{"id":1603,"date":"2019-09-09T08:00:50","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T08:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=1603"},"modified":"2025-08-09T10:44:15","modified_gmt":"2025-08-09T10:44:15","slug":"spaid-i-thessu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2019\/09\/09\/spaid-i-thessu\/","title":{"rendered":"Sp\u00e1i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin <em>sp\u00e1 <\/em>stj\u00f3rnar \u00fe\u00e1gufalli ein og s\u00e9r \u2013 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00f3ve\u00f0ri<\/em>, <em>sp\u00e1 illu<\/em> \u2013 en \u00ed sambandinu <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed <\/em>stj\u00f3rnar h\u00fan oftast \u00feolfalli \u00feegar h\u00fan hefur grunnmerkingu s\u00edna, 'segja fyrir \u00f3or\u00f0na hluti' e\u00f0a 'segja fyrir um (e-\u00f0) me\u00f0 r\u00f6kum, \u00e1lykta um \u00fea\u00f0 sem ver\u00f0ur' eins og h\u00fan er <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/38591\">sk\u00fdr\u00f0<\/a> \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. \u00deannig er tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed spil<\/em>, <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed bolla<\/em>, <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed garnir<\/em>, <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed korg <\/em>o.fl. \u00c1\u00f0ur fyrr kom reyndar stundum fyrir a\u00f0 nota\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1gu\u00adfall \u00ed \u00feessum samb\u00f6ndum. \u00cd <em>\u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ar s\u00f6gu Geir<\/em>\u00ad<em>mundssonar <\/em>eftir Benedikt Gr\u00f6ndal segir: \u201e\u00fearft\u00fa \u00fe\u00e1 aldrei a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed spilum e\u00f0a \u00ed kaffebollum e\u00f0a \u00ed l\u00f3fum.\u201c \u00cd <em>Stefni <\/em>1902 segir: \u201eGesturinn var a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed spilum fyrir Miss Ligram.\u201c \u00cd <em>N\u00fdjum kv\u00f6ldv\u00f6kum <\/em>1912 segir: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 n\u00e6gir \u00feeim ekki a\u00f0 sm\u00e1na gu\u00f0 og [\u2026] sp\u00e1 \u00ed spilum.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>En \u00ed seinni t\u00ed\u00f0 er s\u00f6gnin <em>sp\u00e1 <\/em>mj\u00f6g oft notu\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'velta fyrir s\u00e9r, spek\u00falera \u00ed' svo a\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/38591\">vitna\u00f0<\/a> s\u00e9 \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenska n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> e\u00f0a 'lei\u00f0a hugann a\u00f0 e-u, g\u00e6la vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera e-\u00f0' eins og segir \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> og sagt \u201e\u00f3formlegt\u201c. Erfitt er a\u00f0 negla n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega ni\u00f0ur hven\u00e6r \u00feessi n\u00fdja merking sambandsins kom upp en eins og t\u00edtt er me\u00f0 m\u00e1lbreytingar m\u00e1 l\u00edklega rekja hana til d\u00e6ma sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 t\u00falka \u00e1 tvo vegu og fara a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st upp \u00far 1960. \u00cd <em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum<\/em> 1963 segir t.d.: \u201eN\u00fa \u00feegar eru menn farnir a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0a li\u00f0 muni komast \u00ed \u00feessi \u00farslit.\u201c \u00deetta g\u00e6ti b\u00e6\u00f0i merkt 'sp\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0a li\u00f0 muni komast \u00ed \u00feessi \u00farslit' og 'velta \u00fev\u00ed fyrir s\u00e9r hva\u00f0a li\u00f0 muni komast \u00ed \u00feessi \u00farslit'. Upp \u00far \u00feessu fara a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st d\u00e6mi sem hafa \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6tt n\u00fdju merkinguna.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deannig segir segir um Fjalla-Eyvind og H\u00f6llu \u00ed <em>Vikunni <\/em>1964: \u201eEn hva\u00f0 rak \u00feau hj\u00fain burtu, alla lei\u00f0 su\u00f0ur undir Sprengisand? [\u2026] \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki \u00e1 m\u00ednu valdi a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0.