\u00dea\u00f0 fer vel \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00e6tt s\u00e9 um \u00edslenskuna og st\u00f6\u00f0u hennar \u00feegar aldarafm\u00e6lis fullveldisins er minnst. Allt fr\u00e1 upphafi frelsis\u00adbar\u00e1ttu \u00cdslend\u00adinga \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld var \u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 og mikil\u00adv\u00e6gi \u00feess fyrir \u00edslenskt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00aderni og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arvitund \u2013 land, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 og tunga hefur lengi veri\u00f0 \u00f3rj\u00fafanleg \u00ferenning \u00ed huga margra \u00cdslend\u00adinga. S\u00e9rstakt tungum\u00e1l var frum\u00adforsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00cdslend\u00adingar litu \u00e1 sig sem s\u00e9rstaka \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 og f\u00f3ru a\u00f0 krefjast sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld\u00adinni. V\u00ed\u00f0a \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu voru \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edki \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edma\u00adskilningi a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a til \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld og \u00fe\u00e1 lentu i\u00f0u\u00adlega inn\u00adan sama r\u00edkis h\u00f3par og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar\u00adbrot sem t\u00f6lu\u00f0u mismunandi tungum\u00e1l. Til a\u00f0 tryggja einingu r\u00edk\u00adisins l\u00f6g\u00f0u stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld oft \u00e1herslu \u00e1 eitt r\u00edkism\u00e1l og b\u00f6nn\u00adu\u00f0u jafnvel notkun annarra tungum\u00e1la.<\/p>\n
En afsta\u00f0a danskra stj\u00f3rnvalda var ger\u00f3l\u00edk \u2013 \u00feau vir\u00f0ast aldrei hafa gert miklar tilraunir til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f6ngva d\u00f6nsku upp \u00e1 \u00cdslendinga. \u00d6fugt vi\u00f0 marga a\u00f0ra minnihluta\u00adh\u00f3pa innan r\u00edkja \u00feurftu \u00cds\u00adlend\u00ad\u00adingar ekki a\u00f0 berjast s\u00e9rstaklega fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 nota m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1l sitt \u00e1 flestum svi\u00f0um. \u00cdslenskan var hins vegar sameiningar\u00adt\u00e1kn, r\u00e9tt\u00adl\u00e6t\u00ading \u00cdslend\u00adinga fyrir s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u sinni og ekki s\u00edst notu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a \u00feeim sj\u00e1lfum fyrir sj\u00f3nir hver s\u00fa s\u00e9rsta\u00f0a v\u00e6ri.\u00a0 V\u00ed\u00f0a \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu var tungan v\u00edg\u00ad\u00adv\u00f6llur bar\u00ad\u00e1tt\u00adunnar \u2013 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi var h\u00fan vopni\u00f0.<\/p>\n
\u00deegar fari\u00f0 var a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um fullveldi og sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i \u00cdslands \u00ed upphafi 20. aldar var tungan enn mikilv\u00e6g r\u00f6ksemd. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 t.d. sj\u00e1 \u00ed greinarger\u00f0 \u00edslensku fulltr\u00faanna \u00ed sambandslaganefndinni 1918 \u00fear sem segir:<\/p>\n
\u00cdslenzka \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in hefur ein allra germanskra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a var\u00f0veitt hina fornu tungu, er um \u00f6ll Nor\u00f0url\u00f6nd gekk fyrir 900-1000\u00a0 \u00e1rum, svo l\u00edti\u00f0 breytta, a\u00f0 hver \u00edslenzkur ma\u00f0ur skil\u00adur enn \u00ed dag og getur hagn\u00fdtt s\u00e9r til hl\u00edtar b\u00f3kmenntafj\u00e1rsj\u00f3\u00f0i hinnar fornu menningar vorrar og annarra Nor\u00f0urlanda\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a. Me\u00f0 tungunni hefur s\u00e9rstakt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni, s\u00e9rstakir si\u00f0ir og s\u00e9rst\u00f6k menning var\u00f0veitzt. Og me\u00f0 tungunni hefur einnig me\u00f0vitundin um s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u landsins gagnvart fr\u00e6nd\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um vorum \u00e1vallt lifa\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni. \u00deessi atri\u00f0i, s\u00e9rst\u00f6k tunga og s\u00e9rst\u00f6k menning, teljum v\u00e9r skapa oss s\u00f6gulegan og e\u00f0lilegan r\u00e9tt til fullkomins sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is.<\/p>\n
