{"id":3197,"date":"2020-11-13T08:00:44","date_gmt":"2020-11-13T08:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3197"},"modified":"2020-11-11T22:04:57","modified_gmt":"2020-11-11T22:04:57","slug":"steinrikur-og-moldrikur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/11\/13\/steinrikur-og-moldrikur\/","title":{"rendered":"J\u00f3akim fr\u00e6ndi, \u00c1str\u00edkur og Steinr\u00edkur"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c1hersluforli\u00f0ir l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a eru fj\u00f6lmargir og uppruni \u00feeirra mismunandi. \u00cd flestum tilvikum er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a upphaflegar l\u00edkingar, eins og \u00ed eldrau\u00f0ur '<\/em>rau\u00f0ur eins og eldur', eldheitur '<\/em>heitur eins og eldur' o.s.frv., En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00edkingunni felst oft \u00e1hersluauki fer f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 skynja forli\u00f0inn \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00e1herslan s\u00e9 meginhlutverk hans, og \u00e1herslumerkingin yfirtekur \u00fe\u00e1 b\u00f3kstaflegu merkinguna og \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota hann \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 um nokkra l\u00edkingu s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 eins og \u00ed eldkl\u00e1r<\/em>, eldhress<\/em>, eldfj\u00f6rugur<\/em>, eldsn\u00f6ggur<\/em> o.s.frv. Stundum getur leiki\u00f0 vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvort um l\u00edkingu e\u00f0a \u00e1herslu er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og eldsnemma <\/em>g\u00e6ti eld-<\/em> bara merkt 'mj\u00f6g', \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega megi hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 um s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a l\u00edkingu vi\u00f0 s\u00f3laruppr\u00e1sina.<\/p>\n

Einn sl\u00edkur \u00e1hersluforli\u00f0ur er stein-<\/em>, \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og steindau\u00f0ur<\/em>, steingeldur<\/em>, steinsofandi<\/em> o.fl. \u00cd \u00feeim or\u00f0um m\u00e1 l\u00edta \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 sem l\u00edkingu \u2013 steindau\u00f0ur<\/em> er 'dau\u00f0ur eins og steinn'. En \u00e1hersluforli\u00f0urinn stein-<\/em> kemur einnig fyrir \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 um l\u00edkingu s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, a.m.k. \u00ed l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu steinr\u00edkur<\/em>, sem aldrei hefur veri\u00f0 miki\u00f0 nota\u00f0. \u00cd elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 or\u00f0 er reyndar ekki um l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, heldur mannsnafn. \u00cd rev\u00edunni Hall\u00f3 Amer\u00edka<\/em> sem var s\u00fdnd \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk 1942 kom fyrir pers\u00f3nan Steinr\u00edkur<\/em> millj\u00f3neri, riddari af Petsam\u00f3-or\u00f0unni. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edtill vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0an \u00feetta nafn er fengi\u00f0 \u2013 vi\u00f0 sem h\u00f6fum lesi\u00f0 Andr\u00e9s \u00d6nd \u00e1 d\u00f6nsku vitum a\u00f0 \u00fear er l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 stenrig<\/em> i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0 um J\u00f3akim fr\u00e6nda.<\/p>\n

Elstu d\u00e6min um steinr\u00edkur<\/em> sem l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 eru litlu yngri, en \u00f3v\u00edst er hvort rev\u00edan hefur flutt or\u00f0i\u00f0 inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 e\u00f0a hvort \u00fea\u00f0 hefur eitthva\u00f0 veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur og veri\u00f0 teki\u00f0 til handargagns \u00ed rev\u00edunni. \u00deegar fari\u00f0 var a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a b\u00e6kurnar um Asterix<\/strong><\/em> \u00e1 \u00edslensku seint \u00e1 \u00e1ttunda \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar \u00fe\u00f3tti e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 gefa pers\u00f3nunum \u00edslensk n\u00f6fn og a\u00f0alpers\u00f3nunni var vali\u00f0 nafn sem hlj\u00f3ma\u00f0i svipa\u00f0 og erlenda heiti\u00f0 \u2013 \u00c1str\u00edkur<\/em>. Besti vinur hans h\u00e9t nafni me\u00f0 s\u00f6mu endingu, Obelix<\/strong><\/em>, og \u00fear sem hann bar i\u00f0ulega bautastein \u00e1 bakinu l\u00e1 beint vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 gefa honum nafni\u00f0 Steinr\u00edkur<\/em>. \u00dear hefur stein-<\/em> \u00fev\u00ed b\u00f3kstaflega merkingu \u2013 'r\u00edkur af steinum'.<\/p>\n

