{"id":3786,"date":"2021-05-04T16:33:48","date_gmt":"2021-05-04T16:33:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3786"},"modified":"2021-06-15T13:32:07","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T13:32:07","slug":"ad-versla-ser-mat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2021\/05\/04\/ad-versla-ser-mat\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 versla s\u00e9r mat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin <em>versla<\/em> er me\u00f0 algengari s\u00f6gnum m\u00e1lsins. \u00cd or\u00f0a\u00adb\u00f3kum um n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1l er h\u00fan sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'kaupa og selja; eiga \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum', en \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er reyndar b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 merkingunni 'gera innkaup' og d\u00e6minu \u201eversla \u2039s\u00e9r\u203a e-\u00f0\u201c en \u00fea\u00f0 er merkt me\u00f0 <em>!?<\/em> sem merkir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 nj\u00f3ti ekki fullrar vi\u00f0urkenningar. \u00dea\u00f0 fellur vel a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem segir \u00ed <em>M\u00e1l<\/em>\u00ad<em>farsbankanum<\/em>: \u201eM\u00e6lt er me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja: <strong>kaupa inn<\/strong>, <strong>kaupa v\u00f6rur<\/strong>, <strong>kaupa s\u00e9r v\u00f6rur<\/strong>. S\u00ed\u00f0ur: \u201eversla inn\u201c, \u201eversla v\u00f6rur\u201c, versla s\u00e9r v\u00f6rur\u201c. Hins vegar: <strong>versla me\u00f0 v\u00f6rur<\/strong>, <strong>versla vi\u00f0 einhvern<\/strong>.\" En \u00fdmsar forvitnilegar breytingar hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 heg\u00f0un sagnarinnar \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu 100-150 \u00e1rum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 19. \u00f6ld t\u00f3k s\u00f6gnin oft andlag, en \u00fea\u00f0 var \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli en ekki \u00feolfalli. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenzkum sagnabl\u00f6\u00f0um<\/em> 1817 segir: \u201eEinn\u00adig skal \u00fead leifiligt skipum \u00feeim er med leidibr\u00e9fi koma tilbaka fr\u00e1 St\u00f3rbretalandi ad verzla v\u00f6rum \u00feeim er \u00feau hafa medferdis.\u201c \u00cd <em>Austra <\/em>1886 segir: \u201e\u00cd b\u00e6num Caen \u00ed Normand\u00edi er st\u00f3rt torg sem ungar st\u00falkur s\u00e6kja til, er \u00fe\u00e6r vilja verzla h\u00e1rinu \u00ed peninga.\u201c Yngstu d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0 um <em>versla<\/em> me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufallsandlagi eru fr\u00e1 fyrstu \u00e1ratugum 20. aldar, \u00fe. \u00e1 m. \u201eMamma! heldur \u00fe\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa vildir versla ullinni minni fyrir mig?\u201c \u00ed <em>Hl\u00edn<\/em> 1927.<\/p>\n<p>Svol\u00edti\u00f0 annars e\u00f0lis eru d\u00e6mi \u00far <em>\u00d6nnu fr\u00e1 St\u00f3ruborg<\/em> eftir J\u00f3n Trausta: \u201e\u00c9g \u00e1tti a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta versla m\u00e9r burt fyrir silfur og gull og nokkur hundru\u00f0 \u00ed j\u00f6r\u00f0um!\u201c, og \u00far <em>Upp vi\u00f0 fossa <\/em>eftir \u00deorgils gjallanda: \u201eKeypti \u00e6r fyrir hey\u00adver\u00f0\u00adi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 Brandi og versla\u00f0i \u00f6llu, sem hann komst yfir, til fj\u00e1rkaupa. \u201c\u00a0\u00cd \u00feessum d\u00e6mum merkir s\u00f6gnin ekki 'kaupa og selja', heldur ein\u00adungis 'selja'. \u00deetta samr\u00e6mist sk\u00fdr\u00adingum sagnarinnar \u00ed <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> fr\u00e1 1920-1924 \u00fear sem b\u00e6\u00f0i er gefin merkingin 'handle, drive Handel' og \u201e<em>v[ersla] e-u<\/em>, handle med n-t, s\u00e6lge n-t\u201c. \u00de\u00f3 er alltaf miklu algengara a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin taki me\u00f0 s\u00e9r for\u00adsetningarli\u00f0 \u2013 <em>versla me\u00f0<\/em> (<em>eitt\u00adhva\u00f0<\/em>) e\u00f0a <em>versla vi\u00f0 <\/em>(<em>ein<\/em>\u00ad<em>hvern<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Vissulega m\u00e1 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 langt fram eftir 19. \u00f6ld var n\u00e1nast eing\u00f6ngu um v\u00f6ruskiptaverslun a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u2013 f\u00f3lk l\u00e9t af hendi einhverjar v\u00f6rur en f\u00e9kk a\u00f0rar \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. \u00deannig m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 \u00feegar tala\u00f0 er um a\u00f0 <em>versla v\u00f6rum <\/em>s\u00e9 hvor a\u00f0ili um sig b\u00e6\u00f0i kaupandi og seljandi, og \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e6tti halda fram a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin merki \u00fearna 'kaupa og selja', ekki bara 'selja'. En \u00fea\u00f0 er samt greinilegt a\u00f0 \u00ed d\u00e6munum h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan er alltaf horft \u00e1 vi\u00f0skiptin fr\u00e1 sj\u00f3narh\u00f3li selj\u00adand\u00adans, og stundum kemur l\u00edka fram a\u00f0 ekki er um v\u00f6ruskipti a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, eins og \u00feegar tala\u00f0 er um a\u00f0 \u201everzla h\u00e1rinu \u00ed peninga\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00ed um\u00adr\u00e6ddum d\u00e6mum hafi <em>versla <\/em>merkinguna 'selja'.