{"id":3370,"date":"2020-12-09T08:00:46","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T08:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3370"},"modified":"2020-12-08T15:33:58","modified_gmt":"2020-12-08T15:33:58","slug":"setningarugl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/12\/09\/setningarugl\/","title":{"rendered":"Setningarugl"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li er stundum val milli tveggja setningager\u00f0a \u00ed aukasetningum til a\u00f0 or\u00f0a s\u00f6mu merkingu; annars vegar setninga tengdra me\u00f0 <em>a\u00f0<\/em> og s\u00f6gn \u00ed pers\u00f3nu\u00adh\u00e6tti og hins vegar \u00f3tengdra setninga me\u00f0 nafnh\u00e1ttars\u00f6gn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u00e9r fannst <strong>a\u00f0 \u00e9g v\u00e6ri<\/strong> r\u00edkur.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e9r fannst <strong>\u00e9g vera<\/strong> r\u00edkur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edma\u00adm\u00e1li er seinni setningager\u00f0in margfalt algengari en s\u00fa fyrri, og \u00fe\u00f3tt einhver bl\u00e6- e\u00f0a st\u00edlmunur kunni a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 setningunum tveimur er merking \u00feeirra s\u00fa sama. En svo er \u2013 e\u00f0a var \u2013\u00a0 til <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/7252451#page\/n53\/mode\/2up\">\u00feri\u00f0ja ger\u00f0in<\/a>: \u201eStundum er blanda\u00f0 saman a\u00f0-setningu og nefnifalli me\u00f0 nafn\u00adh\u00e6tti, einkum \u00e1 eftir s\u00f6gnunum <em>\u00feykja<\/em>, <em>finnast<\/em>, <em>l\u00edtast<\/em>, <em>s\u00fdnast<\/em>, <em>vir\u00f0ast<\/em>\u201c, segir Jakob J\u00f3h. Sm\u00e1ri \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenzkri setningafr\u00e6\u00f0i <\/em>(1920):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u00e9r fannst <strong>a\u00f0 \u00e9g vera<\/strong> r\u00edkur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00deetta er mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6ft \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li og verkar yfirleitt \u00e1 m\u00e1lnotendur sem einhvers konar \u00f3regla e\u00f0a villa \u2014 og er \u00fea\u00f0 kannski oftast. \u00dea\u00f0 var a.m.k. sko\u00f0un Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0\u00adfinns\u00adsonar sem tekur eftirfarandi <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/files\/17354291\">setningu<\/a> upp \u00far \u00fe\u00fdddri s\u00f6gu \u00ed greininni \u201eTilr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 \u00edslenzkt m\u00e1l\u201c \u00ed <em>Andvara<\/em> 1940 og flokkar hana undir \u201esetningarugl\u201c sem hann skilgreinir \u00fe\u00f3 ekki n\u00e1nar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mjer fanst \u00e1valt <em>a\u00f0<\/em> h\u00fan <em>vera<\/em> \u00ed n\u00e1nd vi\u00f0 mig.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00c9g b\u00fdst vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 flestir n\u00fat\u00edma m\u00e1lnotendur g\u00e6tu teki\u00f0 undir me\u00f0 Birni. En \u00ed textum fr\u00e1 seinni hluta 19. aldar og fyrri hluta \u00feeirrar 20. er \u00feessi setningager\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 algeng \u2013 mun algengari en svo a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 l\u00edta fram hj\u00e1 henni og afgrei\u00f0a sem mist\u00f6k e\u00f0a villu. H\u00fan bl\u00f3mstra\u00f0i kringum alda\u00adm\u00f3tin 1900 en hnigna\u00f0i s\u00ed\u00f0an sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt, einkum um og eftir mi\u00f0ja 20. \u00f6ld, og er n\u00fa n\u00e6r e\u00f0a alveg horfin ef marka m\u00e1 \u00edslensk bl\u00f6\u00f0 og t\u00edma\u00adrit. \u00adHins vegar lif\u00f0i h\u00fan g\u00f3\u00f0u l\u00edfi \u00ed Vesturheimi alla 20. \u00f6ldina og jafnvel enn, sam\u00adkv\u00e6mt br\u00e9fum Vestur-\u00cdslendinga og vi\u00f0t\u00f6lum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d3v\u00edst er hva\u00f0 olli uppgangi \u00feessarara setningager\u00f0ar seint \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld, og orsakir hnignunar hennar og hvarfs eru s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is \u00e1 huldu. \u00de\u00f3 er l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 l\u00e1g t\u00ed\u00f0ni og sam\u00adkeppni vi\u00f0 a\u00f0rar setn\u00adinga\u00adger\u00f0ir hafi