\u00deegar \u00cdsland f\u00e9kk full\u00adveldi fyrir hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rum m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 hlutverki \u00edslensk\u00adunnar \u00ed sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is\u00adbar\u00e1ttunni hafi loki\u00f0 \u2013 og \u00fe\u00f3. \u00dea\u00f0 er nefnilega til annars konar fullveldi en \u00fea\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarfarslega fullveldi sem vi\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0lu\u00f0umst fyrir einni \u00f6ld. \u00dea\u00f0 er menningarlegt fullveldi<\/em>, sem vir\u00f0ist fyrst nefnt \u00e1 prenti \u00ed grein sem birtist \u00ed fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu Skildi<\/em> \u00ed Vest\u00admannaeyjum \u00e1 fimm \u00e1ra afm\u00e6li fullveldisins, 1. desember 1923, en \u00fear segir:<\/p>\n M\u00f6rg \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 hefir or\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f3rna bl\u00f3\u00f0i sinna bestu sona til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0last stj\u00f3rnarfarslegt fullveldi. Svo mikils vir\u00f0i hefir \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 \u00feeim. \u00de\u00f3 er andlegt menningarlegt fullveldi engu minna vir\u00f0i.<\/p>\n Menningarlegt fullveldi<\/em> er vandme\u00f0fari\u00f0 hugtak vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 skilgreining \u00feess er ekki sk\u00fdr \u2013 enn \u00f3sk\u00fdrari en skilgreining stj\u00f3rnarfarslegs fullveldis sem er \u00fe\u00f3 n\u00f3gu \u00f3lj\u00f3s. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 flestir sem nota hugtaki\u00f0 telja tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 grunn\u00fe\u00e1tt og forsendu menningarlegs fullveldis eins og kom m.a. sk\u00fdrt fram \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um um Kanasj\u00f3nvarpi\u00f0 svokalla\u00f0a \u00e1 fyrri hluta sj\u00f6unda \u00e1ratugar s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar.<\/p>\n \u00cd b\u00e6klingnum \u00cdslenzk menningarhelgi<\/em> sem \u00de\u00f3rhallur Vilmundarson pr\u00f3fessor samdi 1964 leggur hann \u00e1herslu \u00e1 nau\u00f0syn \u00feess \u201ea\u00f0 standa tr\u00faan v\u00f6r\u00f0 um tungu okkar og \u00f6nnur arftekin \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar\u00adver\u00f0m\u00e6ti, sem greina okkur fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um og ein veita okkur sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt, j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt gildi \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna\u201c og g\u00e6ta \u00feannig \u00edslenskrar menningarhelgi<\/em>. \u201e[\u2026] \u00edslenzk tunga og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0leg menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti eru einangrunarfyrirb\u00e6ri \u00ed \u00feeim skiln\u00adingi, a\u00f0 \u00feau v\u00e6ru ekki til, ef \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in hef\u00f0i ekki fengi\u00f0 a\u00f0 lifa l\u00edfi s\u00ednu \u00ed \u00feessu landi \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fyrir of str\u00ed\u00f0um erlendum \u00e1hrifum\u201c, segir \u00de\u00f3rhallur.<\/p>\n Tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 skapar s\u00e9rstakan menningarheim sem b\u00e6\u00f0i b\u00e6gir fr\u00e1 \u00e1hrifum annarra menningar\u00adheima og torveldar a\u00f0gang okkar a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum menn\u00adingar\u00adheimum. En \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum hafa vissu\u00adlega or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00edfurlegar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsbreytingar sem g\u00e6tu stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00fdra menningarlegt fullveldi landsins. \u00deau \u00e1hrif koma \u00ed gegnum \u00fe\u00e1 menningu og menningarheima sem f\u00f3lk kemst n\u00fa \u00ed n\u00e1nari snertingu vi\u00f0 en \u00e1\u00f0ur, en \u00e1hrifin \u00e1 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 g\u00e6tu \u00fe\u00f3 reynst afdrifar\u00edk\u00adust.