\u00ad\u00cd hverju tungum\u00e1li felast menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti. S\u00e9rhvert tungum\u00e1l er einstakt \u00e1 einhvern h\u00e1tt \u2013 or\u00f0afor\u00f0i \u00feess, setningager\u00f0 og hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi eru fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum tungum\u00e1lum, merk\u00adingar\u00adbl\u00e6brig\u00f0in sem \u00fea\u00f0 getur tj\u00e1\u00f0 geyma reynslu kynsl\u00f3\u00f0anna og eru \u00f6nnur en \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum m\u00e1lum. Tungum\u00e1l sem deyr er a\u00f0 eil\u00edfu glata\u00f0 \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum um \u00fea\u00f0 miklar ritheimildir og uppt\u00f6kur, sem sjaldnast er, ver\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 aldrei endurvaki\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu mynd \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1l l\u00e6rist ekki til hl\u00edtar nema berast fr\u00e1 manni til manns \u2013 fr\u00e1 foreldrum til barna.<\/p>\n
S\u00e9rhvert tungum\u00e1l er l\u00edka merkilegt og einstakt fr\u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 getur hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 einhverju um e\u00f0li mannlegs m\u00e1ls. \u00cdslenska er t.d. vi\u00f0fangsefni fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim og d\u00e6mi \u00far \u00edslensku eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed kennslu \u00ed miklum fj\u00f6lda erlendra h\u00e1sk\u00f3la. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er ekki s\u00edst s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan er n\u00e1skyld ensku og l\u00edk henni \u00e1 margan h\u00e1tt, \u00feannig a\u00f0 au\u00f0velt er a\u00f0 bera m\u00e1lin saman og l\u00e1ta s\u00e9rkenni \u00edslenskunnar \u00ed beygingum og setn\u00adinga\u00ad\u00adger\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 e\u00f0li mismunar m\u00e1lanna og \u00fdmissa fyrirb\u00e6ra \u00ed \u00feeim.<\/p>\n
\u00c1 \u00cdslandi er tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 er l\u00edka beintenging okkar vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu og menningu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar fyrr \u00e1 t\u00edmum. \u00cdslendingar nj\u00f3ta \u00feeirra forr\u00e9ttinda umfram flestar a\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir a\u00f0 geta tilt\u00f6lulega au\u00f0\u00adveld\u00adlega lesi\u00f0 texta allar g\u00f6tur fr\u00e1 upphafi ritaldar fyrir 900 \u00e1rum, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir s\u00e9u \u00fe\u00fdddir \u00e1 n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1l. Ef \u00edslenskan tekur r\u00f3tt\u00e6kum breytingum, e\u00f0a h\u00e6ttir a\u00f0 vera lifandi tungum\u00e1l, missum vi\u00f0 ekki bara bein tengsl vi\u00f0 H\u00e1vam\u00e1l<\/em> og Nj\u00e1lu<\/em>, heldur l\u00edka vi\u00f0 \u00cdslenskan a\u00f0al<\/em> og \u00cdslandsklukkuna<\/em>, Engla alheimsins<\/em> og Kalda\u00adlj\u00f3s<\/em>, og meira a\u00f0 segja Ungfr\u00fa \u00cdsland<\/em> og Sext\u00edu k\u00edl\u00f3 af s\u00f3lskini<\/em>.<\/p>\n Vitanlega er tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur f\u00e9lagslegt fyrirb\u00e6ri \u2013 langsamlega mikil\u00adv\u00e6gasta sam\u00adskipta\u00adt\u00e6ki okkar vi\u00f0 anna\u00f0 f\u00f3lk. \u00deess vegna m\u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 ekki sta\u00f0na, heldur \u00fearf a\u00f0 vera lifandi og laga sig a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f6rfum samf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 hverjum t\u00edma. H\u00fan ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00feola tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed fram\u00adbur\u00f0i, beyg\u00adingum og setningager\u00f0, og a\u00f0 n\u00fd or\u00f0 komi inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 og g\u00f6mul or\u00f0 f\u00e1i n\u00fdja merkingu. H\u00fan m\u00e1 ekki ver\u00f0a einkaeign \u00e1kve\u00f0inna h\u00f3pa, og \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki nota hana og tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed beitingu hennar til a\u00f0 mismuna f\u00f3lki e\u00f0a skipa \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed andst\u00e6\u00f0ar fylkingar. Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja \u00feau sem vilja lifa og starfa \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0u valdi \u00e1 \u00feessu mikilv\u00e6ga samskiptat\u00e6ki en megum ekki l\u00e1ta takmarka\u00f0a \u00edslenskukunn\u00e1ttu f\u00f3lks bitna \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 nokkurn h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n En s\u00ed\u00f0ast en ekki s\u00edst er tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00e1s fyrir tilfinningar okkar \u2013 \u00e1st og gle\u00f0i, hatur og rei\u00f0i, sorg og hrygg\u00f0, vonir og \u00fer\u00e1r \u2013 en l\u00edka t\u00e6ki okkar til sk\u00f6punar, mi\u00f0lunar og frj\u00f3rrar hugsunar. Tungum\u00e1l sem vi\u00f0 tileinkum okkur \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00f6kuskei\u00f0i, m\u00f3\u00f0ur\u00adm\u00e1l okkar, er hluti af okkur sj\u00e1lfum, einkaeign okkar jafnframt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera sam\u00adeign alls m\u00e1lsamf\u00e9lagsins og \u00ed vissum skilningi alls mannkyns. \u00deetta hlj\u00f3mar eins og \u00fevers\u00f6gn \u2013 og er \u00fevers\u00f6gn. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki einfalt a\u00f0 umgangast m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00f6ll hlutverk \u00feess s\u00e9u h\u00f6f\u00f0 \u00ed hei\u00f0ri.<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 er samt \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 gera \u2013 me\u00f0 umbur\u00f0ar\u00adlyndi, vir\u00f0ingu og tillitssemi a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si. En \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur skortir oft \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um um tungum\u00e1li\u00f0. Fj\u00f6ldi f\u00f3lks stundar \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hn\u00fdta \u00ed m\u00e1lfar annarra sem tala ekki eins og \u00feessum sj\u00e1lfskipu\u00f0u verndurum tungunnar \u00feykir r\u00e9tt \u2013 f\u00f3lks sem fylgir ekki hinum \u00f3opinbera \u00edslenska m\u00e1lsta\u00f0li<\/a>.\u00a0 \u00cdslenskan \u2013 daglegt m\u00e1l \u2013 hefur breyst talsvert undanfarna \u00f6ld. \u00ddmsar m\u00e1lbreytingar hafa komi\u00f0 upp og brei\u00f0st \u00fat, og jafnvel n\u00e1\u00f0 til verulegs hluta landsmanna, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a hluti af sta\u00f0linum.<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 sem ekki \u00e1 a\u00f0 segja, \u00feau afbrig\u00f0i sem samr\u00e6mast ekki sta\u00f0linum, eru k\u00f6llu\u00f0 m\u00e1lvillur<\/strong>, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 talsver\u00f0ur hluti \u00feeirra sem eiga \u00edslensku a\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1li \u2013 \u00ed sumum tilvikum meirihluti \u2013 noti \u00feau. En hugum a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 vi\u00f0 erum a\u00f0 segja me\u00f0 \u00feessu. Erum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk sem elst upp \u00ed \u00edslensku m\u00e1lumhverfi og tileinkar s\u00e9r \u00edslensku \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00f6kuskei\u00f0i kunni ekki \u00edslensku? Getur m\u00e1lbreyting sem hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 til umtalsver\u00f0s hluta m\u00e1lnotenda veri\u00f0 villa? Hva\u00f0a vit er \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00ad\u00cd hverju tungum\u00e1li felast menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti. S\u00e9rhvert tungum\u00e1l er einstakt \u00e1 einhvern h\u00e1tt \u2013 or\u00f0afor\u00f0i \u00feess, setningager\u00f0 og hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi eru fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum tungum\u00e1lum, merk\u00adingar\u00adbl\u00e6brig\u00f0in sem \u00fea\u00f0 getur tj\u00e1\u00f0 geyma reynslu kynsl\u00f3\u00f0anna og eru \u00f6nnur en \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum m\u00e1lum. Tungum\u00e1l sem deyr er a\u00f0 eil\u00edfu glata\u00f0 \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum um \u00fea\u00f0 miklar ritheimildir og uppt\u00f6kur, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1792","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1792"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1792\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1798,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1792\/revisions\/1798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1792"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1792"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1792"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}