R\u00e9ttur til tr\u00faari\u00f0kunar er ekki algildur<\/b><\/p>\n
Me\u00f0al grundvallarreglna \u00ed \u00edslenskri stj\u00f3rnskipan telst tr\u00fafrelsi og frelsi til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa. \u00deetta er sta\u00f0fest \u00ed 63. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar sem og 9. gr. mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu (MSE).<\/p>\n
\u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni segir:<\/p>\n
\u201eAllir eiga r\u00e9tt \u00e1 a\u00f0 stofna tr\u00faf\u00e9l\u00f6g og i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa s\u00edna \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 sannf\u00e6ringu hvers og eins. \u00de\u00f3 m\u00e1 ekki kenna e\u00f0a fremja neitt sem er gagnst\u00e6tt g\u00f3\u00f0u si\u00f0fer\u00f0i e\u00f0a allsherjarreglu.\u201c<\/p>\n
Og \u00ed 9. gr. MSE segir:<\/p>\n
1. S\u00e9rhver ma\u00f0ur \u00e1 r\u00e9tt \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera frj\u00e1ls hugsana sinna, samvisku og tr\u00faar. \u00cd \u00feessu felst frelsi manna til a\u00f0 breyta um tr\u00fa e\u00f0a sannf\u00e6ringu svo og til a\u00f0 r\u00e6kja tr\u00fa s\u00edna e\u00f0a sannf\u00e6ringu, hvort heldur einslega e\u00f0a \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum, opinberlega e\u00f0a \u00e1 einkavettvangi, me\u00f0 gu\u00f0s\u00fej\u00f3nustu, bo\u00f0un, breytni og helgihaldi.<\/p>\n
2. Frelsi manna til a\u00f0 r\u00e6kja tr\u00fa s\u00edna e\u00f0a sannf\u00e6ringu skal einungis h\u00e1\u00f0 \u00feeim takm\u00f6rkunum, sem l\u00f6g m\u00e6la fyrir um og nau\u00f0syn ber til \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi vegna almannaheilla, til verndar allsherjarreglu, heilsu manna e\u00f0a si\u00f0g\u00e6\u00f0i e\u00f0a r\u00e9tti og frelsi.<\/p>\n
\u00deegar vi\u00f0 lesum \u00feessi \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i sj\u00e1um vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tr\u00fafrelsi og r\u00e9ttur til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa er \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0um \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0unum sett fram sem meginregla. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn s\u00e9st l\u00edka a\u00f0 r\u00e9ttur til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa e\u00f0a sannf\u00e6ringu er ekki algildur, a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed leyti a\u00f0 setja m\u00e1 tr\u00faari\u00f0kun beinar og \u00f3beinar skor\u00f0ur af \u00fdmsum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um og a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed marki sem kann a\u00f0 vera nau\u00f0synlegt \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegu samf\u00e9lagi. \u00deessar beinu e\u00f0a \u00f3beinu skor\u00f0ur eru settar me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum me\u00f0 vilja meirihlutans \u00fear sem l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i r\u00edkir.<\/p>\n
Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ll Evr\u00f3pu hefur kve\u00f0i\u00f0 upp marga d\u00f3ma sem var\u00f0a tr\u00fafrelsi, og \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9rstaklega frelsi til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa, og m\u00f6gulega takm\u00f6rkun \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. \u00cd d\u00e6maskyni m\u00e1 nefna\u00a0 Eweida and Others v United Kingdom<\/a><\/i> \u00fear sem einn k\u00e6renda, sem starfa\u00f0i \u00e1 b\u00e6jarskrifstofu \u00ed Bretlandi, var viki\u00f0 \u00far starfi vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00fan vildi ekki af tr\u00faar\u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um gefa saman samkynhneig\u00f0a (skr\u00e1 samb\u00fa\u00f0 \u00feeirra), sem \u00fe\u00f3 var me\u00f0al starfsskyldan hennar. Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3llin komst a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 ekki hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 brotinn \u00e1 henni r\u00e9ttur samkv\u00e6mt 9. gr. s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans um tr\u00fafrelsi. \u00cd \u00feessu tilfelli r\u00e1kust \u00e1 tr\u00faarvi\u00f0horf k\u00e6randa og stefnum\u00f6rkun l\u00f6ggjafans um a\u00f0 samkynhneig\u00f0ir s\u00e6ttu ekki mismunun. Tr\u00faarsannf\u00e6ring k\u00e6randa v\u00e9k fyrir hugmyndum um jafnr\u00e9tti.<\/p>\n Svo \u00feetta s\u00e9 heimf\u00e6rt upp \u00e1\u00a0 \u201dmoskum\u00e1li\u00f0\u201d sem veri\u00f0 hefur til umr\u00e6\u00f0u\u00a0 \u00fe\u00e1 tryggir hvorki mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1linn n\u00e9 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in f\u00e9lagi m\u00faslima\u00a0\u00f3skora\u00f0an \u201er\u00e9tt\u201c til a\u00f0 byggja mosku \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, a\u00f0 svo miklu leyti sem skor\u00f0ur\u00a0 vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed lei\u00f0a af almennum reglum \u00a0og mismuna ekki tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0um \u00e1n gildra \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0na og a\u00f0 teknu tilliti til s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kirkjunnar l\u00f6gum samkv\u00e6mt. \u00deeir ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u a\u00f0 auki a\u00f0 l\u00fata reglum um byggingarleyfi, ger\u00f0 og st\u00e6r\u00f0 byggingar og vir\u00f0a \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i byggingarregluger\u00f0ar, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir vildu hafa hlutina \u00e1 annan veg af tr\u00faarlegum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um. Ennfremur m\u00e1 gera \u00fe\u00e1 kr\u00f6fu a\u00f0 bygging falli a\u00f0 skipulagi o.s.frv. Enn s\u00ed\u00f0ur ber opinberum a\u00f0ilum skylda til a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta tr\u00faf\u00e9l\u00f6gum \u00ed t\u00e9 l\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e1n endurgjalds til a\u00f0 byggja b\u00e6nah\u00fas, en kj\u00f3si yfirv\u00f6ld a\u00f0 gera\u00a0\u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 eiga \u00f6ll tr\u00faf\u00e9l\u00f6g (a.m.k. \u00feau sem\u00a0 eru virk og hafa tilskilinn fj\u00f6lda virkra me\u00f0lima) a\u00f0 sitja vi\u00f0 sama bor\u00f0, a\u00f0 teknu tilliti til mismunandi st\u00e6r\u00f0ar safna\u00f0a og mismunandi \u00fearfa \u00feeirra af sl\u00edkum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um, o.s.frv. \u00deannig lei\u00f0ir ekki af skyldu til a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta jafnr\u00e6\u00f0is a\u00f0 heimila beri tr\u00faf\u00e9l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 byggja b\u00e6nah\u00fas sem a\u00f0 r\u00fammetrafj\u00f6lda eru \u00e1 pari vi\u00f0 Hallgr\u00edmskirkju!<\/p>\n Frekari skor\u00f0ur lei\u00f0a af fyrrnefndum \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r og mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans, en \u00fear kemur fram a\u00f0 setja megi tr\u00faari\u00f0kun skor\u00f0ur \u201evegna almannaheilla, til verndar allsherjarreglu, heilsu manna e\u00f0a si\u00f0g\u00e6\u00f0i e\u00f0a r\u00e9tti og frelsi.\u201d \u00deetta merkir m.a. a\u00f0 \u00edslenska r\u00edki\u00f0 getur sett reglur sem banna \u201dnau\u00f0ungarhj\u00f3nab\u00f6nd\u201d sem tr\u00faars\u00f6fnu\u00f0ir kunna standa fyrir og synja\u00f0 um a\u00f0 sl\u00edkum \"hj\u00f3nab\u00f6ndum\" ver\u00f0i fengi\u00f0 gildi a\u00f0 \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum\u00a0 (og raunar eru \u00feau \u00f3gild a\u00f0 \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum ef nau\u00f0ung hefur sannanlega veri\u00f0 beitt), og ennfremur a\u00f0 banna hva\u00f0eina \u00fea\u00f0 sem me\u00f0 m\u00e1lefnalegum r\u00f6kum er tali\u00f0 fara gegn \u201dheilsu manna e\u00f0a si\u00f0g\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c e\u00f0a \u201er\u00e9tti og frelsi\u201d annarra, \u00a0jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt s\u00f6fnu\u00f0ir beri fyrir sig tr\u00fa s\u00edna. Vitaskuld \u00fearf a\u00f0 t\u00falka heimildir til sker\u00f0ingar \u00fer\u00f6ngt, en \u00fe\u00e6r