<\/p>\n Eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir er skilgreiningin \u00e1 menningarlegu fullveldi ekki \u00e1 hreinu og \u00fev\u00ed er erfitt a\u00f0 segja hven\u00e6r og hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 glatast. \u00de\u00f3tt svo f\u00e6ri a\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar leg\u00f0u \u00edslensku af, e\u00f0a h\u00fan yr\u00f0i ekki noth\u00e6f nema \u00e1 afm\u00f6rku\u00f0um svi\u00f0um, \u00fearf \u00fea\u00f0 ekki a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfkrafa til \u00feess a\u00f0 menn\u00adingar\u00adlegt fullveldi glatist. \u00c9g geri t.d. r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 \u00cdrar telji sig menningarlega fullvalda \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt flestir \u00feeirra noti ensku \u00ed \u00f6llu daglegu l\u00edfi. Vitanlega felst menningarlegt fullveldi ekki \u00ed ein\u00adangrunarstefnu og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fat af fyrir sig ekki sj\u00e1lfgefi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 dr\u00e6gi \u00far menningar\u00adstarfsemi og n\u00fdsk\u00f6pun \u00e1 svi\u00f0i menningar \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00e9r v\u00e6ri t\u00f6lu\u00f0 enska \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00edslensku.<\/p>\n En \u00edslensk menning \u00e1 ensku yr\u00f0i s\u00ed\u00f0ur a\u00f0greind fr\u00e1 menningu annarra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a, og vegna \u00feess hve samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 er f\u00e1mennt h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i a\u00f0allega \u00feiggjandi \u00e1 svi\u00f0i menningar, ef \u00feeirri v\u00f6rn sem tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 veitir yr\u00f0i kippt brott. \u00dea\u00f0 er nefnilega hreint ekki sj\u00e1lfgefi\u00f0 a\u00f0 340 \u00fe\u00fasund manna \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 eigi s\u00e9r sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt tungum\u00e1l sem s\u00e9 nota\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0l\u00edfsins, og \u00fdmislegt bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fdmsar samf\u00e9lags- og t\u00e6kni\u00adbreytingar s\u00ed\u00f0ustu 5-10 \u00e1ra valdi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan g\u00e6ti \u00e1tt undir h\u00f6gg a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum og \u00e1ratugum. Vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00fearf a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast, ekki s\u00edst af h\u00e1lfu H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0av\u00e6\u00f0ingu og t\u00e6kniframfarir er \u00edslenskan enn \u00f3endanlega mikilv\u00e6g fyrir \u00edslenskt samf\u00e9lag, og fyrir einstaklingana sem eiga hana a\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0ur\u00adm\u00e1li. Fyrir \u00fev\u00ed eru fleiri \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur en vi\u00f0 \u00e1ttum okkur kannski \u00e1 \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i.<\/p>\n \u00cd s\u00e9rhverju tungum\u00e1li felast menningarver\u00f0m\u00e6ti. S\u00e9rhvert tungum\u00e1l er einstakt \u00e1 einhvern h\u00e1tt \u2013 or\u00f0afor\u00f0i \u00feess, setningager\u00f0 og hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi eru fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum tungum\u00e1lum, merk\u00adingar\u00adbl\u00e6brig\u00f0in sem \u00fea\u00f0 getur tj\u00e1\u00f0 geyma reynslu kynsl\u00f3\u00f0anna og eru \u00f6nnur en \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum m\u00e1lum. Tungum\u00e1l sem deyr er a\u00f0 eil\u00edfu glata\u00f0 \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum um \u00fea\u00f0 miklar ritheimildir og uppt\u00f6kur, sem sjaldnast er (og sl\u00edk g\u00f6gn eru forgengileg eins og sanna\u00f0ist \u00e1takanlega \u00ed Brasil\u00edu fyrir f\u00e1um d\u00f6gum), ver\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 aldrei endurvaki\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu mynd \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1l l\u00e6rist ekki til hl\u00edtar nema berast fr\u00e1 manni til manns \u2013 fr\u00e1 foreldrum til barna.