{"id":3223,"date":"2020-11-17T08:00:52","date_gmt":"2020-11-17T08:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3223"},"modified":"2020-11-15T16:14:18","modified_gmt":"2020-11-15T16:14:18","slug":"ytri-ahrifavaldar-a-islensku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/11\/17\/ytri-ahrifavaldar-a-islensku\/","title":{"rendered":"Ytri \u00e1hrifavaldar \u00e1 \u00edslensku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00de\u00f3tt sta\u00f0a \u00edslenskunnar vir\u00f0ist g\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0inu er h\u00fan brot\u00adh\u00e6tt \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fearf e.t.v. ekki miki\u00f0 til a\u00f0 fari a\u00f0 molna \u00far undirst\u00f6\u00f0unum, og utana\u00f0komandi \u00e1reiti \u00e1 \u00eds\u00adlensk\u00aduna hefur vaxi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 undanfarinn \u00e1ratug. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feess eru b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsbreytingar og t\u00e6knibreytingar, einkum \u00feessar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fer\u00f0amannastraumurinn. <\/strong>Fj\u00f6lgun fer\u00f0amanna hefur haft mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskunnar b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed vi\u00f0skipta\u00adl\u00edfinu og menningarl\u00edfinu. Verslanir leggja s\u00edfellt meiri \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0a til \u00fat\u00adlend\u00adinga me\u00f0 augl\u00fdsingum og v\u00f6rumerkingum \u00e1 ensku, og sleppa jafn\u00advel \u00edslenskunni. Menningarvi\u00f0bur\u00f0ir af \u00fdmsu tagi, s.s. t\u00f3nleikar og leik\u00ads\u00fdn\u00adingar, fara einnig \u00ed auknum m\u00e6li fram \u00e1 ensku til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 til fer\u00f0a\u00admanna.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fj\u00f6lgun f\u00f3lks me\u00f0 anna\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1l. <\/strong>F\u00f3lki me\u00f0 anna\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0urm\u00e1l en \u00eds\u00adlensku hefur fj\u00f6lga\u00f0 verulega \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum. \u00dear er a\u00f0allega um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a erlent vinnu\u00adafl, einkum \u00ed byggingari\u00f0na\u00f0i og \u00fej\u00f3nustugreinum, en einnig fl\u00f3ttaf\u00f3lk. Reikna\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 \u00fat a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f6rf s\u00e9 \u00e1 st\u00f3rfelldum innflutningi vinnuafls \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum, \u00feannig a\u00f0 b\u00faast megi vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 15% \u00edb\u00faa lands\u00adins ver\u00f0i af erlendum uppruna \u00e1ri\u00f0 2030.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00e1sk\u00f3lastarf \u00e1 ensku. <\/strong>Skiptinemum og \u00f6\u00f0r\u00adum erlendum st\u00fadentum vi\u00f0 \u00eds\u00adlenska h\u00e1sk\u00f3la fer fj\u00f6lg\u00adandi og einnig erlendum kennurum. Vaxandi hluti h\u00e1\u00adsk\u00f3la\u00adkennslu fer \u00fev\u00ed fram \u00e1 ensku. Jafnframt er s\u00edfellt meiri \u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 virka \u00fe\u00e1tt\u00adt\u00f6ku \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00adlegu h\u00e1sk\u00f3la\u00adstarfi \u00fear sem enska er a\u00f0altungum\u00e1li\u00f0. \u00dej\u00e1lfun st\u00fadenta \u00ed a\u00f0 fjalla um vi\u00f0fangsefni s\u00edn \u00e1 \u00edslensku fer \u00fev\u00ed minnkandi og h\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00e6rnin geri \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0av\u00e6\u00f0ingin. <\/strong>Breytt heimsmynd hefur leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk er hreyfanlegra en \u00e1\u00f0ur og \u00edslenskir unglingar sj\u00e1 ekki framt\u00ed\u00f0 s\u00edna endilega \u00e1 \u00cds\u00adlandi. \u00cd n\u00fdlegri k\u00f6nn\u00adun kom fram a\u00f0 helmingur 15-16 \u00e1ra unglinga \u00e1 \u00cdslandi vill b\u00faa erlendis \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni \u2013 var \u00feri\u00f0jungur fyrir hrun. Ekki er \u00f3tr\u00falegt a\u00f0 \u00feetta hafi \u00e1hrif \u00e1 vi\u00f0\u00adhorf ung\u00adlinga til \u00edslenskunnar sem \u00feeir vita a\u00f0 gagnast \u00feeim l\u00edti\u00f0 erlendis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Snjallt\u00e6kjabyltingin. <\/strong>Flestir \u00cdslendingar, a.m.k. yngra f\u00f3lk, eiga snjalls\u00edma e\u00f0a spjald\u00adt\u00f6lvur nema hvorttveggja s\u00e9. \u00cd gegnum \u00feau t\u00e6ki er f\u00f3lk s\u00edtengt vi\u00f0 al\u00ad\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00adlegan menningarheim sem er a\u00f0 verulegu leyti \u00e1 ensku, \u00fear er f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 spila leiki \u00e1 ensku, horfa \u00e1 myndefni \u00e1 ensku o.s.frv. Notendur \u00feessara t\u00e6kja eru s\u00edfellt me\u00f0 \u00feau \u00e1 lofti og \u00feannig hefur dregi\u00f0 \u00far venjulegum samskiptum \u00e1 \u00eds\u00adlensku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gagnvirkir t\u00f6lvuleikir. <\/strong>Margir, einkum yngra f\u00f3lk, spila miki\u00f0 af t\u00f6lvu\u00adleikjum sem eru undantekningarlaust \u00e1 ensku. . Leikirnir eru i\u00f0u\u00adlega gagn\u00advirkir \u2013 krefjast m\u00e1llegra samskipta, og vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 margir \u00feeirra eru spil\u00ada\u00f0ir \u00e1 netinu geta \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur geta veri\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim og samskiptin fara \u00fev\u00ed oft fram \u00e1 ensku. S\u00fa m\u00e1lkunn\u00e1tta sem \u00feann\u00adig byggist upp er \u00fev\u00ed virk og gerir meiri kr\u00f6fur til notenda en \u00f3virk kunn\u00ad\u00e1tta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Efnis- og streymisveitur. <\/strong>N\u00e6r allir \u00cdslendingar eru nettengdir og hafa \u00feannig a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 \u00f3takm\u00f6rku\u00f0u myndefni \u00e1 YouTube, Netflix og \u00f6\u00f0rum efnis\u00ad- og streymisveitum. B\u00f6rn og unglingar eru helstu neytendur \u00feessa efnis og hj\u00e1 \u00feeim hefur \u00e1horf \u00e1 sl\u00edkt efni sem vita\u00adskuld er mestallt \u00e1 ensku og \u00f3texta\u00f0 komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 verulegu leyti \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00e1horfs \u00e1 l\u00ednulegt sj\u00f3nvarp me\u00f0 \u00edslensku tali e\u00f0a texta\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00edslensku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Talst\u00fdring t\u00e6kja. <\/strong>Flest t\u00e6ki eru n\u00fa t\u00f6lvust\u00fdr\u00f0 a\u00f0 mestu leyti og \u00feessum t\u00e6kj\u00adum ver\u00f0ur \u00e1 n\u00e6stunni stj\u00f3rna\u00f0 me\u00f0 tungum\u00e1linu a\u00f0 miklu leyti. Margir \u00feekkja n\u00fa \u00feegar lei\u00f0s\u00f6gut\u00e6ki \u00ed b\u00edlum, e\u00f0a Siri \u00ed iPhone, e\u00f0a sj\u00f3n\u00adv\u00f6rp sem tala\u00f0 er vi\u00f0. Framfarir \u00ed talgreiningu eru st\u00f3rst\u00edgar og b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fdmsum algengum heimilist\u00e6kjum ver\u00f0i stj\u00f3rna\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tala vi\u00f0 \u00feau \u2013 \u00e1 ensku ef \u00edslensk talgreining ver\u00f0ur ekki \u00ed bo\u00f0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Allt er \u00feetta