{"id":3150,"date":"2020-11-09T11:00:42","date_gmt":"2020-11-09T11:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3150"},"modified":"2020-11-09T11:00:42","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T11:00:42","slug":"beygingarmynstur-kvenkynsorda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/11\/09\/beygingarmynstur-kvenkynsorda\/","title":{"rendered":"Beygingarmynstur kvenkynsor\u00f0a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00de\u00f3tt \u00edslensk nafnor\u00f0 hafi fj\u00f6gur f\u00f6ll eru \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0eins tilt\u00f6lulega f\u00e1 or\u00f0 sem hafa fj\u00f3rar mismunandi beygingarmyndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u2013 allt karlkynsor\u00f0. Flest kvenkynsor\u00f0 hafa bara tv\u00e6r mismunandi myndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lu (\u00e1n greinis) \u2013 anna\u00f0hvort eru nefnifall, \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall eins en eignarfall fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 (sterk beyging, or\u00f0 eins og mynd \u2013 mynd \u2013 mynd \u2013 myndar<\/em>) e\u00f0a nefnifall s\u00e9rst\u00f6k mynd en \u00feolfall, \u00fe\u00e1gufall og eignarfall eins (veik beyging, or\u00f0 eins og s\u00e6la \u2013 s\u00e6lu \u2013 s\u00e6lu \u2013 s\u00e6lu<\/em>). Auk \u00feess eru afbrig\u00f0ilegu or\u00f0in \u00e6r<\/em> og k\u00fdr<\/em> \u00fear sem nefnifall og eignarfall eru eins, og s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall (\u00e6r \u2013 \u00e1 \u2013 \u00e1 \u2013 \u00e6r<\/em>).<\/p>\n

F\u00e1ein kvenkynsor\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -i<\/em> eru eins \u00ed \u00f6llum f\u00f6llum eint\u00f6lu (gle\u00f0i \u2013 gle\u00f0i \u2013 gle\u00f0i \u2013 gle\u00f0i<\/em>). Einu kvenkynsor\u00f0in sem hafa \u00ferj\u00e1r mismunandi myndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li eru nokkur kvenmannsn\u00f6fn (Hildur \u2013 Hildi \u2013 Hildi \u2013 Hildar<\/em>, Sigr\u00fan \u2013 Sigr\u00fanu \u2013 Sigr\u00fanu \u2013 Sigr\u00fanar<\/em>) og or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 \u2013ing<\/em> (drottning \u2013 drottningu \u2013 drottningu \u2013 drottningar<\/em>). En hvort sem kvenkynsor\u00f0in hafa eina, tv\u00e6r e\u00f0a \u00ferj\u00e1r mismunandi beygingarmyndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lunni eiga \u00feau \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f6ll sameiginlegt a\u00f0 \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall hafa s\u00f6mu mynd. \u00deannig hefur \u00feetta \u00fe\u00f3 ekki alltaf veri\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -ing<\/em> voru \u00e1\u00f0ur endingarlaus \u00ed \u00feolfalli en h\u00f6f\u00f0u -u<\/em> endingu \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli (drottning \u2013 drottning \u2013 drottningu<\/strong> \u2013 drottningar<\/em>). <\/em>En n\u00fa hefur \u00feolfalli\u00f0 fyrir l\u00f6ngu laga\u00f0 sig a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallinu og b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 sig -u<\/em> \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00feessi tv\u00f6 f\u00f6ll eru samhlj\u00f3\u00f0a eins og \u00ed flestum \u00f6\u00f0rum kvenkynsor\u00f0um. Or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -ung<\/em> eins og n\u00fdjung<\/em> beyg\u00f0ust \u00e1\u00f0ur eins og -ing<\/em>-or\u00f0in (n\u00fdjung \u2013 n\u00fdjung \u2013 n\u00fdjungu<\/strong> \u2013 n\u00fdjungar<\/em>). \u00deau hafa hins vegar flest fari\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 fella -u-<\/em>i\u00f0 brott \u00far \u00fe\u00e1gufallinu en \u00fatkoman ver\u00f0ur s\u00fa sama og \u00ed -ing<\/em>-or\u00f0unum \u2013 \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall ver\u00f0a eins. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 sundrung<\/em> f\u00e6r \u00fe\u00f3 \u00fdmist -u <\/em>e\u00f0a er endingarlaust \u00ed \u00feolfalli og \u00fe\u00e1gufalli.<\/p>\n

\u00cd fornu m\u00e1li var l\u00edka h\u00f3pur einkv\u00e6\u00f0ra kvenkynsor\u00f0a sem voru endingarlaus \u00ed \u00feolfalli en endu\u00f0u \u00e1 -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli. \u00deetta voru or\u00f0 eins og grund<\/a><\/em>, j\u00f6r\u00f0<\/a><\/em>, mold<\/a><\/em>, r\u00f6dd<\/a><\/em>, s\u00f3l<\/a><\/em>, stund<\/a><\/em> og nokkur fleiri, sem beyg\u00f0ust \u00fe\u00e1 grund \u2013 grund \u2013 grundu<\/strong> \u2013 grundar<\/em> o.s.frv. Flest \u00feessara or\u00f0a g\u00e1tu reyndar l\u00edka veri\u00f0 endingarlaus \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli og \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li hafa \u00feau \u00f6ll fellt -u<\/em>-i\u00f0 brott \u2013 nema \u00ed \u00fdmsum meira og minna f\u00f6stum or\u00f0asamb\u00f6ndum. Vi\u00f0 getum sagt \u00e1 erlendri grundu<\/strong><\/em>, h\u00e9r \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0u<\/strong><\/em>, ausinn moldu<\/strong><\/em>, kalla h\u00e1rri r\u00f6ddu<\/strong><\/em>, sn\u00faa m\u00f3ti s\u00f3lu<\/strong><\/em>, \u00e1 hverri stundu<\/strong><\/em>, o.fl.<\/p>\n