<\/p>\n S\u00e9rhvert tungum\u00e1l er l\u00edka merkilegt og einstakt fr\u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 getur hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 einhverju um e\u00f0li mannlegs m\u00e1ls. \u00cdslenska er t.d. vi\u00f0fangsefni fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim og d\u00e6mi \u00far \u00edslensku eru notu\u00f0 \u00ed kennslu \u00ed miklum fj\u00f6lda erlendra h\u00e1sk\u00f3la. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er ekki s\u00edst s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan er n\u00e1skyld ensku og l\u00edk henni \u00e1 margan h\u00e1tt, \u00feannig a\u00f0 au\u00f0velt er a\u00f0 bera m\u00e1lin saman og l\u00e1ta s\u00e9rkenni \u00edslenskunnar \u00ed beygingum og setn\u00adinga\u00ad\u00adger\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 e\u00f0li mismunar m\u00e1lanna og \u00fdmissa fyrirb\u00e6ra \u00ed \u00feeim.<\/p>\n \u00cdslenskan er l\u00edka tenging okkar vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu og menningu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar fyrr \u00e1 t\u00edmum. Vi\u00f0 nj\u00f3tum \u00feeirra forr\u00e9ttinda umfram flestar a\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir a\u00f0 geta tilt\u00f6lulega au\u00f0\u00adveld\u00adlega lesi\u00f0 texta allar g\u00f6tur fr\u00e1 upphafi ritaldar fyrir 900 \u00e1rum, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir s\u00e9u \u00fe\u00fdddir \u00e1 n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1l. Ef \u00edslenskan breytist mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0, e\u00f0a h\u00e6ttir a\u00f0 vera lifandi tungum\u00e1l, missum vi\u00f0 ekki bara bein tengsl vi\u00f0 V\u00f6lusp\u00e1<\/em> og Nj\u00e1lu<\/em>, heldur l\u00edka vi\u00f0 \u00cdslenskan a\u00f0al<\/em> og \u00cdslandsklukkuna<\/em>, Engla alheimsins<\/em> og Kalda\u00adlj\u00f3s<\/em>, og meira a\u00f0 segja Arnald og Yrsu. \u00dear me\u00f0 v\u00e6ri hi\u00f0 margr\u00f3ma\u00f0a samhengi \u00ed \u00eds\u00adlensk\u00adum b\u00f3kmenntum og menningu foki\u00f0 \u00fat \u00ed ve\u00f0ur og vind.<\/p>\n Vitanlega er \u00edslenskan ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur f\u00e9lagslegt fyrirb\u00e6ri \u2013 langsamlega mikil\u00adv\u00e6gasta sam\u00adskipta\u00adt\u00e6ki okkar vi\u00f0 anna\u00f0 f\u00f3lk. \u00deess vegna m\u00e1 h\u00fan ekki sta\u00f0na heldur \u00fearf a\u00f0 vera lifandi og laga sig a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f6rfum samf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 hverjum t\u00edma. H\u00fan ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00feola tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed fram\u00adbur\u00f0i, beyg\u00adingum og setningager\u00f0, og a\u00f0 n\u00fd or\u00f0 komi inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 og g\u00f6mul or\u00f0 f\u00e1i n\u00fdja merkingu. H\u00fan m\u00e1 ekki ver\u00f0a einkaeign \u00e1kve\u00f0inna h\u00f3pa, og \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki nota hana og tilbrig\u00f0i \u00ed beitingu hennar til a\u00f0 mismuna f\u00f3lki e\u00f0a flokka \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 nokkurn h\u00e1tt. \u201eSannmenta\u00f0ur ma\u00f0ur elskar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni sitt og tungu, enn hann miklast ekki af \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni s\u00ednu, fyrirl\u00edtur ekki a\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir nje \u00feykist upp yfir \u00fe\u00e6r hafinn,\u201c sag\u00f0i Bj\u00f6rn M. \u00d3lsen rektor \u00ed fyrstu setningarr\u00e6\u00f0u H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands 1911.<\/p>\n En s\u00ed\u00f0ast en ekki s\u00edst er \u00edslenskan \u00fatr\u00e1s fyrir tilfinningar okkar \u2013 \u00e1st og gle\u00f0i, hatur og rei\u00f0i, sorg og hrygg\u00f0, vonir og \u00fer\u00e1r \u2013 en l\u00edka t\u00e6ki okkar til sk\u00f6punar, mi\u00f0lunar og frj\u00f3rrar hugsunar. Tungum\u00e1l sem vi\u00f0 tileinkum okkur \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00f6kuskei\u00f0i, m\u00f3\u00f0ur\u00adm\u00e1l okkar, er hluti af okkur sj\u00e1lfum, einkaeign okkar jafnframt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera sam\u00adeign alls m\u00e1lsamf\u00e9lagsins og \u00ed vissum skilningi alls mannkyns. \u00deetta hlj\u00f3mar eins og \u00fevers\u00f6gn \u2013 og er \u00fevers\u00f6gn. