{"id":1676,"date":"2019-09-20T08:00:18","date_gmt":"2019-09-20T08:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=1676"},"modified":"2019-09-19T07:53:57","modified_gmt":"2019-09-19T07:53:57","slug":"stjornskipuleg-stada-islensks-mals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2019\/09\/20\/stjornskipuleg-stada-islensks-mals\/","title":{"rendered":"Stj\u00f3rnskipuleg sta\u00f0a \u00edslensks m\u00e1ls"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands<\/a> eru engin \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um tungum\u00e1l, \u00fe\u00f3tt hugmyndir um sl\u00edkt hafi nokkrum sinnum komi\u00f0 fram, m.a. \u00ed \u00e1lyktun<\/a> \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lnefndar um st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskrar tungu \u00e1ri\u00f0 2007, og tillaga<\/a> um \u00feetta kom fram \u00e1 Al\u00feingi 2003. \u00cd \u00e1fangask\u00fdrslu<\/a> nefndar um endursko\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar fr\u00e1 2007 er \u00feessara hugmynda geti\u00f0 en teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 nefndin hafi \u201eekki teki\u00f0 afst\u00f6\u00f0u til \u00feess hvort \u00fe\u00f6rf s\u00e9 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 geta \u00feess \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00edslenska s\u00e9 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tunga \u00cdslendinga\u201c.<\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum nr. 61\/2011<\/a> um st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskrar tungu og \u00edslensks t\u00e1knm\u00e1ls f\u00e9kk \u00edslensk tunga \u00fe\u00f3 st\u00f6\u00f0u sem opinbert tungum\u00e1l \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. 1. grein laganna hlj\u00f3\u00f0ar svo: \u201e\u00cdslenska er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tunga \u00cdslendinga og opinbert m\u00e1l \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.\u201c \u00cd annarri grein laganna er sk\u00fdrt n\u00e1nar hva\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessu felist: \u201e\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0tungan er sameiginlegt m\u00e1l landsmanna. Stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld skulu tryggja a\u00f0 unnt ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 nota hana \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um \u00edslensks \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0l\u00edfs.\u201c \u00cd 8. grein segir enn fremur: \u201e\u00cdslenska er m\u00e1l Al\u00feingis, d\u00f3mst\u00f3la, stj\u00f3rnvalda, jafnt r\u00edkis sem sveitarf\u00e9laga, sk\u00f3la \u00e1 \u00f6llum sk\u00f3lastigum og annarra stofnana sem hafa me\u00f0 h\u00f6ndum framkv\u00e6mdir og veita almanna\u00fej\u00f3nustu.\u201c Og 12. grein laganna hlj\u00f3\u00f0ar svo: \u201e\u00cdslenska er opinbert m\u00e1l \u00cdslands \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avettvangi.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd greinarger\u00f0<\/a> me\u00f0 frumvarpinu segir: \u201eS\u00e9rstakt \u00e1litaefni var hvort \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a v\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 m\u00e6la \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 fyrir um st\u00f6\u00f0u tung\u00adunnar sem opinbers m\u00e1ls \u00edslenska r\u00edkisins. \u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem l\u00fata a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1lum er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1m 158 r\u00edkja en einungis \u00ed 26 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1m er tungum\u00e1la a\u00f0 engu geti\u00f0. \u00cd m\u00f6rgum stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1m Evr\u00f3pur\u00edkja er berum or\u00f0um m\u00e6lt fyrir um hva\u00f0a tungum\u00e1l s\u00e9 opinbert m\u00e1l r\u00edkisins.\u201c Nefndin sem samdi sk\u00fdrslu<\/a> sem frumvarpi\u00f0 byggist \u00e1 sag\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3 ekki t\u00edmab\u00e6rt a\u00f0 setja \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um tungum\u00e1l \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 en taldi r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 endursko\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar.<\/p>\n

Undirb\u00faningur a\u00f0 \u00feeirri endursko\u00f0un st\u00f3\u00f0 einmitt yfir um sama leyti. Sumari\u00f0 2010 kaus Al\u00feingi s\u00e9rstaka stj\u00f3rnlaganefnd sem skyldi semja dr\u00f6g a\u00f0 n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands. Nefndin st\u00f3\u00f0 m.a. fyrir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fundi hausti\u00f0 2010 \u00fear sem 950 fulltr\u00faar, valdir af handah\u00f3fi \u00far \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0skr\u00e1, settu fram og r\u00e6ddu hugmyndir um hva\u00f0 vera skyldi \u00ed n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. \u00cdslensk tunga og verndun hennar kom \u00fear oft fram, og \u00ed sk\u00fdrslu<\/a> nefndarinnar er lagt til a\u00f0 svohlj\u00f3\u00f0andi \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i ver\u00f0i \u00ed n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1: \u201e\u00cdslenska er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tunga \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og skal r\u00edkisvaldi\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja hana og vernda.\u201c \u00dear segir enn fremur:<\/p>\n

