{"id":3189,"date":"2019-09-25T16:31:39","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T16:31:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3189"},"modified":"2020-11-10T16:33:01","modified_gmt":"2020-11-10T16:33:01","slug":"um-upphaf-beygingarlysingar-islensks-nutimamals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2019\/09\/25\/um-upphaf-beygingarlysingar-islensks-nutimamals\/","title":{"rendered":"Um upphaf Beygingarl\u00fdsingar \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dea\u00f0 er s\u00e9rlega \u00e1n\u00e6gjulegt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 segja nokkur or\u00f0 um fors\u00f6gu og upphaf Beygingarl\u00fdsingar \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls<\/em> sem h\u00e9r er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 opna \u00ed n\u00fdrri og endurb\u00e6ttri ger\u00f0. \u00c9g stend nefnilega \u00ed \u00feeirri meiningu a\u00f0 \u00e9g beri einhvern hluta \u00e1byrg\u00f0arinnar \u00e1 upphafi \u00feessa verks. Krist\u00edn Bjarna\u00add\u00f3ttir var nemandi minn \u00ed fyrsta n\u00e1mskei\u00f0inu sem \u00e9g kenndi \u00ed \u00edslensku, veturinn 1982-1983. \u00c1 vormisseri var vi\u00f0fangsefni\u00f0 einkum beygingar- og or\u00f0myndunarfr\u00e6\u00f0i \u2013 \u00e9g var \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 skrifa kennslub\u00f3kina \u00cdslenska or\u00f0hlutafr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em> sem \u00e9g t\u00edndi \u00ed nemendur jafn\u00f3\u00f0um. \u00c9g er ekki fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e1huga Krist\u00ednar \u00e1 or\u00f0um, ger\u00f0 \u00feeirra og heg\u00f0un, megi a\u00f0 einhverju leyti rekja til \u00feessa n\u00e1m\u00adskei\u00f0s. Beygingarl\u00fdsingin er n\u00e1tt\u00farulega barn Krist\u00ad\u00ednar og s\u00e9 \u00feessi skilningur minn r\u00e9ttur m\u00e1 \u00e9g \u00fev\u00ed kannski me\u00f0 vissum h\u00e6tti kallast afi Beyg\u00adingar\u00adl\u00fdsingar\u00adinnar.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta var vori\u00f0 1983 og n\u00fa ver\u00f0 \u00e9g a\u00f0 hlaupa yfir 18 \u00e1r \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fdmislegt hafi gerst \u00e1 \u00feeim \u00e1rum sem segja m\u00e6tti fr\u00e1 ef t\u00edmi v\u00e6ri til. En \u00ed lok \u00e1g\u00fast 2001 kom tilkynning \u00e1 p\u00f3stlista sem \u00e9g var \u00e1 um a\u00f0 s\u00e6nski m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni\u00adh\u00e1sk\u00f3linn, Swedish Graduate School of Language Technology<\/em>, sem t\u00f3k til starfa \u00feetta haust, by\u00f0i tv\u00f6 n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 sem unnt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 taka \u00ed fjarn\u00e1mi me\u00f0 sta\u00f0lotum. Nemendur utan Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar g\u00e1tu s\u00f3tt um a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00feessi n\u00e1mskei\u00f0, og \u00fea\u00f0 sem skipti \u00f6llu m\u00e1li \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 var hugsanlegt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 styrk til fer\u00f0a og uppihalds \u00far norr\u00e6nu m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni\u00e1\u00e6tluninni sem \u00fe\u00e1 var \u00ed gangi. Vi\u00f0 Krist\u00edn h\u00f6f\u00f0\u00adum oft r\u00e6tt sameiginlegan \u00e1huga okkar \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni \u2013 sem var nefnd tungut\u00e6kni \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 daga \u2013 og \u00e9g haf\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed samband vi\u00f0 hana til a\u00f0 segja henni fr\u00e1 \u00feessu.<\/p>\n

Um sama leyti f\u00e9kk \u00e9g p\u00f3st fr\u00e1 Sigr\u00fanu Helgad\u00f3ttur, sem \u00fe\u00e1 var n\u00fdh\u00e6tt st\u00f6rfum \u00e1 Hagstofu \u00cdslands, og vildi spyrjast fyrir um m\u00e1lt\u00e6knikennslu sem til st\u00f3\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6fist vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. \u00c9g sag\u00f0i henni fr\u00e1 s\u00e6nska sk\u00f3lanum og \u00ferem vikum s\u00ed\u00f0ar vorum vi\u00f0 fj\u00f3rir \u00cdslendingar \u2013 Krist\u00edn, Sigr\u00fan, Au\u00f0ur \u00de\u00f3runn R\u00f6gnvaldsd\u00f3ttir og \u00e9g \u2013 komin til Gautaborgar \u00e1 sta\u00f0lotu \u00ed n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i sem h\u00e9t \u201eNatural Language Processing\u201c. Vi\u00f0 s\u00e1tum svo sveitt vi\u00f0 verkefnavinnu allt