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki einfalt a\u00f0 umgangast m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00f6ll \u00feessi hlutverk \u00feess s\u00e9u h\u00f6f\u00f0 \u00ed hei\u00f0ri.<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 er samt \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 gera og \u00fea\u00f0 byggist \u00e1 umbur\u00f0ar\u00adlyndi, vir\u00f0ingu og tillitssemi. Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 nota tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 mis\u00adbj\u00f3\u00f0i engum. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki vera \u00feannig a\u00f0 einhverjum h\u00f3pum \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu finnist \u00eds\u00adlensk\u00adan ekki gera r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir s\u00e9r, og \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki heldur vera \u00feannig a\u00f0 einhverjum finnist gert l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00far \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1li og \u00feeirri m\u00e1lnotkun sem \u00feau eru alin upp vi\u00f0.<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekki a\u00f0 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulausu a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands, helsta v\u00edsinda- og menntastofnun landsins, hefur sett s\u00e9r m\u00e1lstefnu \u00fear sem l\u00f6g\u00f0 er \u00e1hersla \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00edslenska s\u00e9 sj\u00e1lfgefi\u00f0 talm\u00e1l og ritm\u00e1l sk\u00f3lans, \u00ed kennslu, ranns\u00f3knum og stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu, og s\u00e9rstaka \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u \u00feurfi til a\u00f0 breg\u00f0a \u00fat af \u00fev\u00ed. Og fullyr\u00f0a m\u00e1 a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn hafi allt fr\u00e1 upphafi gegnt lykilhlutverki \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda menn\u00adingar\u00adlegu fullveldi \u00cdslands. Eina n\u00fdja deildin sem var\u00f0 til um lei\u00f0 og H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn var Heimspeki\u00addeild, eina deildin sem haf\u00f0i ekki \u00fea\u00f0 hlutverk a\u00f0 mennta emb\u00e6ttismenn heldur \u00e1ttu \u00edslensk fr\u00e6\u00f0i, ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 \u00edslenskri tungu, b\u00f3kmenntum og s\u00f6gu, a\u00f0 vera \u00ed \u00f6ndvegi. H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn er eina menntastofnun landsins \u00fear sem \u00edslenska er kennd sem s\u00e9rst\u00f6k grein, allt til \u00e6\u00f0stu pr\u00f3fgr\u00e1\u00f0u.<\/p>\n Ein meginbreytingin vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e6\u00f0ri menntun fluttist inn \u00ed landi\u00f0 var s\u00fa a\u00f0 kennslan f\u00f3r fram \u00e1 \u00edslensku, \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega hafi meginhluti lesefnis \u00ed m\u00f6rgum deildum sk\u00f3lans lengi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 er\u00adlendum m\u00e1lum. \u00deetta hefur skipt miklu m\u00e1li fyrir \u00edslenskuna \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 margir kennarar sk\u00f3lans hafa veri\u00f0 brautry\u00f0jendur \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 rita um fr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00edn \u00e1 \u00edslensku. Ef \u00feeir hef\u00f0u ekki \u00e1tt kost \u00e1 akadem\u00edsku starfi \u00e1 \u00cdslandi er \u00f3v\u00edst, og raunar \u00f3l\u00edklegt, a\u00f0 margir \u00feeirra hef\u00f0u lagt sl\u00edk skrif fyrir sig. \u00dea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i geta\u00f0 haft \u00feau \u00e1hrif a\u00f0 \u00fdmis fr\u00e6\u00f0asvi\u00f0 l\u00e6gju \u00f3b\u00e6tt hj\u00e1 gar\u00f0i og ekki v\u00e6ru til v\u00edsindarit, fr\u00e6\u00f0sluefni fyrir almenning e\u00f0a kennsluefni \u00e1 \u00edslensku \u00e1 \u00feeim svi\u00f0um.