\u201c T\u00ed\u00f0ni sambandsins <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed <\/em>j\u00f3kst t\u00f6luvert eftir 1960 en margfalda\u00f0ist \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum \u2013 \u00fe\u00e1 eru meira en fimm sinnum fleiri d\u00e6mi um sambandi\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>en \u00e1 \u00e1ratugnum \u00e1 undan, v\u00e6ntanlega langflest um n\u00fdju merkinguna. H\u00fan var \u00fe\u00f3 lengi talin \u00f3formleg eins og marka m\u00e1 af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan er gefin \u00ed <em>Slanguror\u00f0ab\u00f3kinni <\/em>fr\u00e1 1982 \u2013 og enn merkt sem sl\u00edk \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. Upp \u00far 1990 fara svo a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st d\u00e6mi \u00fear sem sambandi\u00f0 tekur me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feolfalls \u00e1\u00f0ur. \u00cd <em>T\u00edmanum <\/em>1993 segir: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er ekkert sp\u00e1\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 sj\u00fakrah\u00fasum af hverju \u00f3happi\u00f0 hafi or\u00f0i\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>Degi <\/em>1996 er \u00feetta teki\u00f0 sem d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig \u201e\u00f3vanda\u00f0 m\u00e1lfar vir\u00f0ist s\u00e6kja \u00ed sig ve\u00f0ri\u00f0\u201c \u2013 \u201e\u00c9g er a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed <strong>\u00feessu<\/strong> (\u00e9g er a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed \u00feetta sbr. a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed bolla; ekki: sp\u00e1 \u00ed bollanum).\u201c En \u00ed <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed bolla <\/em>er merkingin allt \u00f6nnur eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur er bent \u00e1, og \u00feegar or\u00f0asamband f\u00e6r n\u00fdja merkingu dugir ekki a\u00f0 v\u00edsa til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi alltaf teki\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00feolfall, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert sj\u00e1lfgefi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sama fall s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00feegar merkingin er \u00f6nnur. \u00de\u00f3tt fallstj\u00f3rn <em>\u00ed <\/em>fylgi vissulega stundum \u00e1kve\u00f0nu kerfi \u2013 h\u00fan stj\u00f3rnar \u00feolfalli \u00feegar v\u00edsa\u00f0 er til hreyfingar (<em>\u00ed b\u00e6inn<\/em>) en \u00fe\u00e1gufalli \u00feegar um kyrrst\u00f6\u00f0u er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a (<em>\u00ed b\u00e6num<\/em>) \u2013 er hvorki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tengja forsetninguna vi\u00f0 hreyfingu n\u00e9 kyrrst\u00f6\u00f0u me\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed <\/em>og \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 anna\u00f0 falli\u00f0 s\u00e9 andst\u00e6tt merkingu hennar.<\/p>\n<p>Auk sambandsins <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed e-\u00f0\/e-u<\/em> er \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>gefi\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed e-n<\/em> sem er sk\u00fdrt 'hugsa til e-s me\u00f0 \u00e1starkynni fyrir augum, \u00edmynda s\u00e9r kynfer\u00f0issamband me\u00f0 e-m' og einnig sagt \u201e\u00f3formlegt\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er s\u00fa merking sem sambandi\u00f0 hefur \u00ed kv\u00e6\u00f0i Megasar fr\u00e1 1972, \u201eSp\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed mig\u201c. Framsetningin \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>gefur til kynna a\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0arnefndu merkingunni s\u00e9 eing\u00f6ngu nota\u00f0 \u00feolfall en \u00fdmist \u00feolfall e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed merkingunni 'velta fyrir s\u00e9r', og \u00e9g h\u00e9lt \u00e1\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00fearna v\u00e6ri munur \u00e1. En \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum m\u00e1 finna nokku\u00f0 af d\u00e6mum um \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0arnefndu merkingunni, t.d. \u201e\u00c9g veit fyrir v\u00edst a\u00f0 h\u00fan er a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00ed m\u00e9r en gallinn er a\u00f0 h\u00fan er mj\u00f6g feimin og soldi\u00f0 yngri\u201c \u00e1 <em>Hugi.is<\/em> 2001. Hafi \u00fearna veri\u00f0 munur er hann l\u00edklega a\u00f0 hverfa.