Fleiri or\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0u e\u00f0a g\u00e1tu haft -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli. \u00c1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> m\u00e1 finna einst\u00f6ku d\u00e6mi um brautu<\/strong><\/em>, hj\u00f6r\u00f0u<\/strong><\/em>, hur\u00f0u<\/strong><\/em>, h\u00f6llu<\/em><\/strong>, laugu<\/strong><\/em>, ullu<\/strong><\/em>, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0u<\/strong><\/em>, \u00f6ldu<\/strong><\/em>, \u00f6ndu<\/strong><\/em> og e.t.v. fleiri, en \u00fear er \u00fe\u00e1 oftast um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a setningar \u00far eldri textum. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fella brott -u<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufallinu hafa framangreind or\u00f0 sem s\u00e9 f\u00e6rst undir \u00fe\u00e1 almennu reglu a\u00f0 kvenkynsor\u00f0 s\u00e9u eins \u00ed \u00feolfalli og \u00fe\u00e1gufalli. Hinn m\u00f6guleikinn v\u00e6ri au\u00f0vita\u00f0 a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta \u00ad-u<\/em> vi\u00f0 \u00feolfalli\u00f0, og \u00feess eru einnig d\u00e6mi \u00ed f\u00f6stum or\u00f0asamb\u00f6ndum me\u00f0 sumum af \u00feessum or\u00f0um a.m.k. \u00deannig segjum vi\u00f0 \u00fat um gr\u00e6na grundu<\/strong><\/em>, jafna vi\u00f0 j\u00f6r\u00f0u<\/strong><\/em>, dr\u00f3 sk\u00fd fyrir s\u00f3lu<\/strong><\/em>, o.fl.<\/p>\n

Auk \u00feessara or\u00f0a haf\u00f0i or\u00f0i\u00f0 ey <\/em>og kvenmannsn\u00f6fn leidd af \u00fev\u00ed -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli en ekki \u00feolfalli \u2013 ey \u2013 ey \u2013 eyju \u2013 eyjar<\/em>. Kvenmannsn\u00f6fnin hafa yfirleitt -u<\/em> b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed \u00feolfalli og \u00fe\u00e1gufalli \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li, \u00fe\u00f3tt samhlj\u00f3\u00f0a samn\u00f6fn s\u00e9u endingarlaus (S\u00f3ley \u2013 S\u00f3leyju \u2013 S\u00f3leyju \u2013 S\u00f3leyjar<\/em>, en s\u00f3ley \u2013 s\u00f3ley \u2013 s\u00f3ley \u2013 s\u00f3leyjar<\/em>). Reyndar eru sko\u00f0anir m\u00e1lnotenda \u00e1 beygingu \u00fdmissa kvenmannsnafna skiptar \u2013 sumir vilja hafa -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00feolfalli og \u00fe\u00e1gufalli en a\u00f0rir vilja hafa \u00feessi f\u00f6ll endingarlaus. En engin d\u00e6mi er um \u00fea\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 \u00e9g viti a\u00f0 sami m\u00e1lnotandi hafi \u00feolfalli\u00f0 endingarlaust en -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli \u2013 \u00feessi f\u00f6ll eru alltaf eins.<\/p>\n

\u00dearna hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 tv\u00e6r breytingar sem \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i vir\u00f0ast stefna hvor \u00ed s\u00edna \u00e1tt \u2013 \u00f6nnur fellir brott -u<\/em> \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli en hin b\u00e6tir -u<\/em> vi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feolfalli. En b\u00e1\u00f0ar stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 auknu samr\u00e6mi \u00ed kerfinu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fella \u00f6ll kvenkynsor\u00f0 undir \u00fea\u00f0 mynstur a\u00f0 \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall s\u00e9u eins. \u00deessar breytingar eru gengnar yfir, en ein til vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar<\/a> er \u00ed gangi, sem leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fella kvenkynsor\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feeirri tilhneigingu sem nefnd var \u00ed upphafi a\u00f0 eintalan hafi a\u00f0eins tv\u00e6r mismunandi myndir. \u00dea\u00f0 er breyting \u00e1 eignarfalli or\u00f0a eins og drottning<\/em>, \u00far drottningar <\/em>\u00ed drottningu<\/em>, sem einnig kemur fram \u00ed \u00fdmsum kvenmannsn\u00f6fnum \u2013 Sigr\u00fanar<\/em> ver\u00f0ur stundum Sigr\u00fanu<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00de\u00f3tt \u00edslensk nafnor\u00f0 hafi fj\u00f6gur f\u00f6ll eru \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0eins tilt\u00f6lulega f\u00e1 or\u00f0 sem hafa fj\u00f3rar mismunandi beygingarmyndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u2013 allt karlkynsor\u00f0. Flest kvenkynsor\u00f0 hafa bara tv\u00e6r mismunandi myndir \u00ed eint\u00f6lu (\u00e1n greinis) \u2013 anna\u00f0hvort eru nefnifall, \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall eins en eignarfall fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 (sterk beyging, or\u00f0 eins og mynd \u2013 mynd \u2013 mynd \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3150"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3151,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3150\/revisions\/3151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}