{"id":3256,"date":"2020-11-20T08:00:12","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T08:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3256"},"modified":"2020-11-18T14:30:21","modified_gmt":"2020-11-18T14:30:21","slug":"ahafnarmedlimir-og-skipverjar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/11\/20\/ahafnarmedlimir-og-skipverjar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1hafnarme\u00f0limir og skipverjar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn s\u00e1 \u00e9g einu sinni sem oftar kvarta\u00f0 yfir or\u00f0inu <em>\u00e1hafnarme\u00f0limur<\/em>. \u00deetta or\u00f0, sem vir\u00f0ist ekki vera nema r\u00famlega 60 \u00e1ra gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu, er me\u00f0al \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem oftast eru ger\u00f0ar athugasemdir vi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fdmsum m\u00e1lfars\u00fe\u00e1ttum \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feykir langt, stirt, \u00fatlenskulegt og lj\u00f3tt. \u00cd flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i fann \u00e9g 15 d\u00e6mi \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> \u00fear sem amast var vi\u00f0 or\u00f0inu, \u00fear af sex \u00far \u00fe\u00e6tti G\u00edsla J\u00f3nssonar um \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em>. \u00cd \u00feessum athugasemdum er yfirleitt bent \u00e1 einfalda og \u00fe\u00e6gilega lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 komast hj\u00e1 notkun \u00feessa or\u00f0s, sem s\u00e9 a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>skipverji<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0inn.<\/p>\n<p>Vissulega er <em>skipverji<\/em> miklu styttra og liprara or\u00f0, kemur fyrir \u00ed fornm\u00e1li, og er auk \u00feess fallegra or\u00f0 a\u00f0 flestra mati \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u smekksatri\u00f0i. \u00cd <em><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-3\">\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/span><\/em><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-4\"> er <\/span><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-5\">\u00e1hafnarme\u00f0limur<\/span><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-6\"> merkt me\u00f0 !? sem merkir \u201eor\u00f0 e\u00f0a m\u00e1latri\u00f0i sem n\u00fdtur ekki fullrar vi\u00f0urkenningar, telst ekki gott m\u00e1l \u00ed venjulegu samhengi\u201c og sk\u00fdrt sem b\u00e6\u00f0i 'skipverji' og 'flugverji' \u2013 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 <\/span><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-7\">\u00e1h\u00f6fn <\/span><span data-offset-key=\"3s8pb-0-8\">er ekki bara \u00e1 skipi.<\/span> \u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/70653\">segir<\/a>: \u201eFremur en a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201e\u00e1hafnarme\u00f0limur\u201c \u00e6tti a\u00f0 nota: <strong>skipverji<\/strong>, <strong>einn \u00far \u00e1h\u00f6fninni<\/strong>, <strong>flugverji<\/strong>.\u201c En er \u00feetta r\u00e9tt \u2013 merkja or\u00f0in <em>\u00e1hafnarme\u00f0limur <\/em>og <em>skipverji <\/em>\u00f6rugglega \u00fea\u00f0 sama?