{"id":3023,"date":"2020-10-06T08:00:14","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T08:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3023"},"modified":"2020-10-05T22:55:36","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T22:55:36","slug":"hljodlat-framburdarbreyting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/10\/06\/hljodlat-framburdarbreyting\/","title":{"rendered":"Hlj\u00f3\u00f0l\u00e1t frambur\u00f0arbreyting"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/09\/23\/tilbrigdi-og-stettaskipting\/\">skrifa\u00f0i<\/a> \u00e9g d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 um tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed m\u00e1li og nefndi a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0ur hef\u00f0i a\u00f0 mestu sloppi\u00f0 undan tilhneigingum til samr\u00e6mingar, \u00fe\u00f3tt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed s\u00e9u vissulega undantekningar eins og \u201efl\u00e1m\u00e6li\u00f0\u201c svokalla\u00f0a. Ein \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir har\u00f0ri bar\u00e1ttu gegn \u00fev\u00ed var \u00f6rugglega s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 olli samfalli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0a sem gat komi\u00f0 fram \u00ed stafsetningu \u2013 f\u00f3lk skrifa\u00f0i \u201esekur\u201c fyrir <em>sykur<\/em>, \u201efl\u00f6gur\u201c fyrir <em>flugur<\/em> \u2013 og \u00f6fugt. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an var s\u00fa a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk heyr\u00f0i ekki og\/e\u00f0a ger\u00f0i ekki mun \u00e1 <em>i<\/em> og <em>e<\/em> annars vegar og <em>u<\/em> og <em>\u00f6<\/em> hins vegar, og \u00e1tti \u00fev\u00ed erfitt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera mun \u00ed ritun.<\/p>\n<p>Frambur\u00f0arbreytingar og tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed frambur\u00f0i sem ekki koma fram \u00ed stafsetningu e\u00f0a hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 hana f\u00e1 hins vegar miklu frekar a\u00f0 vera \u00ed fri\u00f0i og f\u00f3lk \u00e1ttar sig jafnvel ekki \u00e1 \u00feeim. Vissulega tekur f\u00f3lk eftir \u00fev\u00ed hvort <em>m<\/em>, <em>n<\/em> og <em>l<\/em> eru r\u00f6ddu\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00f3r\u00f6ddu\u00f0 \u00e1 undan <em>p<\/em>, <em>t<\/em> og <em>k<\/em> \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og <em>hampur<\/em>, <em>vanta<\/em> og <em>mj\u00f3lk<\/em>, en b\u00e6\u00f0i tilbrig\u00f0in eru fullkomlega vi\u00f0urkennd og hafa engin \u00e1hrif \u00e1 stafsetningu. Hins vegar taka miklu f\u00e6rri eftir n\u00fdlegri frambur\u00f0arbreytingu \u00e1 or\u00f0um eins og <em>buxur<\/em>, <em>hugsa<\/em>, <em>loksins<\/em> o.s.frv.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta eru or\u00f0 sem \u00fdmist eru skrifu\u00f0 me\u00f0 <em>x<\/em>, <em>gs<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>ks<\/em> og voru \u00e1\u00f0ur borin fram me\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u00e1 undan <em>s<\/em> \u2013 sama hlj\u00f3\u00f0inu og er t.d. \u00e1 undan <em>t<\/em> \u00ed or\u00f0inu <em>h\u00e6gt<\/em>. En \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum hefur frambur\u00f0ur \u00feessara or\u00f0a veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 breytast og lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0 komi\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0sins \u2013 sama hlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 og \u00ed <em>hugga<\/em>. \u00c9g er f\u00e6ddur 1955 og alinn upp vi\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0, en m\u00e9r haf\u00f0i s\u00fdnst a\u00f0 skilin hef\u00f0u or\u00f0i\u00f0 kringum 1960 \u2013 f\u00f3lk sem v\u00e6ri f\u00e6tt fyrir \u00feann t\u00edma hef\u00f0i yfirleitt \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0inn, en f\u00f3lk f\u00e6tt eftir \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0inn.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd l\u00edtilli k\u00f6nnun sem \u00e9g ger\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1 <em>Facebook<\/em> var sta\u00f0fest a\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0urinn er n\u00e1nast \u00f3\u00feekktur hj\u00e1 f\u00f3lki f\u00e6ddu 1960 e\u00f0a fyrr. 1\/6 \u00feeirra sem t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed k\u00f6nnuninni og eru f\u00e6dd milli 1960 og 1970 er me\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0inn, og r\u00famlega \u00feri\u00f0jungur \u00feeirra sem eru f\u00e6dd milli 1970 og 1980. Aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti eru 2\/3 \u00feeirra sem eru f\u00e6dd eftir 1980 me\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0. \u00deetta er svipa\u00f0 og \u00e9g bj\u00f3st vi\u00f0, nema \u00e9g h\u00e9lt a\u00f0 umskiptin hef\u00f0u veri\u00f0 sneggri.