<\/p>\n Sta\u00f0a \u00edslenskunnar innan H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans hefur \u00f3neitanlega breyst talsvert \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum og n\u00e1m\u00adskei\u00f0\u00adum sem eru kennd \u00e1 ensku hefur sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt fari\u00f0 fj\u00f6lgandi. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegur fylgifiskur e\u00f0lilegrar og nau\u00f0synlegrar \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku sk\u00f3lans \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu h\u00e1sk\u00f3la\u00adstarfi. Erlendum st\u00fadent\u00adum hefur fj\u00f6lga\u00f0 miki\u00f0, b\u00e6\u00f0i skiptinemum og \u00feeim sem stefna \u00e1 gr\u00e1\u00f0u fr\u00e1 sk\u00f3lanum, og \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum hefur erlendum kennurum einnig fj\u00f6lga\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed akadem\u00edskri \u00fej\u00e1lfun st\u00fadenta a\u00f0 gera \u00feeim kleift a\u00f0 fjalla um vi\u00f0fangsefni s\u00edn \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00e1li, sem er enska en ekki \u00edslenska hvort sem okkur l\u00edkar betur e\u00f0a verr.<\/p>\n \u00deessi \u00fer\u00f3un m\u00e1 hins vegar ekki lei\u00f0a til \u00feess a\u00f0 heilu greinarnar ver\u00f0i eing\u00f6ngu kenndar \u00e1 ensku. Eitt meginhlutverk H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans er a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3na \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi \u2013 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 \u201emi\u00f0lun \u00feekk\u00adingar og f\u00e6rni til nemenda og samf\u00e9lagsins alls\u201c eins og segir \u00ed l\u00f6gum um h\u00e1sk\u00f3la. Raunar held \u00e9g a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra megi r\u00f6k a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sk\u00f3linn leiki st\u00e6rra hlutverk \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi s\u00ednu en nokkur annar h\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00ed heiminum. \u00cd fyrstu setningarr\u00e6\u00f0u sk\u00f3lans t\u00f3k Bj\u00f6rn M. \u00d3lsen fram a\u00f0 auk \u00feeirra megin\u00adhlut\u00adverka a\u00f0 vera v\u00edsindaleg ranns\u00f3knarstofnun og v\u00edsindaleg fr\u00e6\u00f0slustofnun \u00feyrfti sk\u00f3linn \u201ea\u00f0 veita m\u00f6nnum \u00fe\u00e1 undirb\u00faningsmentun, sem \u00feeim er nau\u00f0synleg, til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir geti tekist \u00e1 hendur \u00fdms emb\u00e6tti e\u00f0a s\u00fdslanir \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fjelaginu\u201c \u2013 \u00fati um allt land, \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00adl\u00edfsins. \u00dea\u00f0 er grund\u00advallar\u00adatri\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00feetta f\u00f3lk geti tala\u00f0 um fr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00edn og vi\u00f0fangsefni vi\u00f0 almenn\u00ading \u2013 \u00e1 m\u00e1li sem f\u00f3lk skilur. \u00dea\u00f0 getur reynst \u00ferautin \u00feyngri ef f\u00f3lki\u00f0 hefur ekki fengi\u00f0 neina \u00e6fingu \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed n\u00e1mi s\u00ednu vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 allt lesefni og \u00f6ll kennsla hafi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 ensku.<\/p>\n Jar\u00f0v\u00edsindaf\u00f3lk vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann og Ve\u00f0urstofuna er t\u00ed\u00f0ir gestir \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum til a\u00f0 tala um hugsan\u00adleg eldgos \u00ed \u00d6r\u00e6faj\u00f6kli, K\u00f6tlu og v\u00ed\u00f0ar, og \u00feetta f\u00f3lk fer einnig austur \u00ed \u00d6r\u00ad\u00e6fasveit og undir Eyjafj\u00f6ll til a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a vi\u00f0 heima\u00adf\u00f3lk og \u00fatsk\u00fdra st\u00f6\u00f0una. \u00c9g veit alveg hva\u00f0 sig<\/em>\u00adketill<\/em> er, og kvikuh\u00f3lf<\/em>, og sprengigos<\/em>, og j\u00f6kul<\/em>\u00adhlaup<\/em>, og \u00e9g er ekki \u00ed vafa um a\u00f0 \u00d6r\u00e6fingar og Eyfellingar vita \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka. En \u00e9g hef ekki hugmynd um hva\u00f0 neitt af \u00feessu er \u00e1 ensku, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er eins gott a\u00f0 Magn\u00fas Tumi og P\u00e1ll Einarsson og Krist\u00ad\u00edn \u00e1 Ve\u00f0urstofunni og \u00f6ll hin eru ekki \u00ed neinum vandr\u00e6\u00f0um me\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra st\u00f6\u00f0\u00aduna me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp \u00feessara or\u00f0a og margra fleiri \u00edslenskra \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0a sem vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum \u00f6ll.