r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fear miklu, en \u00ed vestur\u00ad\u00edslensku g\u00e6tu ensk \u00e1hrif hafa stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0 betri var\u00f0veislu hennar. A\u00f0 auki er tr\u00falegt a\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9ttingar og neikv\u00e6tt vi\u00f0\u00adhorf til setninga\u00adger\u00f0ar\u00adinnar hafi r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 einhverju um hnignun hennar. At\u00adhyglis\u00advert d\u00e6mi sem bendir \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1tt er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnasafni J\u00f3ns \u00c1rnasonar. \u00cd ann\u00adarri \u00fatg\u00e1fu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnanna er a\u00f0 finna eftirfarandi d\u00e6mi, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00far s\u00f6mu s\u00f6gunni:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sofnar hann n\u00fa aftur og \u00fe\u00f3tti honum <strong>a\u00f0 kerling koma<\/strong> \u00ed anna\u00f0 skipti.<\/li>\n<li>Sofnar hann n\u00fa \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja sinn; \u00fe\u00f3tti honum <strong>a\u00f0 h\u00fan \u00fe\u00e1 koma<\/strong> aftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En \u00ed frum\u00fatg\u00e1fu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnanna eru setn\u00ading\u00adarnar d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sofnar hann n\u00fa aptur, og \u00fe\u00f3kti honum, a\u00f0 kerl\u00edng k\u00e6mi \u00ed anna\u00f0 skipti.<\/li>\n<li>Sofnar hann n\u00fa \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja sinn; \u00fe\u00f3kti honum h\u00fan koma \u00fe\u00e1 aptur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er vita\u00f0 a\u00f0 J\u00f3n \u00c1rnason umskrifa\u00f0i m\u00f6rg \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnahandrit sem hann f\u00e9kk fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum, en \u00f6nnur \u00fatg\u00e1fa var hins vegar prentu\u00f0 eftir upphaflegu handritunum eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem kostur var. \u00dea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 h\u00e9r hefur J\u00f3n \u00c1rnason breytt textanum til a\u00f0 losna vi\u00f0 bl\u00f6ndu\u00f0u setninga\u00adger\u00f0ina. \u00cd fyrra skipti\u00f0 setur hann tengda pers\u00f3nuh\u00e1ttarsetningu \u00ed sta\u00f0inn, en \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 seinna \u00f3tengda nafnh\u00e1ttarsetningu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deessi setningager\u00f0 kemur fyrir \u00ed sk\u00e1ld\u00adverkum margra helstu rith\u00f6funda \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar kringum aldam\u00f3tin 1900 og \u00fev\u00ed ekkert sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 rith\u00f6fundar hafi for\u00f0ast hana s\u00e9r\u00adstak\u00adlega e\u00f0a nokku\u00f0 hafi \u00fe\u00f3tt athugavert vi\u00f0 hana \u00ed byrjun 20. aldar. Vi\u00f0horfi\u00f0 hefur \u00fe\u00f3 greinilega breyst \u00feegar kom fram \u00e1 20. \u00f6ldina. \u00deannig segir Jakob J\u00f3h. Sm\u00e1ri \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenzkri setningafr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em>: \u201e\u00deetta ber a\u00f0 varast.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka lj\u00f3st af or\u00f0um Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0\u00adfinns\u00adsonar um \u201esetninga\u00adrugl\u201c a\u00f0 hann ford\u00e6mdi \u00feessa setn\u00adinga\u00adger\u00f0, og al\u00feekkt er a\u00f0 sko\u00f0\u00adanir hans h\u00f6f\u00f0u mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li er stundum val milli tveggja setningager\u00f0a \u00ed aukasetningum til a\u00f0 or\u00f0a s\u00f6mu merkingu; annars vegar setninga tengdra me\u00f0 a\u00f0 og s\u00f6gn \u00ed pers\u00f3nu\u00adh\u00e6tti og hins vegar \u00f3tengdra setninga me\u00f0 nafnh\u00e1ttars\u00f6gn: M\u00e9r fannst a\u00f0 \u00e9g v\u00e6ri r\u00edkur. M\u00e9r fannst \u00e9g vera r\u00edkur. \u00cd n\u00fat\u00edma\u00adm\u00e1li er seinni setningager\u00f0in margfalt algengari en s\u00fa fyrri, og \u00fe\u00f3tt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3370"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3371,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3370\/revisions\/3371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}