{"id":3925,"date":"2021-06-06T14:46:51","date_gmt":"2021-06-06T14:46:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3925"},"modified":"2021-06-15T22:54:27","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T22:54:27","slug":"hvad-er-malvenja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2021\/06\/06\/hvad-er-malvenja\/","title":{"rendered":"Hva\u00f0 er m\u00e1lvenja?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef oft veri\u00f0 spur\u00f0ur eitthva\u00f0 sem svo: \u201eEf n\u00f3gu margt f\u00f3lk tekur upp einhverja vitleysu, ver\u00f0ur h\u00fan \u00fe\u00e1 r\u00e9tt?\u201c \u00c9g hef alltaf svara\u00f0 sl\u00edkum spurningum j\u00e1tandi \u2013 \u00feannig er \u00fea\u00f0 einmitt sem tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 virkar. En \u00e9g veit vel a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt svar hugnast ekki \u00f6llum \u2013 m\u00f6rgum finnst a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem er r\u00e9tt hlj\u00f3ti a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 vera r\u00e9tt \u00fe\u00f3tt st\u00f3r hluti m\u00e1lnotenda s\u00e9 farinn a\u00f0 tala \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi. \u00c1g\u00e6tur m\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunarma\u00f0ur <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/page\/6517059?iabr=on#page\/n12\/mode\/1up\">sag\u00f0i<\/a> einu sinni a\u00f0 engum dytti \u00ed hug \u201ea\u00f0 mi\u00f0a s\u00f6ngkennslu vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig l\u00e9legasti s\u00f6ngvarinn syngur lagi\u00f0. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0lagi\u00f0 breytist ekki neitt \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 einstaka ma\u00f0ur syngi falskt. \u00dea\u00f0 heldur \u00e1fram a\u00f0 vera sama lagi\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>En tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 er annars e\u00f0lis \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er samkomulagsatri\u00f0i m\u00e1lnotenda. Ef n\u00f3gu margt f\u00f3lk er fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota eitthvert or\u00f0, or\u00f0asamband, merkingu, beygingu e\u00f0a frambur\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt a\u00f0 m\u00e1lumhverfi \u00feess (ekki endilega allt m\u00e1lsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0) sam\u00feykki \u00feessa notkun, \u00fe\u00e1 er h\u00fan or\u00f0in r\u00e9tt. \u00c1g\u00e6tt d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta er or\u00f0i\u00f0\u00a0<em>vetfang<\/em>. \u00cd\u00a0<em>M\u00e1lfarsbankann <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/70544\">segir<\/a>: \u201eAthuga a\u00f0 rugla ekki saman or\u00f0unum <strong>vetfang <\/strong>og <strong>vettvangur<\/strong>. <em>\u00deetta ger\u00f0ist \u00ed einu vetfangi. M\u00e1li\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 r\u00e6tt \u00e1 \u00feessum vettvangi.<\/em>\u201c En \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/malid.is\/leit\/vetfang\">stendur<\/a> \u201e<strong>vetfang <\/strong>h. (17. \u00f6ld) \u2018andr\u00e1, svipan\u2019; ummyndun \u00far vettvangur\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g er alveg samm\u00e1la <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>\u2013 \u00ed m\u00ednu m\u00e1li eru <em>vetfang <\/em>og <em>vettvangur <\/em>tv\u00f6 sk\u00fdrt a\u00f0greind or\u00f0 me\u00f0 mismunandi merkingu, og m\u00e9r finnst \u00e6skilegt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed \u00feannig. En \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir ekki a\u00f0 \u00e9g efist um upprunask\u00fdringu <em>\u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3kar<\/em>, a\u00f0 <em>vetfang <\/em>s\u00e9 ummyndun \u00far <em>vettvangur <\/em>\u2013 ef \u00feetta v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 gerast \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li v\u00e6ri kannski frekar tala\u00f0 um \u201eafb\u00f6kun\u201c e\u00f0a \u201eor\u00f0skr\u00edpi\u201c. \u00deegar \u00feessi ummyndun var a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a hefur \u00feetta au\u00f0vita\u00f0 veri\u00f0 \u201erangt m\u00e1l\u201c til a\u00f0 byrja me\u00f0. En f\u00f3lk h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram a\u00f0 nota \u00feessa \u201em\u00e1lvillu\u201c, og \u00e1 endanum h\u00e6tti h\u00fan a\u00f0 vera \u201evilla\u201c og var\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkennt m\u00e1l. \u00deannig ver\u00f0a m\u00e1lbreytingar og \u00feannig hafa \u00fe\u00e6r alltaf or\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>Hins vegar m\u00e1 au\u00f0vita\u00f0 velta \u00fev\u00ed fyrir s\u00e9r hven\u00e6r tiltekin n\u00fdjung s\u00e9 or\u00f0in m\u00e1lvenja, og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c samkv\u00e6mt vi\u00f0urkenndri skilgreiningu. Auglj\u00f3slega er h\u00fan vi\u00f0urkennd ef allt m\u00e1lsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 er b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka hana upp, eins og me\u00f0 <em>vetfang<\/em>, en varla \u00fearf \u00fea\u00f0 til \u2013 t\u00e6past dettur nokkrum \u00ed hug a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 rangt a\u00f0 bera fram <em>\u00e1 <\/em>og <em>au<\/em> \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og <em>langur<\/em> og <em>\u00fer\u00f6ngur<\/em>, \u00fe\u00f3tt s\u00e1 frambur\u00f0ur s\u00e9 \u00f3umdeilanlega \u201en\u00fdjung\u201c og enn s\u00e9 til f\u00f3lk sem ber fram <em>a <\/em>og <em>\u00f6<\/em> \u00ed sl\u00edkum or\u00f0um. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fatiloka\u00f0 a\u00f0 koma me\u00f0 skilgreiningu \u00e1 m\u00e1lvenju sem almenn s\u00e1tt ver\u00f0i um, en h\u00e9r er m\u00edn tilraun:<\/p>\n<p>Ef tiltekin n\u00fdjung hefur komi\u00f0 upp fyrir 20 \u00e1rum e\u00f0a meira, er farin a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st \u00ed ritu\u00f0u m\u00e1li, nokkur fj\u00f6ldi f\u00f3lks hefur hana \u00ed m\u00e1li s\u00ednu, og b\u00f6rn sem tileinka s\u00e9r hana \u00e1 m\u00e1lt\u00f6kuskei\u00f0i halda henni \u00e1 fullor\u00f0ins\u00e1rum, finnst m\u00e9r m\u00e1l til komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna hana sem m\u00e1lvenju og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf ekki endilega a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 talin \u00e6skileg \u00ed hva\u00f0a m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i sem er, en \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 h\u00fan er ekki ford\u00e6md og f\u00f3lk sem hefur hana \u00ed m\u00e1li s\u00ednu er ekki liti\u00f0 hornauga e\u00f0a hneykslast \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef oft veri\u00f0 spur\u00f0ur eitthva\u00f0 sem svo: \u201eEf n\u00f3gu margt f\u00f3lk tekur upp einhverja vitleysu, ver\u00f0ur h\u00fan \u00fe\u00e1 r\u00e9tt?\u201c \u00c9g hef alltaf svara\u00f0 sl\u00edkum spurningum j\u00e1tandi \u2013 \u00feannig er \u00fea\u00f0 einmitt sem tungum\u00e1li\u00f0 virkar. En \u00e9g veit vel a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt svar hugnast ekki \u00f6llum \u2013 m\u00f6rgum finnst a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem er r\u00e9tt hlj\u00f3ti a\u00f0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3925"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3945,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3925\/revisions\/3945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}