{"id":3677,"date":"2021-04-04T08:00:28","date_gmt":"2021-04-04T08:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3677"},"modified":"2021-04-04T15:47:20","modified_gmt":"2021-04-04T15:47:20","slug":"afbrygdisemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2021\/04\/04\/afbrygdisemi\/","title":{"rendered":"afbryg\u00f0isemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fyrra skrifa\u00f0i \u00e9g pistil<\/a> um \u00fdmsar breytingar \u00e1 or\u00f0um sem \u00e9g taldi stafa af misheyrn, svo sem \u00feegar reiprennandi <\/em>ver\u00f0ur rei\u00f0brennandi <\/em>og fyrst a\u00f0<\/em> ver\u00f0ur v\u00edst a\u00f0<\/em>. Til vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar \u00feessum d\u00e6mum, sem \u00e1\u00f0ur haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 bent \u00e1, nefndi \u00e9g a\u00f0 \u00e1 netinu hef\u00f0i \u00e9g rekist \u00e1 nokkur d\u00e6mi um afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)samur<\/em> og afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)semi <\/em>fyrir afbr\u00fd\u00f0isamur <\/em>og afbr\u00fd\u00f0isemi<\/em>. \u00c9g sag\u00f0i um \u00feessi d\u00e6mi: \u201e\u00dear gegnir sama m\u00e1li \u2013 frambur\u00f0armunur \u00ed e\u00f0lilegu tali er mj\u00f6g l\u00edtill. \u00d6nghlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 g<\/em> veiklast oft e\u00f0a hverfur \u00ed frambur\u00f0i \u00ed \u00feessari st\u00f6\u00f0u, og hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegur munur i<\/em> og \u00ed <\/em>(\u00fd<\/em>) er l\u00edtill. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekkert \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 sumir greini or\u00f0i\u00f0 ranglega \u2013 og skrifi \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00feessa r\u00f6ngu greiningu.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd sk\u00fdringu<\/a>\u00a0or\u00f0sins afbr\u00fd\u00f0i <\/em>\u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em> (undir\u00a0\u00e1br\u00fa\u00f0ig<\/em>(u<\/em>)r<\/em>)\u00a0kemur fram a\u00f0 einnig s\u00e9u til myndirnar \u00e1br\u00fd\u00f0i <\/em>og afbryg\u00f0i<\/em>, og ekki s\u00e9 v\u00edst hvort upphaflegt forskeyti s\u00e9 \u00e1- <\/i>e\u00f0a af-<\/i>. S\u00ed\u00f0an segir: \u201eUpphaflegt g <\/em>\u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ara li\u00f0 or\u00f0sins hefur falli\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur og valdi\u00f0 uppb\u00f3tarlengingu, -brug\u00f0igr<\/em> > -br\u00fa\u00f0ig<\/em>(u<\/em>)r<\/em>, -bryg\u00f0i<\/em> > -br\u00fd\u00f0i<\/em>.\u201c Uppb\u00f3tarlenging er \u00feekkt og algengt fyrirb\u00e6ri \u00ed m\u00e1ls\u00f6gunni og v\u00edsar til \u00feess \u00feegar samhlj\u00f3\u00f0 fellur brott en a\u00f0liggjandi s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0 lengist \u00ed sta\u00f0inn, eins og til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta upp fyrir brottfalli\u00f0. \u00c1\u00f0ur fyrr var lengdarmunur \u00e1 y<\/em> og \u00fd<\/em>, en \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li felst munurinn ekki \u00ed lengd heldur \u00ed hlj\u00f3\u00f0gildi, auk \u00feess sem y<\/em> hefur falli\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 i<\/em> og \u00fd<\/em> vi\u00f0 \u00ed<\/em>. En \u00fearna var myndin -bryg\u00f0i<\/em> komin svo a\u00f0 \u00e9g f\u00f3r a\u00f0 kanna m\u00e1li\u00f0 n\u00e1nar.<\/p>\n

\u00cd safni fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn er afbryg\u00f0i <\/em>a\u00f0aluppflettimynd<\/a>, en afbr\u00fd\u00f0i <\/em>h\u00f6f\u00f0 \u00e1 eftir. Um \u00feessi or\u00f0 eru fimm d\u00e6mi sem eru skrifu\u00f0 svo \u00ed handritum: afbrygdis<\/em> (2); af bry\u00fees<\/em> (1); abbryde <\/em>(1); af bry\u00fee<\/em> (1). Auk \u00feess er \u00ed safninu gefin uppflettimyndin<\/a> \u00e1br\u00fd\u00f0i<\/em>, me\u00f0 spurningarmerki \u00e1 undan til marks um a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 vafas\u00f6m. Myndin \u00e1br\u00fd\u00f0i <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00ed kv\u00e6\u00f0i<\/a> fr\u00e1 seinni hluta 18. aldar \u2013 reyndar skrifu\u00f0 \u00e1br\u00ed\u00f0i <\/em>en \u00feetta er l\u00f6ngu eftir a\u00f0 \u00fd<\/em> f\u00e9ll saman vi\u00f0 \u00ed<\/em> \u00ed frambur\u00f0i \u00feannig a\u00f0 stafsetningin segir ekkert. F\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi eru svo um \u00e1br\u00fd\u00f0i<\/em> fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum 19. aldar og fram undir mi\u00f0ja 20. \u00f6ld \u2013 flest \u00far vestur\u00edslensku bl\u00f6\u00f0unum. H\u00fan er l\u00edka gefin upp<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> Sigf\u00fasar Bl\u00f6ndal og \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Af myndinni afbryg\u00f0i <\/em>segir ekki aftur fyrr en \u00ed upphafi 20. aldar \u2013 \u00ed bla\u00f0inu Bjarka<\/em> segir<\/a> \u00e1ri\u00f0 1902: \u201eJes\u00fas opinberar oss, a\u00f0 synd og lygar, \u00f3rjettv\u00edsi og eftirl\u00e1tsemi eigingirninnar sje \u00f3n\u00e1tt\u00fara og afbyrg\u00f0i hj\u00e1 manninum.