<\/p>\n En ef \u00f6ll jar\u00f0v\u00edsindakennsla vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3lann f\u00e6ri fram \u00e1 ensku er ekkert v\u00edst a\u00f0 \u00feau hef\u00f0u \u00feessi or\u00f0 \u00e1 valdi s\u00ednu \u2013 og \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki einu sinni v\u00edst a\u00f0 sum or\u00f0in v\u00e6ru til, vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 fj\u00f6ldi kennara vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann hefur unni\u00f0 miki\u00f0 starf vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00edslenska or\u00f0afor\u00f0a fr\u00e6\u00f0igreina sinna. \u00deannig gera \u00feau fr\u00e6\u00f0if\u00f3lki \u00e1 s\u00ednu svi\u00f0i kleift a\u00f0 tala um fr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00edn \u00e1 \u00edslensku \u2013 ekki bara \u00feeim sem hafa l\u00e6rt vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3lann, heldur l\u00edka \u00feeim sem hafa numi\u00f0 s\u00edn fr\u00e6\u00f0i erlendis. \u00deetta er gott d\u00e6mi um mikil\u00adv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn leggi r\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskuna \u2013 leggi sitt af m\u00f6rkum til \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 noth\u00e6f, og notu\u00f0, \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um, svo vitna\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed \u00edslenska m\u00e1lstefnu og m\u00e1lstefnu H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans.<\/p>\n En til a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan lifi og geti \u00fej\u00f3na\u00f0 margslungnu hlutverki s\u00ednu um \u00f3komin \u00e1r er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 efla hana og styrkja, og \u00fe\u00e1 er aftur komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fullveldisafm\u00e6linu og hlutverki H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed var\u00f0\u00adveislu menningarlegs fullveldis. Fyrir tveimur \u00e1rum sam\u00ad\u00feykkti Al\u00feingi \u00feings\u00ad\u00e1lyktun um hvernig minnast skuli aldar\u00adafm\u00e6lis sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is og full\u00adveldis \u00cdslands. \u00dear er r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rninni m.a. fali\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u201eundirb\u00faa \u00e1lykt\u00adunar\u00adtil\u00adl\u00f6gu um uppbyggingu innvi\u00f0a fyrir m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni fyrir \u00edslenska tungu og fimm \u00e1ra \u00e1\u00e6tlun um \u00fea\u00f0 efni\u201c. \u00cd s\u00e1ttm\u00e1la n\u00fa\u00adver\u00adandi r\u00edkis\u00adstj\u00f3rnar segir: \u201eFj\u00e1rm\u00f6gnu\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun um m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00edslensk tunga ver\u00f0i gjaldgeng \u00ed stafr\u00e6num heimi.\u201c<\/p>\n Fyrir t\u00e6pum m\u00e1nu\u00f0i undirrita\u00f0i mennta- og menn\u00adingar\u00adm\u00e1la\u00adr\u00e1\u00f0herra samning vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00adeignar\u00adstofnun\u00adina Almanna\u00adr\u00f3m um a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 \u00edslenskrar m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni og sj\u00e1 um framkv\u00e6md a\u00f0\u00adger\u00f0a\u00ad\u00ad\u00e1\u00e6tlunar \u00ed m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni n\u00e6stu fimm \u00e1r. A\u00f0 Almannar\u00f3mi stendur brei\u00f0fylking rann\u00ads\u00f3knar\u00adstofn\u00adana og hagsmunaa\u00f0ila \u2013 H\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands og H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, \u00c1rnastofn\u00adun, Sam\u00adt\u00f6k atvinnu\u00adl\u00edfsins og \u00fdmis fyrirt\u00e6ki \u00ed uppl\u00fdsingat\u00e6kni og fleiri greinum, \u00d6ryrkjabanda\u00adlagi\u00f0 og Blindra\u00adf\u00e9lag\u00adi\u00f0, og fleiri.