<\/p>\n<p>Einu sinni \u00feegar \u00e9g var a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a <a href=\"https:\/\/malheildir.arnastofnun.is\/?mode=fornrit#?lang=is-is&amp;stats_reduce=word&amp;isCaseInsensitive&amp;searchBy=lemma&amp;cqp=%5B%5D&amp;corpus=forn_bandamanna_saga_konungsbok,forn_bardar_saga_snaefellsass,forn_bjarnar_saga_hitdaelakappa,forn_brennu_njals_saga,forn_droplaugarsona_saga,forn_egils_saga_skalla_grimssonar,forn_eiriks_saga_rauda,forn_eyrbyggja_saga,forn_finnboga_saga_ramma,forn_fljotsdaela_saga,forn_floamanna_saga,forn_fostbraedra_saga,forn_gisla_saga_surssonar_lengri_gerd,forn_gisla_saga_surssonar_styttri_gerd,forn_grettis_saga_asmundarsonar,forn_graenlendinga_saga,forn_graenlendinga_thattur,forn_gull_thoris_saga,forn_gunnars_saga_keldugnupsfifls,forn_gunnlaugs_saga_ormstungu,forn_hallfredar_saga_eftir_modruvallabok,forn_hallfredar_saga_ur_olafs_sogu_tryggvasonar_hinni_mestu,forn_hardar_saga_og_holmverja,forn_havardar_saga_isfirdings,forn_heidarviga_saga,forn_hrafnkels_saga_freysgoda,forn_haensna_thoris_saga,forn_islendinga_thaettir,forn_jokuls_thattur_buasonar,forn_kjalnesinga_saga,forn_kormaks_saga,forn_kroka_refs_saga,forn_laxdaela_saga,forn_ljosvetninga_saga_a_gerd,forn_ljosvetninga_saga_c_gerd,forn_reykdaela_saga,forn_svarfdaela_saga,forn_valla_ljots_saga,forn_vatnsdaela_saga,forn_viga_glums_saga,forn_viglundar_saga,forn_vopnfirdinga_saga,forn_thorsteins_saga_hvita,forn_thorsteins_saga_sidu_hallssonar,forn_thordar_saga_hredu,forn_olkofra_saga&amp;hpp=1000&amp;search=word%7Cskipverji&amp;page=0\">d\u00e6min<\/a> um or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>skipverji <\/em>\u00ed \u00cdslendingas\u00f6gum \u00e1tta\u00f0i \u00e9g mig \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li <a href=\"https:\/\/islenskordabok.arnastofnun.is\/ord\/36575\">merkir<\/a> or\u00f0i\u00f0 ekki bara 'einn af starfsm\u00f6nnunum \u00e1 skipi, einn \u00far \u00e1h\u00f6fn skips'. \u00cd n\u00e6stum \u00f6llum d\u00e6munum er nefnilega tala\u00f0 um <em>skipverja s\u00edna<\/em>, <em>skipverja hans<\/em> o.s.frv. \u00cd fornm\u00e1li hagar or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fev\u00ed svipa\u00f0 og t.d. or\u00f0in <em>li\u00f0sma\u00f0ur<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>stu\u00f0ningsma\u00f0ur<\/em> \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vera bara <em>li\u00f0sma\u00f0ur<\/em>, heldur ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera <em>li\u00f0sma\u00f0ur einhvers<\/em>. En \u00feetta hefur breyst \u2013 \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li l\u00fdtur or\u00f0i\u00f0 ekki \u00feessum takm\u00f6rkunum, eins og au\u00f0velt er a\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/malheildir.arnastofnun.is\/?mode=rmh2019#?stats_reduce=word&amp;isCaseInsensitive&amp;searchBy=lemma&amp;cqp=%5B%5D&amp;hpp=1000&amp;search=word%7Cskipverji&amp;page=0\">ganga \u00far skugga um<\/a> t.d. \u00ed <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g h\u00e9lt \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma a\u00f0 \u00fearna hef\u00f0i \u00e9g gert merka uppg\u00f6tvun, en svo kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 norski sveitapresturinn <a href=\"https:\/\/is.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johan_Fritzner\">Johan Fritzner<\/a>, sem samdi \u00edtarlegustu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edd.uio.no\/perl\/search\/search.cgi?appid=86&amp;tabid=1275\">or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/a> sem hefur veri\u00f0 gefin \u00fat um fornm\u00e1li\u00f0, var a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u me\u00f0 \u00feetta \u00e1 hreinu fyrir 150 \u00e1rum \u2013 sk\u00fdringin \u00e1 <em>skipverji<\/em> hj\u00e1 honum er \u201eMand som er sammen med en (e-s) paa et Fart\u00f8i\u201c. \u00dearna er <em>skipverji <\/em>\u00fev\u00ed fyrst og fremst tengt vi\u00f0 foringjann, en n\u00fa vi\u00f0 skipi\u00f0 \u2013 <em>skipverji \u00e1 togaranum<\/em>. \u00c9g er hins vegar nokkurn veginn viss um a\u00f0 \u00feessi merkingarbreyting hefur fari\u00f0 fram hj\u00e1 \u00f6llum venjulegum lesendum \u00edslenskra fornb\u00f3kmennta \u2013 sem skiljanlegt er.