<\/p>\n<p>Setningager\u00f0irnar sem <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankinn<\/em> telur \u00f3\u00e6skilegar, <em>versla inn<\/em>, <em>versla v\u00f6rur<\/em>, <em>versla s\u00e9r v\u00f6rur<\/em>, og einnig t.d. <em>versla \u00ed matinn<\/em>, vir\u00f0ast vera frekar n\u00fdtilkomnar, og elstu d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um \u00fe\u00e6r allar eru fr\u00e1 svipu\u00f0um t\u00edma, kringum 1980, en d\u00e6mum fj\u00f6lgar mj\u00f6g \u00f6rt. \u00cd <em>Lyst<\/em>\u00ad<em>r\u00e6ningjanum <\/em>1977 segir \u201eKonan elskar sems\u00e9 a\u00f0 versla s\u00e9r tuskur.\u201c \u00cd <em>Vikunni <\/em>1978 segir \u201eVi\u00f0 fer\u00f0umst mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0, verslum inn fr\u00e1 Frakklandi, \u00cdtal\u00edu, Finnlandi, Dan\u00adm\u00f6rku, Englandi, Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, Noregi, \u00de\u00fdskalandi og Hol\u00adlandi.\u201c \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1978 segir \u201eHann er t.d. [...] a\u00f0 verzla \u00ed matinn.\u201c \u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1981 segir \u201eN\u00fa getur f\u00f3lk komi\u00f0 \u00ed S\u00fdningah\u00f6llina og versla\u00f0 v\u00f6rur \u00e1 hl\u00e6gilega l\u00e1gu ver\u00f0i.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00dearna koma fram b\u00e6\u00f0i setningafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar og merk\u00adingar\u00adlegar n\u00fdjungar. S\u00f6gnin er aftur farin a\u00f0 taka me\u00f0 s\u00e9r and\u00adlag, n\u00fa \u00ed \u00feolfalli \u2013 <em>versla v\u00f6rur<\/em>. H\u00fan getur meira a\u00f0 segja teki\u00f0 tv\u00f6 andl\u00f6g, \u00fe\u00e1gufall og \u00feolfall \u2013 <em>versla s\u00e9r v\u00f6rur<\/em>. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki getur h\u00fan n\u00fa teki\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00e9r atviksor\u00f0i\u00f0 (\u00f6gn\u00adina) <em>inn<\/em>. Merkingarlega n\u00fdjungin er s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessum d\u00e6m\u00adum merkir <em>versla <\/em>ekki 'selja', og ekki heldur 'kaupa og selja', heldur bara 'kaupa'. \u00dea\u00f0 er samt ekki svo a\u00f0 amast s\u00e9 vi\u00f0 \u00f6llum d\u00e6mum um a\u00f0 <em>versla<\/em> merki 'kaupa'. \u00deegar \u00e9g segist <em>versla vi\u00f0 einhvern<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>versla hj\u00e1 einhverjum<\/em> er \u00e9g a\u00f0 kaupa eitthva\u00f0, ekki selja, og sama gildir \u00feegar \u00e9g segist vera a\u00f0 <em>fara a\u00f0 versla<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fdmis tilbrig\u00f0i hafa veri\u00f0 \u00ed notkun sagn\u00adar\u00adinnar <em>versla<\/em>, b\u00e6\u00f0i setningager\u00f0 og merkingu \u2013 \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld tekur h\u00fan stundum me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1gufallsandlag og merkir 'selja', \u00e1 21. \u00f6ld tekur h\u00fan stundum me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00feolfallsandlag og merkir 'kaupa'. F\u00f3lk ver\u00f0ur svo sj\u00e1lft a\u00f0 gera upp vi\u00f0 sig hva\u00f0a sko\u00f0un \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 <em>versla <\/em>(<em>s\u00e9r<\/em>) <em>v\u00f6rur<\/em>, <em>versla inn<\/em> og <em>versla \u00ed matinn<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er komin a.m.k. 40 \u00e1ra hef\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessa notkun sagnarinnar, h\u00fan er mj\u00f6g al\u00adgeng, og veldur varla misskilningi. Vilji f\u00f3lk frysta \u00edslenskuna eins og h\u00fan var um mi\u00f0ja 20. \u00f6ld e\u00f0a fyrr er svo sem h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 ergja sig \u00e1 \u00feessu, en \u00feetta eru engin m\u00e1lspj\u00f6ll.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin versla er me\u00f0 algengari s\u00f6gnum m\u00e1lsins. \u00cd or\u00f0a\u00adb\u00f3kum um n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1l er h\u00fan sk\u00fdr\u00f0 'kaupa og selja; eiga \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum', en \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k er reyndar b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 merkingunni 'gera innkaup' og d\u00e6minu \u201eversla \u2039s\u00e9r\u203a e-\u00f0\u201c en \u00fea\u00f0 er merkt me\u00f0 !? sem merkir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 nj\u00f3ti ekki fullrar vi\u00f0urkenningar. \u00dea\u00f0 fellur vel a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635,158638],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar","category-malvillur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3786"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3939,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3786\/revisions\/3939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}