{"id":1674,"date":"2020-12-01T08:00:57","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T08:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=1674"},"modified":"2020-11-25T18:02:38","modified_gmt":"2020-11-25T18:02:38","slug":"islenskan-og-evropusambandid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/12\/01\/islenskan-og-evropusambandid\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdslenskan og Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fr\u00e1 stofnun \u00e1ri\u00f0 1957 hefur Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 (\u00e1\u00f0ur Evr\u00f3pubandalagi\u00f0) lagt \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungur sambandsr\u00edkjanna<\/a>. \u00cd upphafi var \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 opinber tungum\u00e1l sambandsins skyldu vera \u00feau sex sem voru opinber m\u00e1l stofnr\u00edkjanna, og \u00feau \u00e1ttu a\u00f0 hafa jafnan r\u00e9tt. \u00deegar n\u00fd r\u00edki hafa veri\u00f0 tekin inn \u00ed sambandi\u00f0 hafa opinber m\u00e1l \u00feeirra jafnframt or\u00f0i\u00f0 opinber m\u00e1l sambandsins. Opinber tungum\u00e1l<\/a> ESB eru n\u00fa 24, fj\u00f3rum sinnum fleiri en \u00ed upphafi. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki nj\u00f3ta nokkur tungum\u00e1l sem t\u00f6lu\u00f0 eru \u00ed r\u00edkjum sambandsins s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u sem h\u00e1lfopinber m\u00e1l, s.s. katal\u00f3nska \u00e1 Sp\u00e1ni og velska \u00ed Bretlandi.<\/p>\n

\u00de\u00f3tt stundum hafi komi\u00f0 fram hugmyndir um a\u00f0 f\u00e6kka opinberum m\u00e1lum sambandsins hafa \u00fe\u00e6r ekki fengi\u00f0 hlj\u00f3mgrunn og ekkert bendir til a\u00f0 sl\u00edk grundvallarbreyting \u00e1 m\u00e1lstefnu sambandsins ver\u00f0i \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti, eins og Gauti Kristmannsson pr\u00f3fessor hefur bent \u00e1<\/a>: \u201eM\u00e1lstefna Evr\u00f3pusambandsins hefur einnig \u00fer\u00f3ast umtalsvert undanfarin \u00e1r og helgast \u00fea\u00f0 af \u00f6flugum p\u00f3lit\u00edskum stu\u00f0ningi vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6ltyngi \u00ed \u00e1lfunni. Framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn og Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingi\u00f0 hafa \u00edtreka\u00f0 \u00e1lykta\u00f0 um mikilv\u00e6gi tungum\u00e1la, tungum\u00e1lakennslu og fj\u00f6ltyngi \u00feegnanna.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00c1ri\u00f0 2017 l\u00e9t Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 gera \u00edtarlega sk\u00fdrslu<\/a> um tungum\u00e1lajafnr\u00e9tti \u00e1 stafr\u00e6nni \u00f6ld (language equality in the digital age), og hausti\u00f0 eftir sam\u00feykkti Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g mikilv\u00e6ga \u00e1lyktun<\/a> um sama efni. \u00dear er l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 nau\u00f0syn \u00feess a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur allra evr\u00f3pskra tungum\u00e1la geti nota\u00f0 tungum\u00e1l s\u00edn \u00e1 jafnr\u00e9ttisgrundvelli \u00ed samskiptum innan \u00e1lfunnar og bent \u00e1 \u00fdmsar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir sem \u00feurfi a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til svo a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed markmi\u00f0i ver\u00f0i n\u00e1\u00f0. \u00cd framhaldi af \u00fev\u00ed var \u00e1 d\u00f6gunum tilkynnt um h\u00e1an styrk \u00far sj\u00f3\u00f0um Evr\u00f3pusambandsins til verkefnisins \u201eEuropean Language Equality\u201c sem n\u00e6r til flestra Evr\u00f3pu\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a og \u00cdslendingar eiga a\u00f0ild a\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00cd krafti a\u00f0ildar a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pska efnahagssv\u00e6\u00f0inu taka \u00cdslendingar \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed mennta- og v\u00edsinda\u00e1\u00e6tlun\u00adum Evr\u00f3pusambandsins og hefur \u00edslensk menning og \u00edslensk tunga noti\u00f0 \u00feess \u00e1 \u00fdmsan h\u00e1tt. \u00dear m\u00e1 t.d. nefna \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed verkefninu META-NET<\/a> \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2011-2013. Markmi\u00f0 \u00feessa verk\u00adefnis var einkum a\u00f0 koma upp rafr\u00e6num m\u00e1llegum gagnas\u00f6fnum (textas\u00f6fnum, or\u00f0a\u00ads\u00f6fn\u00adum, tals\u00f6fnum o.fl.) til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta \u00ed m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni, t.d. v\u00e9lr\u00e6num \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingum, og au\u00f0velda \u00feannig sam\u00adskipti f\u00f3lks me\u00f0 mismunandi m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1l. Me\u00f0 tilstyrk verkefnisins voru bygg\u00f0 upp marg\u00adv\u00edsleg \u00edslensk gagnas\u00f6fn<\/a> sem munu n\u00fdtast \u00ed m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni og m\u00e1lranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum.<\/p>\n

Ef \u00edslenska v\u00e6ri opinbert m\u00e1l innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins myndi \u00fea\u00f0 t\u00e1kna a\u00f0 fulltr\u00faar landsins g\u00e6tu tala\u00f0 \u00edslensku \u00e1 vettvangi \u00feess og fundir yr\u00f0u t\u00falka\u00f0ir milli \u00edslensku og annarra m\u00e1la. \u00cd raun hefur a\u00f0ildin a\u00f0 EES \u00feegar styrkt tunguna me\u00f0 starfsemi \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingami\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0var utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0uneytisins \u00fear sem st\u00f3r hluti af l\u00f6gum og reglum ESB er \u00fe\u00fdddur \u00e1 \u00edslensku. \u201eFullyr\u00f0a m\u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00fear fer fram einhver mesta endurn\u00fdjun og uppbygging \u00edslenskrar tungu \u00ed dag. \u00c1n \u00feess starfs v\u00e6ri \u00edslenskan miklu f\u00e1t\u00e6kari en ella. F\u00e1t\u00e6kari vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feessar \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingar ver\u00f0ur ekki a\u00f0eins til r\u00e9ttarfars\u00adlegur grund\u00adv\u00f6llur og reglur til a\u00f0 vinna eftir heldur einnig n\u00fd or\u00f0, n\u00fd hugt\u00f6k, n\u00fd svi\u00f0 tung\u00adunnar.\u201c<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0a sko\u00f0un sem f\u00f3lk hefur \u00e1 inng\u00f6ngu \u00cdslands \u00ed Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 sambandinu yr\u00f0i s\u00edst til \u00feess a\u00f0 veikja st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskunnar \u2013 \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti m\u00e1 f\u00e6ra a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed g\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00f6k a\u00f0 sta\u00f0a tungunnar myndi styrkjast verulega vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ild. Sl\u00edkt hefur t.d. gerst me\u00f0 \u00edrsku, sem f\u00e9kk st\u00f6\u00f0u opinbers tungum\u00e1ls innan ESB \u00e1ri\u00f0 2007 \u201eog er \u00fea\u00f0 sennilega kraftmesta v\u00edtam\u00ednsprauta sem \u00edrsk tunga hefur fengi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1ratugi ef ekki aldara\u00f0ir,\u201c segir<\/a> Gauti Kristmannsson. \u00d3l\u00edklegt er samt a\u00f0 m\u00e1lefni \u00edslenskunnar muni hafa \u00farslita\u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hvort \u00cdsland gengur \u00ed Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 einhvern t\u00edma \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fr\u00e1 stofnun \u00e1ri\u00f0 1957 hefur Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 (\u00e1\u00f0ur Evr\u00f3pubandalagi\u00f0) lagt \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungur sambandsr\u00edkjanna. \u00cd upphafi var \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 opinber tungum\u00e1l sambandsins skyldu vera \u00feau sex sem voru opinber m\u00e1l stofnr\u00edkjanna, og \u00feau \u00e1ttu a\u00f0 hafa jafnan r\u00e9tt. \u00deegar n\u00fd r\u00edki hafa veri\u00f0 tekin inn \u00ed sambandi\u00f0 hafa opinber m\u00e1l \u00feeirra jafnframt or\u00f0i\u00f0 opinber […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1674"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3268,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1674\/revisions\/3268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}