<\/p>\n<p>Samhengi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku m\u00e1li og b\u00f3kmenntum er oft vegsama\u00f0, me\u00f0 r\u00e9ttu. Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 or\u00f0afor\u00f0i fornm\u00e1ls og beygingarkerfi\u00f0 hefur var\u00f0veist a\u00f0 mestu leyti eigum vi\u00f0 tilt\u00f6lulega au\u00f0velt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 lesa forna fr\u00e1sagnartexta, a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed tilskildu a\u00f0 \u00feeir s\u00e9u gefnir \u00fat me\u00f0 n\u00fat\u00edmastafsetningu. En \u00fea\u00f0 lei\u00f0ir til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 gefum okkur venjulega \u00e1n umhugsunar a\u00f0 or\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 finnum \u00ed fornum texta, og \u00feekkjum \u00far okkar eigin m\u00e1li, merki hi\u00f0 sama og \u00fea\u00f0 gerir n\u00fa \u2013 a.m.k. ef samhengi\u00f0 bendir ekki til annars. \u00dea\u00f0 hvarflar ekki a\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 fletta sl\u00edku or\u00f0i upp \u00ed fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3kum (auk \u00feess sem or\u00f0ab\u00f3k Fritzners var ekki almenningseign \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan s\u00e9 reyndar komin \u00e1 neti\u00f0).<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9r finnst \u00feetta skemmtilegt d\u00e6mi um hvernig st\u00f6\u00f0ugleiki m\u00e1lsins, svo \u00e1g\u00e6tur sem hann annars er, getur leitt mann \u00e1 villig\u00f6tur. \u00cd \u00feessu tilviki m\u00e1 au\u00f0vita\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 munurinn s\u00e9 s\u00e1ral\u00edtill \u2013 skiptir einhverju m\u00e1li hvort einhver var <em>skipverji konungs<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>skipverji \u00e1 skipi konungs<\/em>, hvort vi\u00f0mi\u00f0i\u00f0 var foringinn e\u00f0a skipi\u00f0? \u00c9g veit \u00fea\u00f0 ekki \u2013 en a\u00f0alatri\u00f0i\u00f0 er svo sem ekki hvort \u00feetta skiptir m\u00e1li \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki, heldur a\u00f0 svipu\u00f0 d\u00e6mi, \u00fear sem samfella m\u00e1lsins veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ttum okkur ekki \u00e1 merkingarbreytingum, eru \u00f6rugglega fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg. Og \u00ed \u00feeim sumum g\u00e6ti breytingin skipt m\u00e1li, jafnvel gerbreytt skilningi okkar \u00e1 textanum. H\u00f6fum \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed huga \u00feegar vi\u00f0 lesum forna texta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um daginn s\u00e1 \u00e9g einu sinni sem oftar kvarta\u00f0 yfir or\u00f0inu \u00e1hafnarme\u00f0limur. \u00deetta or\u00f0, sem vir\u00f0ist ekki vera nema r\u00famlega 60 \u00e1ra gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu, er me\u00f0al \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem oftast eru ger\u00f0ar athugasemdir vi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fdmsum m\u00e1lfars\u00fe\u00e1ttum \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feykir langt, stirt, \u00fatlenskulegt og lj\u00f3tt. \u00cd flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i fann \u00e9g 15 d\u00e6mi \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3257,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256\/revisions\/3257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}