\u201c \u00dearna stendur a\u00f0 v\u00edsu afbyrg\u00f0i <\/em>en \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist nokku\u00f0 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 prentvilla fyrir afbryg\u00f0i<\/em>. \u00c1ri\u00f0 1924 er s\u00fdning \u00e1 gamanleiknum Afbryg\u00f0issemin<\/em> augl\u00fdst<\/a> \u00ed V\u00edsi <\/em>og afbryg\u00f0issemi<\/em> kemur fyrir<\/a> \u00ed bla\u00f0inu Brautinni<\/em> \u00e1ri\u00f0 1929. Eftir \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 finna \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0um \u00f6rf\u00e1 d\u00e6mi um nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)semi<\/em> og l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)samur<\/em> \u2013 \u00f6ll me\u00f0 i <\/em>en ekki y<\/em>, en \u00fea\u00f0 segir l\u00edti\u00f0 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur tengja \u00feetta v\u00e6ntanlega ekki vi\u00f0 neitt anna\u00f0 og vita \u00fev\u00ed ekki hvort \u00e1 a\u00f0 nota i<\/em> e\u00f0a y<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Athyglisver\u00f0asta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 er \u00far grein<\/a> tveggja l\u00f6greglumanna \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1995, \u00fear sem fjalla\u00f0 er um \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feess a\u00f0 ofbeldi er beitt. Me\u00f0al \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0na er talin afbrig\u00f0isemi<\/em>. \u00deetta s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 er ekki bundi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f3vanda\u00f0an e\u00f0a \u00f3pr\u00f3farkalesinn texta \u00e1 netinu eins og \u00e9g h\u00e9lt. \u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 myndin afbryg\u00f0i <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, og fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed upphafi 20. aldar, en spurningin er hvort h\u00fan eigi s\u00e9r \u00f3slitna s\u00f6gu \u00fear \u00e1 milli \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan hafi ekki rata\u00f0 \u00e1 b\u00e6kur \u00ed margar aldir. S\u00e9 svo, sem \u00e9g hef tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 halda, eiga myndirnar afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)samur<\/em> og afbrig\u00f0i<\/em>(s<\/em>)semi <\/em>sem \u00e9g h\u00e9lt a\u00f0 \u00e6ttu r\u00e6tur \u00ed misheyrn e\u00f0a misskilningi \u00e1 21. \u00f6ldinni s\u00e9r \u00ed raun jafnlanga s\u00f6gu og afbr\u00fd\u00f0isamur<\/em> og afbr\u00fd\u00f0isemi<\/em> \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt strangt teki\u00f0 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 skrifa fyrrnefndu myndirnar me\u00f0 y<\/em> frekar en i<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00ed raun st\u00f3rmerkilegt \u2013 en ekki einsd\u00e6mi \u2013 ef or\u00f0myndir geta lifa\u00f0 \u00ed talm\u00e1linu \u00ed margar aldir \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 komast \u00e1 b\u00e6kur svo a\u00f0 heiti\u00f0 geti. En vissulega er l\u00edka hugsanlegt a\u00f0 umr\u00e6ddar myndir hafi or\u00f0i\u00f0 til n\u00fdlega \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt sem \u00e9g taldi \u00ed upphafi og s\u00e9u \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0ar eldri samhlj\u00f3\u00f0a myndum. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1li er erfitt a\u00f0 sanna nokku\u00f0. En ef saga myndanna afbryg\u00f0isamur <\/i>og afbryg\u00f0isemi <\/i>er \u00f3slitin fr\u00e1 fornu m\u00e1li, \u00e6ttum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna \u00fe\u00e6r sem fullgildar or\u00f0myndir \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li?\u00a0 \u00dea\u00f0 k\u00e6mi au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki til greina a\u00f0 hafna afbr\u00fd\u00f0isamur <\/em>og afbr\u00fd\u00f0isemi<\/em>, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00feetta yr\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e1 hli\u00f0armyndir. \u00c9g hef svo sem ekki \u00e1kve\u00f0na sko\u00f0un \u00e1 \u00feessu. \u00dea\u00f0 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 myndir me\u00f0 afbryg\u00f0i<\/em> hafa alla t\u00ed\u00f0 veri\u00f0 sjaldg\u00e6far og spurning hvort h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 hef\u00f0 s\u00e9 fyrir \u00feeim, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist geta veri\u00f0 \u00e6tta\u00f0ar \u00far fornu m\u00e1li. En \u00e9g hef a.m.k. a\u00f0ra afst\u00f6\u00f0u til \u00feessara mynda en \u00e1\u00f0ur, og myndi ekki vilja kalla \u00fe\u00e6r rangt m\u00e1l.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd fyrra skrifa\u00f0i \u00e9g pistil um \u00fdmsar breytingar \u00e1 or\u00f0um sem \u00e9g taldi stafa af misheyrn, svo sem \u00feegar reiprennandi ver\u00f0ur rei\u00f0brennandi og fyrst a\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur v\u00edst a\u00f0. Til vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar \u00feessum d\u00e6mum, sem \u00e1\u00f0ur haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 bent \u00e1, nefndi \u00e9g a\u00f0 \u00e1 netinu hef\u00f0i \u00e9g rekist \u00e1 nokkur d\u00e6mi um afbrig\u00f0i(s)samur og afbrig\u00f0i(s)semi fyrir afbr\u00fd\u00f0isamur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3677"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3685,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions\/3685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}