j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt, \u00fat af fyrir sig. \u00dea\u00f0 er gott a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk eigi kost \u00e1 fj\u00f6lbreyttri af\u00ad\u00ferey\u00adingu og samskiptum, fer\u00f0amannastraumurinn (sem n\u00fa er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu t\u00edmabundi hl\u00e9 \u00e1) er k\u00e6rkomin innsp\u00fdting \u00ed efnahags\u00adl\u00edfi\u00f0, fj\u00f6lg\u00adun inn\u00adflytj\u00adenda vinnur gegn l\u00e6kkandi f\u00e6\u00f0ingart\u00ed\u00f0ni og eykur fj\u00f6lbreytni \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00adl\u00edfs\u00adins, og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e6gilegt a\u00f0 geta stj\u00f3rna\u00f0 t\u00e6kjum me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tala vi\u00f0 \u00feau.<\/p>\n<p>Vitanlega er l\u00edka fr\u00e1\u00adb\u00e6rt a\u00f0 \u00e6ska landsins skuli eiga kost \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu ranns\u00f3knar- og \u00fer\u00f3\u00adunar\u00adstarfi, s\u00e6kja s\u00e9r menntun og atvinnu hvert sem hana lystir og b\u00faa erlendis um skemmri t\u00edma e\u00f0a til lang\u00adframa. \u00dea\u00f0 er heldur ekki nema gott um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 \u00cds\u00adlend\u00adingar l\u00e6ri ensku sem yngstir og sem best \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan er vitanlega lykill a\u00f0 svo m\u00f6rgu.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00fe\u00f3tt umr\u00e6ddar breytingar s\u00e9u \u00feannig j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0ar a\u00f0 mestu leyti skapa \u00fe\u00e6r miki\u00f0 \u00e1lag og \u00fer\u00fdsting \u00e1 \u00edslenskuna. S\u00e1 t\u00edmi sem vari\u00f0 er \u00ed af\u00ad\u00ferey\u00adingu, sam\u00adskipti og st\u00f6rf \u00e1 ensku er a\u00f0 mestu leyti tekinn fr\u00e1 \u00edslensk\u00adunni. \u00deess vegna \u00fearf a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 fj\u00f6lbreytt fr\u00e6\u00f0slu- og af\u00fereyingarefni \u00e1 \u00edslensku \u2013 gera \u00edslenskuna \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a og spennandi og skapa j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt vi\u00f0horf til hennar.<\/p>\n<p>Til a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a \u00f6ruggir m\u00e1lnotendur \u00feurfa b\u00f6rn og ung\u00adlingar a\u00f0 hafa mikla \u00edslensku \u00ed \u00f6llu m\u00e1l\u00adum\u00adhverfi s\u00ednu. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1 okkar \u00e1byrg\u00f0 a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 til \u00feess a\u00f0 svo s\u00e9 \u2013 me\u00f0 samtali, lestri og hvers kyns hvatningu til a\u00f0 hlusta \u00e1, tala, lesa og skrifa \u00edslensku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00de\u00f3tt sta\u00f0a \u00edslenskunnar vir\u00f0ist g\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0inu er h\u00fan brot\u00adh\u00e6tt \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fearf e.t.v. ekki miki\u00f0 til a\u00f0 fari a\u00f0 molna \u00far undirst\u00f6\u00f0unum, og utana\u00f0komandi \u00e1reiti \u00e1 \u00eds\u00adlensk\u00aduna hefur vaxi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 undanfarinn \u00e1ratug. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feess eru b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsbreytingar og t\u00e6knibreytingar, einkum \u00feessar: Fer\u00f0amannastraumurinn. Fj\u00f6lgun fer\u00f0amanna hefur haft mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edslenskunnar b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3223"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3224,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223\/revisions\/3224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}