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/71137\">segir<\/a>: \u201eSagt er <strong>sp\u00e1 \u00ed eitthva\u00f0<\/strong>, ekki \u201esp\u00e1 \u00ed einhverju\u201c. <em>Ve\u00f0urfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar sp\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 sem koma skal<\/em>.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er athyglisvert a\u00f0 aldrei vir\u00f0ist hafa veri\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 hinni n\u00fdju merkingu sem sambandi\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed<\/em> f\u00e9kk \u00e1 sj\u00f6unda \u00e1ratugnum \u2013 athugasemdir vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00fata eing\u00f6ngu a\u00f0 fallstj\u00f3rninni, og i\u00f0ulega er vitna\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefnt kv\u00e6\u00f0i Megasar, \u201eSp\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed mig\u201c, til a\u00f0 r\u00f6ksty\u00f0ja a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 taka me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00feolfall en ekki \u00fe\u00e1gufall. \u00dea\u00f0 er reyndar svol\u00edti\u00f0 skondi\u00f0 a\u00f0 uppreisnarma\u00f0ur eins og Megas sem i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0i \u00f3hef\u00f0bundi\u00f0 og \u00f3formlegt m\u00e1lfar sem stu\u00f0a\u00f0i f\u00f3lk skuli borinn fyrir \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c. \u00deessi notkun \u00e1 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed <\/em>var n\u00fdjung \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma og \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00f6rugglega ekki par f\u00edn e\u00f0a til eftirbreytni \u2013 \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 falli.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd pistli fr\u00e1 2017 \u00ed <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/73765\">segir<\/a> J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson: \u201eMyndin <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed a\u00f0 gera e-\u00f0<\/em> [\u2026] er algeng \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li en undirritu\u00f0um vir\u00f0ist afbrig\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera e-\u00f0<\/em> ver\u00f0a \u00e6 algengara, einkum me\u00f0al ungs f\u00f3lks.\u201c J\u00f3n leggur engan d\u00f3m \u00e1 \u00feessa breytingu en b\u00e6tir vi\u00f0: \u201eH\u00e9r er \u00fea\u00f0 sagnarsambandi\u00f0 <em>p\u00e6la \u00ed e-u<\/em> sem togar \u00ed.\u201c \u00deetta er tr\u00falegt \u2013 b\u00e6\u00f0i samb\u00f6ndin vir\u00f0ast koma upp \u00e1 svipu\u00f0um t\u00edma \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu og t\u00ed\u00f0ni <em>p\u00e6la \u00ed <\/em>\u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> fimmfalda\u00f0ist l\u00edka \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum. En hver sem \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an er fyrir fallbreytingunni eru engin merkingarleg r\u00f6k til \u00feess a\u00f0 telja \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 rangt, og ekki hef\u00f0arr\u00f6k heldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feolfall me\u00f0 <em>sp\u00e1 \u00ed <\/em>\u00ed \u00feeirri merkingu sem um r\u00e6\u00f0ir a\u00f0eins 25-30 \u00e1rum eldra en \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0. Hvort tveggja er r\u00e9tt \u2013 jafnr\u00e9tt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin sp\u00e1 stj\u00f3rnar \u00fe\u00e1gufalli ein og s\u00e9r \u2013 sp\u00e1 \u00f3ve\u00f0ri, sp\u00e1 illu \u2013 en \u00ed sambandinu sp\u00e1 \u00ed stj\u00f3rnar h\u00fan oftast \u00feolfalli \u00feegar h\u00fan hefur grunnmerkingu s\u00edna, 'segja fyrir \u00f3or\u00f0na hluti' e\u00f0a 'segja fyrir um (e-\u00f0) me\u00f0 r\u00f6kum, \u00e1lykta um \u00fea\u00f0 sem ver\u00f0ur' eins og h\u00fan er sk\u00fdr\u00f0 \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k. \u00deannig er tala\u00f0 um [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635,158638],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar","category-malvillur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1603"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7525,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1603\/revisions\/7525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1603"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}