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta r\u00edmar vi\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00far <em>Ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 \u00edslensku n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li<\/em> (R\u00cdN) sem H\u00f6skuldur \u00der\u00e1insson og Kristj\u00e1n \u00c1rnason st\u00f3\u00f0u fyrir upp \u00far 1980 \u2013 \u00fear var frambur\u00f0urinn sjaldg\u00e6fur hj\u00e1 f\u00f3lki yfir tv\u00edtugt \u00fe\u00f3tt hann k\u00e6mi vissulega fyrir, og var \u00feeim mun sjaldg\u00e6fari sem f\u00f3lk var eldra. \u00d3m\u00f6gulegt er a\u00f0 segja hvort fari\u00f0 hafi a\u00f0 \u00f6rla \u00e1 frambur\u00f0inum allnokkru fyrir 1960, e\u00f0a hvort sumt f\u00f3lk f\u00e6tt fyrir \u00feann t\u00edma hafi (\u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0) teki\u00f0 frambur\u00f0inn upp \u00e1 fullor\u00f0insaldri \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 hafi upphaflega haft \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>\u00de\u00f3tt \u00fearna s\u00e9 um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a breytingu sem hefur brei\u00f0st mj\u00f6g hratt \u00fat og tekur til fj\u00f6lda or\u00f0a vir\u00f0ist h\u00fan hafa gengi\u00f0 yfir athugasemdal\u00edti\u00f0 og jafnvel \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 eftir henni v\u00e6ri teki\u00f0, eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur er sagt. Eina undantekningin sem \u00e9g man eftir er \u00ed kverinu <em>G\u00e6tum tungunnar<\/em> fr\u00e1 1984, en p\u00f3star \u00far \u00fev\u00ed birtust einnig \u00ed dagbl\u00f6\u00f0um um svipa\u00f0 leyti. \u00dear er l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 a\u00f0 <em>g<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed <em>hugsa <\/em>s\u00e9 \u201ealls ekki eins og \u00ed <strong>hugga<\/strong>\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 er komi\u00f0 til a\u00f0 vera \u00ed \u00feessu hlj\u00f3\u00f0asambandi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/files\/2020\/10\/huggsa.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>En e.t.v. er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki allt sem s\u00fdnist. \u00dea\u00f0 kom fram a\u00f0 sumum fannst e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 bera <i>hugsa<\/i>\u00a0fram me\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feau b\u00e6ru or\u00f0 eins og\u00a0<i>loksins<\/i>\u00a0og\u00a0<i>buxur<\/i> fram me\u00f0 lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0i. Manni g\u00e6ti dotti\u00f0 \u00ed hug a\u00f0 \u00fearna \u00e6tti mismunandi stafsetning hlut a\u00f0 m\u00e1li, en \u00e9g held varla \u2013 m\u00e9r finnst l\u00edklegra a\u00f0 hugrenningatengsl vi\u00f0\u00a0<i>hugur<\/i>, sem er alltaf me\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i, skipti m\u00e1li. Einnig komu fram \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0unni d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0\u00a0<i>lags<\/i>, eignarfall af\u00a0<i>lag<\/i>, og\u00a0<i>K\u00f3pavogs<\/i>\u00a0v\u00e6ru me\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i hj\u00e1 \u00feeim sem annars hef\u00f0u lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dearna g\u00e6ti skipt m\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0 er \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum beygingarmyndum or\u00f0anna (<i>lag<\/i>\u00a0og\u00a0<i>K\u00f3pavogur<\/i>) en \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og\u00a0<i>loksins<\/i>\u00a0og\u00a0<i>buxur<\/i> eru engin sl\u00edk v\u00edxl. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00feekkt a\u00f0 tilvist tiltekins hlj\u00f3\u00f0s \u00ed einni beygingarmynd getur leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00ed annarri beygingarmynd or\u00f0sins \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 almennar reglur. D\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er frambur\u00f0urinn\u00a0<i>evstur<\/i>\u00a0me\u00f0 r\u00f6ddu\u00f0u hlj\u00f3\u00f0i (<i>v<\/i>), \u00ed sta\u00f0\u00a0<i>efstur\u00a0<\/i>me\u00f0 \u00f3r\u00f6ddu\u00f0u (<i>f<\/i>). \u00cd \u00edslensku er yfirleitt aldrei bori\u00f0 fram radda\u00f0\u00a0<i>v<\/i>\u00a0\u00e1 undan\u00a0<i>s<\/i>, en \u00fev\u00ed breg\u00f0ur oft fyrir \u00ed \u00feessu or\u00f0i fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1\u00a0<i>efri\u00a0<\/i>\u00fear sem alltaf er bori\u00f0 fram radda\u00f0\u00a0<i>v<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g haf\u00f0i alltaf sta\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeirri meiningu a\u00f0 sama gilti um \u00f6ll or\u00f0 sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00e1\u00f0ur \u00f6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0 (eins og \u00ed\u00a0<i>h\u00e6gt<\/i>) \u00e1 undan\u00a0<i>s.\u00a0<\/i>En \u00fea\u00f0 sem h\u00e9r kom fram bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00e1li\u00f0 s\u00e9 fl\u00f3knara. Sennilega var \u00f3heppilegt a\u00f0 nota s\u00f6gnina\u00a0<i>hugsa<\/i>\u00a0sem d\u00e6mi, og e.t.v. hef\u00f0i hlutfall lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0sframbur\u00f0arins or\u00f0i\u00f0 h\u00e6rra ef \u00e9g hef\u00f0i spurt um\u00a0<i>buxur<\/i>\u00a0e\u00f0a\u00a0<i>loksins<\/i>. \u00deetta \u00fearf greinilega a\u00f0 kanna n\u00e1nar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn skrifa\u00f0i \u00e9g d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 um tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed m\u00e1li og nefndi a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0ur hef\u00f0i a\u00f0 mestu sloppi\u00f0 undan tilhneigingum til samr\u00e6mingar, \u00fe\u00f3tt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed s\u00e9u vissulega undantekningar eins og \u201efl\u00e1m\u00e6li\u00f0\u201c svokalla\u00f0a. Ein \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir har\u00f0ri bar\u00e1ttu gegn \u00fev\u00ed var \u00f6rugglega s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 olli samfalli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0a sem gat komi\u00f0 fram \u00ed stafsetningu \u2013 f\u00f3lk skrifa\u00f0i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3023"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3031,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023\/revisions\/3031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}