{"id":1566,"date":"2019-09-08T08:00:26","date_gmt":"2019-09-08T08:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=1566"},"modified":"2020-09-30T16:20:30","modified_gmt":"2020-09-30T16:20:30","slug":"fornafn-eda-lysingarord","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2019\/09\/08\/fornafn-eda-lysingarord\/","title":{"rendered":"Fornafn e\u00f0a l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9g geri r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 allir lesendur hafi l\u00e6rt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fdmis <\/em>s\u00e9 \u00f3\u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 fornafn \u2013 um \u00fea\u00f0 ber \u00f6llum n\u00fdrri or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum og kennslub\u00f3kum saman. Heg\u00f0un or\u00f0sins bendir \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6tt til \u00feess og \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/a><\/em> \u00feykir \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 vara vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6llyndi or\u00f0sins: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fdmis<\/strong> er a\u00f0 uppruna fornafn og \u00fev\u00ed er ekki tali\u00f0 \u00e6skilegt a\u00f0 segja \u201ehinir \u00fdmsu menn\u201c e\u00f0a \u201ehinir \u00fdmsustu a\u00f0ilar\u201c enda er \u00fdmis<\/strong> \u00fe\u00e1 sett \u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0u l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0s.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 laus greinir stendur venjulega a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um en ekki forn\u00f6fnum \u2013 vi\u00f0 segjum hinir g\u00f3\u00f0u menn<\/em>, hinir sterku menn <\/em>o.s.frv., en \u00f6nnur \u00f3\u00e1kve\u00f0in forn\u00f6fn en \u00fdmis<\/em> geta ekki sta\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessari st\u00f6\u00f0u \u2013 ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 segja *hinir \u00f6llu menn<\/em>, *hinir sumu menn<\/em>, *hinir nokkru menn<\/em> o.s.frv.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta er \u00fe\u00f3 fjarri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera n\u00fdjung. Elsta d\u00e6mi um lausan greini me\u00f0 \u00fdmis<\/em> sem finnst \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is er fr\u00e1 1853, og alla t\u00ed\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an hefur \u00feetta samband veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g algengt \u2013 d\u00e6min um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is skipta tugum \u00fe\u00fasunda. M\u00e9r finnst fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00feessu. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fdmis<\/em> er sett \u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0u l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0s \u00e1 \u00feennan \u00e1tt er sennilega tilfinning f\u00f3lks fyrir merkingarlegum skyldleika or\u00f0sins vi\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 \u2013 vands\u00e9\u00f0ar eru t.d. merkingarlegar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 greina \u00fdmis<\/em> \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi en margur<\/em> sem alltaf er tali\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0. Ekki er \u00f3l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir mismunandi greiningu \u00feessara or\u00f0a s\u00e9 s\u00fa a\u00f0 margur<\/em> er venjulega tali\u00f0 stigbreytast, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00f3reglulega s\u00e9, en \u00fdmis<\/em> stigbreytist ekki \u2013 e\u00f0a hva\u00f0?<\/p>\n

\u00cd tilvitnuninni \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankann<\/em> h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan var m\u00e6lt gegn d\u00e6mum eins og hinir \u00fdmsustu a\u00f0ilar<\/em> \u00fear sem ekki ver\u00f0ur betur s\u00e9\u00f0 en \u00fdmis<\/em> stigbreytist. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u201eefsta stigi\u00f0\u201c \u00fdmsustu<\/em> \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is er fr\u00e1 1959. \u00dea\u00f0 d\u00e6mi er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu \u00far gamanritinu Speglinum<\/em> og ekki \u00f3l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 \u201eupphaflega hafi \u00feetta veri\u00f0 svo sem til gamans gert\u201c eins og G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson giska\u00f0i \u00e1<\/a> \u00ed umfj\u00f6llun um \u00feessa stigbreytingu. \u00dea\u00f0 fellur vel a\u00f0 elstu minningum m\u00ednum um efsta stigi\u00f0 sem \u00e9g heyr\u00f0i fyrst \u00ed Menntask\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri upp \u00far 1970. Svo skemmtilega vill til a\u00f0 tv\u00f6 elstu d\u00e6min um \u00fdmsustu<\/em>, fyrir utan d\u00e6mi\u00f0 \u00far Speglinum<\/em>, eru einmitt \u00far bla\u00f0i sk\u00f3lans, Munin<\/em>, fr\u00e1 menntask\u00f3la\u00e1rum m\u00ednum \u2013 1971 og 1973.<\/p>\n

\u201eStigbreytingin\u201c er samt mj\u00f6g \u00f3fullkomin og kemur eiginlega bara fram \u00ed tveimur myndum \u2013 \u00fdmsustu <\/em>og \u00fdmsasta<\/em>. Karlkynsmyndin \u00fdmsasti<\/em> sem b\u00faast m\u00e6tti vi\u00f0 kemur varla fyrir, ekki heldur sterk beyging (*\u00fdmsastur<\/em> \u2013 *\u00fdmsust<\/em> \u2013 *\u00fdmsast<\/em>), og ekki mi\u00f0stig (*\u00fdmsari<\/em>). \u00dea\u00f0 er eiginlega ekki \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 \u00feetta sem beygingarmyndir \u2013 stigbreytingu \u2013 af \u00fdmis<\/em>, heldur sem s\u00e9rstaka or\u00f0myndun. \u00de\u00f3tt ekki s\u00e9 \u00f3sennilegt a\u00f0 s\u00fa or\u00f0myndun hafi upphaflega veri\u00f0 sett fram \u00ed gamni er engin s\u00e9rst\u00f6k \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 henni, a.m.k. \u00ed \u00f3formlegu m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

En \u00fe\u00f3tt \u201estigbreytingin\u201c \u2013 sem l\u00edklega er engin stigbreyting \u2013 s\u00e9 \u00f3fullkomin og ekki g\u00f6mul er h\u00e6pi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti henni a\u00f0 \u00fdmis<\/em> s\u00e9 \u201ea\u00f0 uppruna fornafn\u201c eins og sagt er \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er nefnilega greint sem l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0<\/strong> \u00ed flestum uppflettiritum um fornm\u00e1li\u00f0, t.d. or\u00f0ab\u00f3k Fritzners<\/a>, m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i Iversens, fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3kinni<\/a> \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn o.v. Sigf\u00fas Bl\u00f6ndal greinir or\u00f0i\u00f0 l\u00edka \u00feannig \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/a> sinni. \u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feessa, og vegna \u00feess hve algengt er a\u00f0 nota \u00fdmis <\/em>me\u00f0 lausum greini, er spurningin \u00fev\u00ed hvort ekki s\u00e9 r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 skipta aftur um merkimi\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00fdmis<\/em> og kalla or\u00f0i\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c9g geri r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 allir lesendur hafi l\u00e6rt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fdmis s\u00e9 \u00f3\u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 fornafn \u2013 um \u00fea\u00f0 ber \u00f6llum n\u00fdrri or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum og kennslub\u00f3kum saman. Heg\u00f0un or\u00f0sins bendir \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6tt til \u00feess og \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum \u00feykir \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 vara vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6llyndi or\u00f0sins: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fdmis er a\u00f0 uppruna fornafn og […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1566"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3001,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566\/revisions\/3001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}