\u201eNefndin er samm\u00e1la um a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslenskri tungu s\u00e9u falin \u00f3metanleg menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti og h\u00fan \u00fev\u00ed eitt af einkennum \u00cdslendinga sem beri a\u00f0 vernda og efla. \u00dev\u00ed telur nefndin a\u00f0 kve\u00f0i\u00f0 skuli \u00e1 um \u00edslensku sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungu \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. Almennt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u00edslenska tungu myndi fyrst og fremst leggja skyldur \u00e1 her\u00f0ar opinberum a\u00f0ilum og yr\u00f0i lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3s vi\u00f0 lagasetningu. \u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 feli ekki \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00edslenska s\u00e9 formlega ger\u00f0 a\u00f0 opinberu tungum\u00e1li \u00edslenska r\u00edkisins og annarra opinberra a\u00f0ila en grundvallist \u00fe\u00f3 auglj\u00f3slega \u00e1 \u00feeirri forsendu a\u00f0 st\u00f6rf \u00edslenskrar stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu o.s.frv. fari fram \u00e1 \u00edslensku. N\u00e1nari \u00fatf\u00e6rsla \u00e1 \u00edslensku sem opinberu m\u00e1li ver\u00f0i \u00ed h\u00f6ndum hins almenna l\u00f6ggjafa.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd framhaldi af starfi stj\u00f3rnlaganefndarinnar var skipa\u00f0 s\u00e9rstakt stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 sem lag\u00f0i fram till\u00f6gu a\u00f0 n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1<\/a> fyrir \u00cdsland sumari\u00f0 2011. \u00cd henni er ekkert \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungu en hins vegar viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1li \u00e1 nokkrum st\u00f6\u00f0um. \u00cd a\u00f0faraor\u00f0um segir a\u00f0 \u201esaman berum vi\u00f0 \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 arfi kynsl\u00f3\u00f0anna, landi og s\u00f6gu, n\u00e1tt\u00faru, tungu og menningu.\u201c \u00cd 32. grein tillagna stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s, um menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti, segir: \u201eD\u00fdrm\u00e6tar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0areignir sem heyra til \u00edslenskum menningararfi, svo sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0minjar og fornhandrit, m\u00e1 hvorki ey\u00f0ileggja n\u00e9 afhenda til varanlegrar eignar e\u00f0a afnota, selja e\u00f0a ve\u00f0\u00adsetja.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd 6. grein tillagnanna, um jafnr\u00e6\u00f0i, segir svo: \u201e\u00d6ll erum vi\u00f0 j\u00f6fn fyrir l\u00f6gum og skulum nj\u00f3ta mannr\u00e9ttinda \u00e1n mismununar, svo sem vegna [\u2026] tungum\u00e1ls [\u2026].\u201c \u00cd sk\u00fdringum vi\u00f0 \u00feessa grein segir: \u201e\u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 sterkar raddir hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1 lofti um a\u00f0 setja \u00edslenska tungu inn sem eitt af grunngildum \u00ed inngangsgrein a\u00f0 frumvarpi \u00feessu \u00feykir nau\u00f0\u00adsynlegt a\u00f0 nefna a\u00f0 bann\u00ada\u00f0 s\u00e9 a\u00f0 mismuna f\u00f3lki \u00e1 grundvelli \u00feessarar breytu. [\u2026] \u00deessu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i er \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fatiloka mismunun gagnvart f\u00f3lki sem talar anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l en \u00edslensku e\u00f0a a\u00f0ra m\u00e1ll\u00fdsku en \u00fe\u00e1 sem r\u00e1\u00f0andi er \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu hverju sinni.\u201c<\/p>\n

Ekki kemur fram \u00ed sk\u00fdringunum e\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum g\u00f6gnum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hvers vegna \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u00eds\u00adlensku sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungu e\u00f0a grunngildi hafi ekki veri\u00f0 sett \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rtill\u00f6gurnar, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 \u201esterkar raddir\u201c hafi ver\u00f0 \u00e1 lofti um \u00fea\u00f0. \u00dat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem \u00fearna segir m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 e.t.v. \u00e6tla a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 hafi tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i g\u00e6ti or\u00f0i grundv\u00f6llur einhvers konar mismununar, n\u00fa \u00e1 t\u00edmum al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0av\u00e6\u00f0ingar og fj\u00f6lmenningarlegra samf\u00e9lags en \u00e1\u00f0ur. En einnig er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 f\u00e1um vikum \u00e1\u00f0ur en stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 skila\u00f0i till\u00f6gum s\u00ednum haf\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 fest \u00ed l\u00f6g a\u00f0 \u00edslenska v\u00e6ri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tunga \u00cdslendinga, eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. Hugsanlegt er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 tali\u00f0 n\u00e6gjanlegt til a\u00f0 tryggja st\u00f6\u00f0u tungunnar, og \u00f3\u00fearft e\u00f0a \u00f3heppilegt a\u00f0 setja sl\u00edkt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hafa ekki hloti\u00f0 afgrei\u00f0slu og \u00fe\u00e6r breytingar sem undanfari\u00f0 hefur helst veri\u00f0 til umr\u00e6\u00f0u<\/a> a\u00f0 gera \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni var\u00f0a ekki \u00edslenska tungu. \u00dev\u00ed er ekki \u00fatlit fyrir a\u00f0 tungan f\u00e1i sess \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni \u00e1 n\u00e6stunni a.m.k.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands eru engin \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um tungum\u00e1l, \u00fe\u00f3tt hugmyndir um sl\u00edkt hafi nokkrum sinnum komi\u00f0 fram, m.a. \u00ed \u00e1lyktun \u00cdslenskrar m\u00e1lnefndar um st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskrar tungu \u00e1ri\u00f0 2007, og tillaga um \u00feetta kom fram \u00e1 Al\u00feingi 2003. \u00cd \u00e1fangask\u00fdrslu nefndar um endursko\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar fr\u00e1 2007 er \u00feessara hugmynda geti\u00f0 en teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 nefndin hafi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1676"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1677,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions\/1677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}