hausti\u00f0 en n\u00e1mskei\u00f0inu lauk me\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00ed V\u00e4xj\u00f6 \u00ed jan\u00faar 2002. \u00deetta n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 var\u00f0 afdrifa\u00adr\u00edkt og marka\u00f0i \u00ed raun upphaf reglulegs akadem\u00edsks m\u00e1lt\u00e6knistarfs \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00e9ldum \u00f6ll \u00e1fram a\u00f0 vinna \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i sem vi\u00f0 hef\u00f0um varla gert \u00e1n n\u00e1mskei\u00f0sins, a.m.k. ekki Sigr\u00fan sem var einn helsti bur\u00f0ar\u00e1s \u00edslensks m\u00e1lt\u00e6knistarfs n\u00e6stu 15 \u00e1r. Auk \u00feess komumst vi\u00f0 \u00fear \u00ed kynni vi\u00f0 \u00fdmislegt f\u00f3lk sem hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0i okkur af sta\u00f0 og vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum s\u00ed\u00f0an veri\u00f0 \u00ed meira og minna sambandi vi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta sama haust, 2001, var svo augl\u00fdst \u00ed fyrsta skipti eftir ums\u00f3knum um styrki \u00far tungut\u00e6kni\u00adverkefni menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneytisins. Vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6gur, sem k\u00f6llu\u00f0um okkur M\u00e1lgreiningarh\u00f3pinn eftir heimkomuna fr\u00e1 Gautaborg og verkefnavinnu \u00ed n\u00e1mskei\u00f0inu, vorum svo uppve\u00f0ru\u00f0 og \u00e1huga\u00ads\u00f6m a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ttum frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00feremur ums\u00f3knum sem sendar voru inn um mi\u00f0jan desember. Vi\u00f0 fengum Or\u00f0ab\u00f3k H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed li\u00f0 me\u00f0 okkur sem l\u00e1 beint vi\u00f0 \u2013 g\u00f6gnin sem vi\u00f0 \u00e6tlu\u00f0um a\u00f0 byggja \u00e1 voru \u00fear, Krist\u00edn vann \u00fear, og \u00e9g var stj\u00f3rnarforma\u00f0ur Or\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar um \u00fe\u00e6r mundir. Vori\u00f0 2002 \u00e1kva\u00f0 svo menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra a\u00f0 styrkja tv\u00e6r \u00feessara ums\u00f3kna.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nnur \u00feeirra ums\u00f3kna sem fengu styrk var um ger\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1lfunarl\u00edkans fyrir \u00edslenskan markara og bygg\u00f0ist \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00ed i\u00f0rum t\u00f6lvukerfis Or\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar leyndust grunnskr\u00e1r sem ger\u00f0ar h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 fyrir \u00cdslenska or\u00f0t\u00ed\u00f0nib\u00f3k<\/em> \u00e1ratug \u00e1\u00f0ur. \u00dea\u00f0 var hrein heppni a\u00f0 \u00feessar skr\u00e1r h\u00f6f\u00f0u var\u00f0\u00adveist \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 enginn s\u00e1 gagnsemi \u00feeirra fyrir, en \u00fe\u00e6r ur\u00f0u \u00ed raun undirsta\u00f0a allrar v\u00e9lr\u00e6nnar m\u00e1l\u00adfr\u00e6\u00f0igreiningar \u00e1 \u00edslensku n\u00e6stu 15 \u00e1rin \u2013 og a\u00f0 nokkru leyti enn. \u00deessi ums\u00f3kn var send \u00ed nafni Or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans og M\u00e1lgreiningarh\u00f3psins. Ums\u00f3knin sem ekki f\u00e9kk brautargengi \u00ed \u00feetta skipti var um ger\u00f0 \u00edslenskrar m\u00e1lheildar \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 verkefni f\u00e9kk ekki styrk fyrr en \u00feremur \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar og var\u00f0 \u00e1 endanum a\u00f0 Marka\u00f0ri \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lheild<\/em>. \u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 or\u00f0in mark<\/em>, mark<\/em>\u00adari<\/em>, m\u00f6rkun<\/em> og m\u00e1lheild<\/em> ur\u00f0u \u00f6ll til vi\u00f0 samningu \u00feessara ums\u00f3kna um mi\u00f0jan desember 2001.<\/p>\n

