00fe\u00f3 einhvers fr\u00f3\u00f0ari um \u00feau sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 mat \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvort r\u00e9ttm\u00e6tt tillit s\u00e9 teki\u00f0 til tr\u00faar- og heimspekilegrar sannf\u00e6ringar foreldra \u00ed hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum eins og 2. gr. 1. vi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 MSE gerir kr\u00f6fu um.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00cd \u00feessum pistli er fjalla\u00f0 um hinseginfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum landsins, en h\u00fan\u00a0 m\u00e6list mj\u00f6g illa fyrir hj\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum foreldrum. \u00deetta er m\u00e9r tilefni til a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a a\u00f0eins um 2. gr. 1. samningsvi\u00f0auka vi\u00f0 Mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu (MSE). \u00dear segir me\u00f0al … Continue reading