J\u00f3akim fr\u00e6ndi var sannarlega steinr\u00edkur<\/em> en \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i l\u00edka m\u00e1tt l\u00fdsa honum sem moldr\u00edkum<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 merkir eing\u00f6ngu 'vellau\u00f0ugur', '\u00e1kaflega r\u00edkur' samkv\u00e6mt or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum, og \u00e1 V\u00edsindavefnum<\/em> er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00e9 l\u00edking, \u201es\u00f3tt til \u00feess a\u00f0 moldin er duftkennd blanda me\u00f0 fleiri kornum en t\u00f6lu ver\u00f0ur \u00e1 komi\u00f0 me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0u m\u00f3ti\u201c. En \u00feegar a\u00f0 er g\u00e1\u00f0 kemur \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 lengi framan af var or\u00f0i\u00f0 bara nota\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00f3kstaflegri merkingu, 'r\u00edkur af mold', en ekki sem l\u00edking. Elsta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 um or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00ed B\u00fana\u00f0arritinu<\/em> 1890 \u00fear sem segir: \u201e\u00cd r\u00e6kta\u00f0ri j\u00f6r\u00f0 er moldin vanalega eigi meiri en fr\u00e1 3-10% af matj\u00f6r\u00f0inni; sje h\u00fan meiri, \u00fe\u00e1 er j\u00f6r\u00f0in k\u00f6llu\u00f0 moldr\u00edk.\u201c<\/p>\n

Langt fram eftir 20. \u00f6ldinni er \u00feetta or\u00f0 eing\u00f6ngu nota\u00f0 um jar\u00f0veg \u2013 fyrsta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 um f\u00f3lk er \u00ed V\u00edsi <\/em>1966: \u201e\u00deeir sem kaupa mi\u00f0a \u00ed dag e\u00f0a n\u00e6stu daga, g\u00e6tu \u00e1tt von \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera ef til vill or\u00f0nir moldr\u00edkir b\u00edlaeigendur \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0judaginn.\u201c \u00dearna vir\u00f0ist mold-<\/em> vera skynja\u00f0 sem \u00e1hersluforli\u00f0ur \u00e1n tengsla vi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 mold<\/em>, og notkun or\u00f0sins moldr\u00edkur<\/em> \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu ver\u00f0ur mj\u00f6g algeng \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar. En \u00fe\u00f3tt mold- <\/em>hafi b\u00f3kstaflega merkingu \u00ed moldr\u00edkur<\/em> lengi framan af vir\u00f0ist li\u00f0urinn nokku\u00f0 snemma hafa fengi\u00f0 \u00e1herslumerkingu \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um, a.m.k. me\u00f0 fullur<\/em>. \u00cd I\u00f0unni<\/em> 1918 segir t.d.: \u201eJ\u00e1, \u00e9g hefi n\u00fa ekki gott af a\u00f0 drekka meira, \u00e9g er or\u00f0inn moldfullur.\u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c1hersluforli\u00f0ir l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a eru fj\u00f6lmargir og uppruni \u00feeirra mismunandi. \u00cd flestum tilvikum er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a upphaflegar l\u00edkingar, eins og \u00ed eldrau\u00f0ur 'rau\u00f0ur eins og eldur', eldheitur 'heitur eins og eldur' o.s.frv., En vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00edkingunni felst oft \u00e1hersluauki fer f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 skynja forli\u00f0inn \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00e1herslan s\u00e9 meginhlutverk hans, og \u00e1herslumerkingin yfirtekur \u00fe\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3197"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3205,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3197\/revisions\/3205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}