eru vissulega til sta\u00f0ar. \u00cd stuttu m\u00e1li, r\u00e9ttur til tr\u00faarari\u00f0kunar, samkv\u00e6mt \u00feeim \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um sem nefnd voru, er ekki algildur, hvorki samkv\u00e6mt stj\u00f3rnaskr\u00e1 n\u00e9 mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu. \u00a0Sem sagt, \u00fe\u00f3tt moska yr\u00f0i bygg\u00f0 er ekki \u00fear me\u00f0 sagt a\u00f0 \u00edslenska r\u00edki\u00f0 \u00feurfi a\u00f0 \u00feola hva\u00f0a starfsemi sem er, sem \u00fear kann a\u00f0 fara fram innandyra \u00ed nafni tr\u00faarinnar. \u00deeirri starfsemi m\u00e1 a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u setja \u00fdmsar skor\u00f0ur me\u00f0 tilliti til almannahagsmuna, allsherjareglu, si\u00f0g\u00e6\u00f0is o.s.frv. M\u00faslimar, eins og a\u00f0rir tr\u00faarh\u00f3par, ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 l\u00fata \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum, \u00fe\u00f3tt sumt af \u00fev\u00ed kunni m\u00f6gulega a\u00f0 fara gegn tr\u00faarsannf\u00e6ringu \u00feeirra, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0i tali\u00f0 brot \u00e1 frelsi \u00feeirra til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa s\u00edna, svo lengi sem \u00fea\u00f0 er byggt \u00e1 almennum reglum sem gilda jafnt fyrir alla \u00ed s\u00f6mu e\u00f0a samb\u00e6rilegri st\u00f6\u00f0u og fyrir reglunum eru m\u00e1lefnaleg r\u00f6k.<\/p>\n Bann vi\u00f0 b\u00e6naturnum m\u00faslima \u00ed Sviss<\/b><\/p>\n \u00deann 26. n\u00f3vember 2009 gengu Svisslendingar a\u00f0 kj\u00f6rbor\u00f0inu um hvort setja \u00e6tti \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarsk\u00e1 Sviss bann vi\u00f0 byggingu b\u00e6naturna (minarets) vi\u00f0 moskur \u00fear \u00ed landi, en \u00feeir hafa margv\u00edslega mikilv\u00e6ga tr\u00faarlega merkingu fyrir m\u00faslima. Meirihluti var hlynntur sl\u00edku banni og er n\u00fa banna\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 landsins a\u00f0 reisa sl\u00edka turna.\u00a0 Banni\u00f0 gaf tilefni til m\u00e1laferla fyrir Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu, sbr. m\u00e1l Ouardiri v. Switzerland <\/a>og Ligue des Musulmans de Suisse and Others v. Switzerland <\/a>\u00a0(\u00e1kvar\u00f0anir um me\u00f0fer\u00f0arh\u00e6fi fr\u00e1 28. j\u00fan\u00ed 2011, eing\u00f6ngu \u00e1 fr\u00f6nsku). K\u00e6rendur voru m.a. tr\u00faf\u00e9l\u00f6g m\u00faslima og forst\u00f6\u00f0umenn sl\u00edkra safna\u00f0a, sem h\u00e9ldu \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 banni\u00f0 sem sl\u00edkt v\u00e6ri andst\u00e6tt mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu. \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur, ef svo m\u00e1 segja, var m\u00e1lunum v\u00edsa\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00fear sem \u00feau voru ekki talin t\u00e6k til efnisme\u00f0fer\u00f0ar, \u00fear sem ekki var tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feessir a\u00f0ilar hef\u00f0u einstaklingsbundna hagsmuni af \u00fev\u00ed f\u00e1 \u00far \u00feessu lagalega vafam\u00e1li skori\u00f0, \u00fear sem \u00feeir h\u00f6f\u00f0u ekki nein \u00e1form um a\u00f0 byggja sl\u00edka turna, n\u00e9 haf\u00f0i \u00feeim veri\u00f0 synja\u00f0 um leyfi til \u00feess. \u00deannig voru \u00feeir ekki taldir beinir \u00feolendur bannsins \u00ed skilningi 34. gr. s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans, heldur v\u00e6ru \u00feeir fremur a\u00f0 bera undir d\u00f3minn almennt l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt \u00e1litaefni. Vafal\u00edti\u00f0 \u00e1 eftir a\u00f0 reyna \u00e1 \u00feetta \u00e1litam\u00e1l s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed m\u00e1li sem r\u00e9ttilega er undir d\u00f3mst\u00f3linn bori\u00f0.