{"id":1872,"date":"2019-10-30T12:28:59","date_gmt":"2019-10-30T12:28:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=1872"},"modified":"2020-01-28T22:45:45","modified_gmt":"2020-01-28T22:45:45","slug":"sidrof","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2019\/10\/30\/sidrof\/","title":{"rendered":"Si\u00f0rof"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si\u00f0rof<\/em> er ekki gamalt or\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu og finnst ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum, hvorki \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> n\u00e9 \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em><\/a>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 mun hafa veri\u00f0 b\u00fai\u00f0 til<\/a> upp \u00far 1970 en elsta d\u00e6mi<\/a> um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is er \u00ed grein sem Loftur Guttormsson skrifa\u00f0i \u00ed S\u00f6gu<\/em> 1979 um kenningar f\u00e9lagsfr\u00e6\u00f0ingsins \u00c9mile Durkheim. \u00dear er sk\u00fdringin \u201eanomie\u201c sett \u00ed sviga fyrir aftan og or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an sk\u00fdrt: \u201eSi\u00f0rof er e. k. upplausnar\u00e1stand sem birtist \u00ed \u00fdmsum myndum, t.d. vi\u00f0skiptakreppum, st\u00e9tta\u00e1t\u00f6kum, h\u00e1rri sj\u00e1lfsmor\u00f0st\u00ed\u00f0ni.\u201c<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 kemur nokkrum sinnum fyrir \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00feremur \u00e1ratugum og oftastn\u00e6r \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er vir\u00f0ist. Notkun \u00feess t\u00f3k s\u00ed\u00f0an st\u00f6kk hausti\u00f0 2008 \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar efnahagshrunsins sem i\u00f0ulega var tengt vi\u00f0 si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegt skipbrot og upplausn. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 var miki\u00f0 nota\u00f0 n\u00e6stu fimm \u00e1rin e\u00f0a svo en heldur vir\u00f0ist hafa dregi\u00f0 \u00far notkun \u00feess \u00e1 allra s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem hruni\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gist. Af or\u00f0um<\/a> Karls Sigurbj\u00f6rnssonar \u00fe\u00e1verandi biskups \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 2012 m\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0a a\u00f0 kirkjan hafi l\u00edka nota\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndri merkingu:<\/p>\n

\u201eVi\u00f0horfin \u00e1 \u00e1runum um og eftir aldam\u00f3t voru \u00feannig a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk gaf ekki sem skyldi gaum a\u00f0 \u00feessum g\u00f6mlu og g\u00f3\u00f0u gildum sem \u00cdslendingum hafa duga\u00f0 svo vel \u00ed aldanna r\u00e1s, \u00fea\u00f0 er h\u00f3gv\u00e6r\u00f0, au\u00f0m\u00fdkt, vir\u00f0ing og \u00ferautseigja. \u00cd sta\u00f0inn komu og ur\u00f0u \u00e1berandi lestir eins og ofl\u00e6ti, sj\u00e1lfumgle\u00f0i og hroki. \u00deetta voru atri\u00f0i sem sk\u00f6pu\u00f0u si\u00f0rof \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi og stu\u00f0lu\u00f0u a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1falli sem vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum enn ekki biti\u00f0 \u00far n\u00e1linni me\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n

Vissulega geta or\u00f0 breytt um merkingu og gera \u00fea\u00f0 oft. Ef m\u00e1lnotendur, e\u00f0a talsver\u00f0ur hluti \u00feeirra, koma s\u00e9r saman um a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0 \u00ed annarri merkingu en \u00fea\u00f0 haf\u00f0i \u00e1\u00f0ur er oft ekkert vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 athuga \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er hluti af e\u00f0lilegri m\u00e1l\u00fer\u00f3un. Fj\u00f6ldi or\u00f0a sem vi\u00f0 notum daglega hefur a\u00f0ra merkingu n\u00fa en \u00e1\u00f0ur, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 gerum okkur grein fyrir \u00fev\u00ed e\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 trufli okkur \u00e1 nokkurn h\u00e1tt. En \u00fea\u00f0 skiptir m\u00e1li hvernig merkingarbreytingin ver\u00f0ur. Einn m\u00e1lnotandi e\u00f0a l\u00edtill h\u00f3pur getur ekki teki\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 upp hj\u00e1 sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0 \u00ed annarri merkingu en hef\u00f0bundin er \u2013 og \u00e6tlast til a\u00f0 a\u00f0rir \u00e1tti sig \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed og sam\u00feykki \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessu tilviki er \u00fear a\u00f0 auki um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a or\u00f0 sem er mynda\u00f0 sem fr\u00e6\u00f0ior\u00f0, \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0<\/a> \u2013 gert til a\u00f0 t\u00e1kna \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt hugtak. \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0 l\u00fata svol\u00edti\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00f6gm\u00e1lum en almennur or\u00f0afor\u00f0i. \u00deau eru hluti af \u00e1kve\u00f0nu hugtakakerfi og \u00fea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 merking \u00feeirra s\u00e9 sk\u00fdrt skilgreind og fari ekki \u00e1 milli m\u00e1la. Fram a\u00f0 efnahagshruninu 2008 er si\u00f0rof<\/em> auglj\u00f3slega fyrst og fremst \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0, og i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0 \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 kenningar Durkheims \u00fea\u00f0an sem \u00fea\u00f0 er komi\u00f0 eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. Eftir 2008 kemst or\u00f0i\u00f0 hins vegar \u00ed miklu almennari og v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari notkun og \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00e1 e.t.v. segja a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6rist yfir \u00ed almennan or\u00f0afor\u00f0a m\u00e1lsins.<\/p>\n

Eftir sem \u00e1\u00f0ur vir\u00f0ist merking \u00feess undantekningarl\u00edti\u00f0 v\u00edsa \u00ed einhvers konar umr\u00f3t e\u00f0a upplausn og vera neikv\u00e6\u00f0. \u00deegar\u00a0spurningu<\/a> um \u00e1hrif \u00feess a\u00f0 kristinfr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00e9 ekki lengur kennd \u00ed sk\u00f3lum er svara\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 si\u00f0rof held \u00e9g\u201c er me\u00f0vita\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0 v\u00edsa\u00f0 \u00ed hina venjulegu og al\u00feekktu merkingu or\u00f0sins si\u00f0rof<\/em>, \u00fe\u00f3tt eftir \u00e1<\/a> s\u00e9 sagt a\u00f0 si\u00f0rof s\u00e9 ekki si\u00f0leysi heldur \u201erof vi\u00f0 si\u00f0inn sem vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum lifa\u00f0 eftir um aldir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi\u201c. S\u00fa sk\u00fdring stenst \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 \u00e1tt s\u00e9 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed rofi fylgi \u00fea\u00f0 upplausnar\u00e1stand sem a\u00f0 ofan er l\u00fdst.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si\u00f0rof er ekki gamalt or\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu og finnst ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum, hvorki \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k n\u00e9 \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 mun hafa veri\u00f0 b\u00fai\u00f0 til upp \u00far 1970 en elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is er \u00ed grein sem Loftur Guttormsson skrifa\u00f0i \u00ed S\u00f6gu 1979 um kenningar f\u00e9lagsfr\u00e6\u00f0ingsins \u00c9mile Durkheim. \u00dear er sk\u00fdringin \u201eanomie\u201c sett \u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1872"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2029,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1872\/revisions\/2029"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}