<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 er vi\u00f0urkennt me\u00f0al fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horf m\u00e1lnotenda til m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1ls s\u00edns, ekki s\u00edst vi\u00f0\u00adhorf ungu kynsl\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 sem skiptir mestu um framt\u00ed\u00f0arhorfur m\u00e1lsins. \u00dea\u00f0 eru \u00fdmsar v\u00edsbendingar um a\u00f0 ungir \u00cdslendingar l\u00edti ekki \u00e1 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 sem jafnmikilv\u00e6gan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed sj\u00e1lfs\u00admynd sinni og \u00feau sem eldri eru og hafi ekki jafnj\u00e1kv\u00e6tt vi\u00f0horf til m\u00e1lsins. Ungt f\u00f3lk n\u00fa \u00e1 d\u00f6gum vill geta l\u00e6rt, b\u00fai\u00f0 og starfa\u00f0 erlendis og veit a\u00f0 \u00edslenskan gagnast \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edti\u00f0 utan \u00cdslands. Ef ekki ver\u00f0ur heldur h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota m\u00e1li\u00f0 alls sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 \u00cdslandi, og jafnvel ekki inni \u00e1 heimilinu \u00ed samskiptum vi\u00f0 stafr\u00e6na a\u00f0sto\u00f0armenn og \u00f6nnur t\u00f6lvust\u00fdr\u00f0 t\u00e6ki, er h\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 unga kyn\u00adsl\u00f3\u00f0in missi tr\u00fa \u00e1 \u00edslenskuna og gagnsemi hennar.<\/p>\n Me\u00f0 a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun \u00ed m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni er stigi\u00f0 st\u00f3rt skref til a\u00f0 tryggja vi\u00f0 getum nota\u00f0 \u00edslenskuna \u00e1fram \u2013 ekki bara \u00ed \u00f6llum \u00feeim mikilv\u00e6gu hlut\u00adverkum sem \u00e9g taldi upp \u00e1\u00f0an, heldur einnig \u00ed sam\u00adskipt\u00adum okkar vi\u00f0 t\u00f6lvur og hvers kyns t\u00f6lvust\u00fdr\u00f0 t\u00e6ki \u00ed \u00feeim stafr\u00e6na heimi gervigreindar sem vi\u00f0 erum \u00e1 hra\u00f0ri lei\u00f0 inn \u00ed. \u00dea\u00f0 er ein helsta forsendan fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00f6rnin okkar og barnab\u00f6rnin geti og vilji nota \u00edslensku \u00e1fram. \u00deetta m\u00e1 ekki vera einkam\u00e1l greina eins og \u00edslensku og t\u00f6lvunarfr\u00e6\u00f0i, heldur ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera samvinnuverkefni allra fr\u00e6\u00f0asvi\u00f0a, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 var\u00f0ar okkur \u00f6ll og er hluti af okkur \u00f6llum. \u00dea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gasta fullveldism\u00e1li\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 getum \u00e1fram nota\u00f0 \u00edslensku \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um og \u00fear ver\u00f0ur H\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands a\u00f0 vera \u00ed forystu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dea\u00f0 fer vel \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00e6tt s\u00e9 um \u00edslenskuna og st\u00f6\u00f0u hennar \u00feegar aldarafm\u00e6lis fullveldisins er minnst. Allt fr\u00e1 upphafi frelsis\u00adbar\u00e1ttu \u00cdslend\u00adinga \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld var \u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 og mikil\u00adv\u00e6gi \u00feess fyrir \u00edslenskt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00aderni og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arvitund \u2013 land, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 og tunga hefur lengi veri\u00f0 \u00f3rj\u00fafanleg \u00ferenning \u00ed huga margra \u00cdslend\u00adinga. S\u00e9rstakt tungum\u00e1l […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158637],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-erindi-og-greinar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3168"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3169,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3168\/revisions\/3169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}