<\/p>\n \u00a0Og a\u00f0 lokum \u00feetta:<\/strong><\/p>\n Kokkedal er b\u00e6r skammt nor\u00f0an vi\u00f0 Kaupmannah\u00f6fn. \u00cd b\u00e6num er hverfi\u00f0 Egedalsv\u00e6nge sem er \u00feyrping fj\u00f6lb\u00fdlish\u00fasa me\u00f0 sameiginlegt b\u00fasetusamlag (h\u00fasf\u00e9lag), sem svo m\u00e1 nefna, sem tekur \u00fdmsar \u00a0\u00e1kvar\u00f0anir sem me\u00f0al annars sameiginlegar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir var\u00f0andi opin sv\u00e6\u00f0i sem \u00ed hverfinu eru. Stj\u00f3rn b\u00fasetusamlagsins er kosi\u00f0 af \u00edb\u00faum \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri kosningu. \u00cd Egedalsv\u00e6nge tilheyr\u00f0i meirihluti \u00edb\u00faa minnihlutah\u00f3pum, \u00fe.e. er innfluttu f\u00f3lki fr\u00e1 \u00fdmsum l\u00f6ndum, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al var t\u00f6luver\u00f0ur h\u00f3pur m\u00faslima.<\/p>\n L\u00f6ng hef\u00f0 var fyrir \u00fev\u00ed \u00a0a\u00f0 \u00ed desember keypti b\u00fasetusamlagi\u00f0 myndarlegt j\u00f3latr\u00e9 til koma fyrir \u00e1 einu \u00feessara opnu sv\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir \u00edb\u00faana a\u00f0 nj\u00f3ta um j\u00f3l. \u00cd stj\u00f3rn b\u00fasetusamlagsins sitja sj\u00f6 fulltr\u00faar og \u00ed kosningum sem fram f\u00f3ru hausti\u00f0 2012 f\u00f3ru leikar svo a\u00f0 \u00ed hana voru kj\u00f6rnir fimm m\u00faslimar. \u00de\u00e1 br\u00e1 svo vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnin hafna\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed n\u00f3vember \u00feetta \u00e1ri\u00f0, me\u00f0 fimm atkv\u00e6\u00f0um gegn tveimur, a\u00f0 setja f\u00e9 \u00ed a\u00f0 kaupa j\u00f3latr\u00e9 og halda j\u00f3lah\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 \u00ed tilefni af uppsetningu \u00feess og tendrun. \u00c1\u00e6tla\u00f0ur kostna\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 \u00feetta var um 8000 danskar kr\u00f3nur. Sk\u00f6mmu \u00e1\u00f0ur haf\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnin r\u00e1\u00f0stafa\u00f0 um 60 \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00f6nskum kr\u00f3num til tr\u00faarh\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ar m\u00faslima. \u00c1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin um a\u00f0 kaupa ekki j\u00f3latr\u00e9 \u00feetta \u00e1ri\u00f0 var r\u00f6kstudd me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rmagn v\u00e6ri takmarka\u00f0 og r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 vildi ekki\u00a0 forgangsra\u00f0a j\u00f3laath\u00f6fn fram yfir a\u00f0rar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir sem bi\u00f0u stj\u00f3rnarinnar.<\/p>\n \u00deetta olli \u00f3\u00e1n\u00e6gju me\u00f0al marga \u00edb\u00faa. M\u00e1li\u00f0 vakti skj\u00f3tt athygli \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la. \u00dea\u00f0 sem var \u00ed upphafi sta\u00f0bundi\u00f0 ergelsi \u00edb\u00faa \u00ed Kokkedal vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnin t\u00f3k \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un um a\u00f0 kaupa ekki j\u00f3latr\u00e9, leiddi br\u00e1tt til v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6krar umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed d\u00f6nsku samf\u00e9lagi sem n\u00e1\u00f0i langt \u00fat fyrir Egedalsv\u00e6ngen. F\u00f3r m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 undarskj\u00f3tt a\u00f0 sn\u00faast um hin st\u00e6rri m\u00e1lefni fj\u00f6lmenningarsamf\u00e9lagsins, \u00f3l\u00edka menningarh\u00f3pa og \u00e1hrif \u00feeirra \u00e1 danskt samf\u00e9lag og menningu. \u00deetta var or\u00f0a\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 m\u00faslimar hef\u00f0u afl\u00fdst j\u00f3lunum \u00ed Kokkedal \u00feetta \u00e1ri\u00f0. \u00de\u00f3tt m\u00f6rgum D\u00f6num sem a\u00f0 b\u00fdsna langt v\u00e6ri seilst.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" R\u00e9ttur til tr\u00faari\u00f0kunar er ekki algildur Me\u00f0al grundvallarreglna \u00ed \u00edslenskri stj\u00f3rnskipan telst tr\u00fafrelsi og frelsi til a\u00f0 i\u00f0ka tr\u00fa. \u00deetta er sta\u00f0fest \u00ed 63. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar sem og 9. gr. mannr\u00e9ttindas\u00e1ttm\u00e1la Evr\u00f3pu (MSE). \u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni segir: \u201eAllir eiga r\u00e9tt \u00e1 … Continue reading