Hin ums\u00f3knin sem f\u00e9kk styrk var send \u00ed nafni Or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans og Eddu \u00fatg\u00e1fa, en r\u00edk \u00e1hersla var l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6ki t\u00e6kju \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed verkefnunum til a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 \u00feau n\u00fdttust vi\u00f0 ger\u00f0 m\u00e1l\u00adt\u00e6kni\u00adb\u00fana\u00f0ar. S\u00fa ums\u00f3kn var hugarsm\u00ed\u00f0 Krist\u00ednar sem haf\u00f0i lengi haft \u00e1huga \u00e1 a\u00f0 vinna sl\u00edkt verk en \u00fearna komu loks forsendur til \u00feess. Krist\u00edn var vitanlega b\u00fain a\u00f0 vinna a\u00f0 beyg\u00adingar\u00adlegri greiningu og l\u00fdsingu \u00e1rum saman, einkum \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 hi\u00f0 svokalla\u00f0a norr\u00e6na verkefni hj\u00e1 Or\u00f0ab\u00f3kinni sem var undanfari ISLEX og svo vi\u00f0 endursko\u00f0un \u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0a<\/em>\u00adb\u00f3kar<\/em> \u00e1 vegum M\u00e1ls og menningar. H\u00fan samdi \u00fev\u00ed \u00feessa ums\u00f3kn a\u00f0 mestu, \u00ed ein\u00adhverju samr\u00e1\u00f0i vi\u00f0 M\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00c1rnason sem \u00fe\u00e1 var ritstj\u00f3ri \u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar<\/em>. Krist\u00edn haf\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 \u00feegar lagt dr\u00f6g a\u00f0 beygingarl\u00fdsingunni, komi\u00f0 upp miklu hr\u00e1efni \u00ed hana og haf\u00f0i nokku\u00f0 m\u00f3ta\u00f0ar hugmyndir um hva\u00f0 h\u00fan vildi gera. \u00cd ums\u00f3kninni fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed desember 2001 koma megin\u00adeinkenni verksins fram en \u00fear segir \u00ed byrjun:<\/p>\n

S\u00f3tt er um styrk til ger\u00f0ar beygingarl\u00fdsingar \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls. Markmi\u00f0 er a\u00f0 koma upp beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00e1 t\u00f6lvut\u00e6ku formi sem birt ver\u00f0ur \u00ed t\u00f6lvu\u00fatg\u00e1fu \u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar<\/em> [\u2026] fr\u00e1 Eddu hf. og \u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0u Or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans [\u2026]. A\u00f0gangur a\u00f0 beygingaruppl\u00fdsingunum \u00ed formi beygingard\u00e6ma yr\u00f0i \u00f6llum frj\u00e1ls \u00e1n endurgjalds \u00e1 heimas\u00ed\u00f0u Or\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar. Jafnframt yr\u00f0i til t\u00f6lvut\u00e6k beygingarl\u00fdsing sem yr\u00f0i f\u00f6l til nota \u00ed verkefni af \u00fdmsu tagi.<\/p>\n

\u00dearna var sem s\u00e9 \u00feegar \u00ed upphafi l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1hersla \u00e1 hi\u00f0 tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tta gildi Beygingarl\u00fdsingarinnar \u2013 annars vegar sem uppflettigagn fyrir almenning og hins vegar sem gagnasafn til nota \u00ed m\u00e1l\u00adt\u00e6kni\u00adverkefnum.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta var hausti\u00f0 2001 og n\u00fa eru aftur li\u00f0in 18 \u00e1r. \u00c1 \u00feeim t\u00edma hefur margt gerst sem \u00e9g \u00e6tla ekki a\u00f0 rekja en l\u00e6t n\u00e6gja a\u00f0 nefna a\u00f0 Krist\u00edn hefur veri\u00f0 \u00f3\u00fereytandi \u00ed a\u00f0 byggja Beygingar\u00adl\u00fdsinguna upp, auka og b\u00e6ta. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur skila\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 Beygingarl\u00fdsingin hefur fullkomlega sta\u00f0i\u00f0 undir \u00feeim vonum sem vi\u00f0 ger\u00f0um okkur \u00ed upphafi og \u00feeim fyrirheitum sem gefin voru, enda er h\u00fan annars vegar eitt mikilv\u00e6gasta og mest nota\u00f0a stu\u00f0ningsgagn \u00edslenskra m\u00e1lnot\u00adenda, og hins vegar ein meginundirsta\u00f0a \u00fer\u00f3unar \u00ed \u00edslenskri m\u00e1lt\u00e6kni. S\u00fa sta\u00f0a mun enn styrkj\u00adast me\u00f0 \u00feessari n\u00fdju ger\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dea\u00f0 er s\u00e9rlega \u00e1n\u00e6gjulegt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 segja nokkur or\u00f0 um fors\u00f6gu og upphaf Beygingarl\u00fdsingar \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls sem h\u00e9r er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 opna \u00ed n\u00fdrri og endurb\u00e6ttri ger\u00f0. \u00c9g stend nefnilega \u00ed \u00feeirri meiningu a\u00f0 \u00e9g beri einhvern hluta \u00e1byrg\u00f0arinnar \u00e1 upphafi \u00feessa verks. Krist\u00edn Bjarna\u00add\u00f3ttir var nemandi minn \u00ed fyrsta n\u00e1mskei\u00f0inu sem \u00e9g kenndi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158637],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-erindi-og-greinar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3189"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3190,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3189\/revisions\/3190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}