{"id":3953,"date":"2021-07-16T12:56:35","date_gmt":"2021-07-16T12:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=3953"},"modified":"2025-07-18T10:35:16","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T10:35:16","slug":"gaernott","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2021\/07\/16\/gaernott\/","title":{"rendered":"g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt og fyrrag\u00e6r"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd\u00a0M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>segir<\/strong><\/a>: \u201eR\u00e9tt er a\u00f0 segja \u00ed fyrrin\u00f3tt<\/strong> \u00feegar \u00e1tt er vi\u00f0 n\u00f3ttina fyrir daginn \u00ed g\u00e6r. Ekki hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0in \u201e\u00ed g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt\u201c \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu n\u00e9 nokkurri annarri merkingu.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 skilgreiningaratri\u00f0i hva\u00f0 hefur \u201et\u00ed\u00f0kast\u201c en or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em> er alls ekki \u00f3\u00feekkt. Elsta (og raunar eina) d\u00e6mi<\/a> Ritm\u00e1lssafns <\/em>\u00c1rnastofnunar um \u00fea\u00f0 er fr\u00e1 1836 \u2013 \u00far br\u00e9fi fr\u00e1 sj\u00e1lfum Sveinbirni Egilssyni sem venjulega er talinn einn or\u00f0hagasti ma\u00f0ur sem skrifa\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 \u00edslensku: \u201eKammerr\u00e1\u00f0 Finsen s\u00e1la\u00f0ist \u00ed g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt af febri nervosa.\u201c \u00dearna er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00d3laf Hannesson Finsen sem l\u00e9st 24. febr\u00faar \u00feetta \u00e1r, en umr\u00e6dda setningu er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed eftirskrift dag\u00adsettri 25. febr\u00faar. Sveinbj\u00f6rn vir\u00f0ist \u00fev\u00ed nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed merk\u00adingunni 'fyrrin\u00f3tt'.<\/p>\n

\u00c1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru 232 d\u00e6mi um g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em>, hi\u00f0 elsta fr\u00e1 1945 en meira en helmingur fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu 20 \u00e1rum, og \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em> eru 326 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0. En M\u00e1lfarsbankinn <\/em>er ekki einn um a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em>. \u00cd lesendabr\u00e9fi \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1998 var or\u00f0i\u00f0 kalla\u00f0<\/a> \u201ebarnam\u00e1l\u201c og \u201eor\u00f0skr\u00edpi\u201c. G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson minntist nokkrum sinnum \u00e1 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1ttum s\u00ednum um \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> \u2013 \u00e1ri\u00f0 1987 kalla\u00f0i<\/a> hann \u00fea\u00f0 \u201efur\u00f0ulegt m\u00e1lbl\u00f3m\u201c og sag\u00f0i<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i \u00ed s\u00ednu ungd\u00e6mi veri\u00f0 \u201etali\u00f0 til afglapam\u00e1ls\u201c. S\u00ed\u00f0ar vir\u00f0ist hugur hans \u00ed gar\u00f0 or\u00f0sins hafa mildast \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 1995 sag\u00f0i<\/a> hann: \u201eEn \u00fea\u00f0 angrar mig ekki neitt, enda au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 vitna \u00ed or\u00f0in g\u00e6rmorgunn<\/strong> og g\u00e6rdagur<\/strong>. M\u00e9r finnst \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u201eg\u00e6rn\u00f3tt\u201c s\u00e9 ekki br\u00e1\u00f0nau\u00f0synlegt or\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em> er vitanlega hvorki \u201eor\u00f0skr\u00edpi\u201c n\u00e9 \u201eafglapa\u00adm\u00e1l\u201c eins og Tryggvi G\u00edslason bendir \u00e1<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em> er mynd\u00ada\u00f0 \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt og or\u00f0in g\u00e6rdagur<\/em>, g\u00e6r<\/em>\u00adkv\u00f6ld<\/em> og g\u00e6r<\/em>\u00admorg<\/em>\u00adun<\/em>[n<\/em>], en hefur ekki fest r\u00e6tur \u00ed daglegu m\u00e1li og m\u00e1lv\u00f6nd\u00adunar\u00admenn hafa amast vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed v\u00f6ndu\u00f0u m\u00e1li.\u00a0 En \u00feegar sj\u00e1lfur Sveinbj\u00f6rn Egilsson notar or\u00f0i\u00f0 er sannar\u00adlega \u00far v\u00f6ndu a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a!\u201c\u00a0 En venjulega er h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 ekki s\u00e9 hef\u00f0 fyrir or\u00f0inu: \u201eVissulega er tala\u00f0 um g\u00e6rdag, g\u00e6rkv\u00f6ld e\u00f0a g\u00e6rmorgun, en g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt hefur ekki veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1li okkar fram a\u00f0 \u00feessu\u201c segir<\/a> J\u00f3n A\u00f0alsteinn J\u00f3nsson. Eins og h\u00e9r hefur komi\u00f0 fram er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki alveg r\u00e9tt \u2013 En hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt svo v\u00e6ri? Ef aldrei m\u00e6tti nota or\u00f0 nema hef\u00f0 v\u00e6ri fyrir \u00fev\u00ed k\u00e6mu au\u00f0vita\u00f0 engin n\u00fd or\u00f0 inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 r\u00e9tt hj\u00e1 G\u00edsla J\u00f3nssyni a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt <\/em>er ekki \u201ebr\u00e1\u00f0nau\u00f0synlegt\u201c. En \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur varla nota\u00f0 sem r\u00f6k gegn \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 sama m\u00e1 segja um mikinn fj\u00f6lda annarra or\u00f0a. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rdagur <\/em>er til d\u00e6mis \u201e\u00f3\u00fearft\u201c ef \u00fat \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 er fari\u00f0 \u2013 \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 segja \u00ed g\u00e6rdag<\/em> v\u00e6ri alveg n\u00f3g a\u00f0 segja \u00ed g\u00e6r<\/em>. Vandinn vi\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em> er hins vegar s\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera nota\u00f0 \u00ed tveimur mismunandi merkingum \u2013 \u00feegar sagt er \u00feetta ger\u00f0ist \u00ed g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt <\/em>er ekki alltaf lj\u00f3st hvort merkingin er '\u00feetta ger\u00f0ist \u00ed fyrrin\u00f3tt (n\u00f3ttina fyrir g\u00e6rdaginn)' eins og \u00fea\u00f0 merkti hj\u00e1 Sveinbirni Egilssyni, e\u00f0a '\u00feetta ger\u00f0ist \u00ed n\u00f3tt (s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0na n\u00f3tt)'. Kannski er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feessi \u00f3vissa sem veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta annars \u00e1g\u00e6ta og e\u00f0lilega or\u00f0 er margfalt minna nota\u00f0 en systkini \u00feess.<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 skylt or\u00f0 sem sem G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson nefndi \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em> og gaf ekki betri ums\u00f6gn er fyrrag\u00e6r<\/em> sem hann sag\u00f0i<\/a> vera \u201esamskonar glapam\u00e1l, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 af vanm\u00e6tti e\u00f0a einhvers konar tilbur\u00f0um til fyndni.\u201c En \u00feetta er \u00fe\u00f3 gamalt or\u00f0 sem kemur fyrir hj\u00e1 \u00fdmsum virtum h\u00f6fundum \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi<\/a> Ritm\u00e1lssafns \u00c1rnastofnunar<\/em> er \u00far kv\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 17. \u00f6ld eftir Stef\u00e1n \u00d3lafsson \u00ed Vallanesi. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 kemur l\u00edka fyrir \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0s\u00f6gum J\u00f3ns \u00c1rnasonar<\/em> og \u00ed \u00feulu og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed safni \u00d3lafs Dav\u00ed\u00f0ssonar, \u00cdslenskar \u00feulur og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur einnig a.m.k. sj\u00f6 sinnum fyrir \u00ed verkum Halld\u00f3rs Laxness, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al \u00ed kvi\u00f0lingnum \u201e\u00d3j\u00f3n \u00f3j\u00f3n fullur \u00ed dag fullur \u00ed g\u00e6r fullur \u00ed fyrrag\u00e6r\u201c \u00ed \u00cdslandsklukkunni<\/em>, og Thor Vilhj\u00e1lmsson hefur einnig nota\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00c1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru r\u00fam 60 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0, og \u00fea\u00f0 er flettior\u00f0<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> Sigf\u00fasar Bl\u00f6ndals og nefnt undir g\u00e6r<\/em> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. Ekki er \u00f3l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 hli\u00f0sj\u00f3n af forg\u00e5rs<\/em> \u00ed d\u00f6nsku og \u00fea\u00f0 er kannski megin\u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0, en \u00feetta er e\u00f0lileg or\u00f0myndun \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 fyrradag<\/em>, fyrramorgun<\/em>, fyrrakv\u00f6ld<\/em> og fyrrin\u00f3tt<\/em>. Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 fyrrag\u00e6r <\/em>s\u00e9, r\u00e9tt eins og g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt<\/em>, <\/em>\u201e\u00f3\u00fearft\u201c or\u00f0, \u00feannig s\u00e9\u00f0, vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum fyrradag<\/em> \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu \u2013 en \u00feetta eru engin m\u00e1lspj\u00f6ll, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00e9g \u00e6tli ekki a\u00f0 leggja til a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 t\u00f6kum \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed virka notkun. En hvorugt or\u00f0i\u00f0, g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt <\/em>og fyrrag\u00e6r<\/em>, \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 skili\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera \u00fathr\u00f3pa\u00f0 sem \u201eor\u00f0skr\u00edpi\u201c e\u00f0a \u201eafglapam\u00e1l\u201c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd\u00a0M\u00e1lfarsbankanum segir: \u201eR\u00e9tt er a\u00f0 segja \u00ed fyrrin\u00f3tt \u00feegar \u00e1tt er vi\u00f0 n\u00f3ttina fyrir daginn \u00ed g\u00e6r. Ekki hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0in \u201e\u00ed g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt\u201c \u00ed \u00feessari merkingu n\u00e9 nokkurri annarri merkingu.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 skilgreiningaratri\u00f0i hva\u00f0 hefur \u201et\u00ed\u00f0kast\u201c en or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00e6rn\u00f3tt er alls ekki \u00f3\u00feekkt. Elsta (og raunar eina) d\u00e6mi Ritm\u00e1lssafns \u00c1rnastofnunar um \u00fea\u00f0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3953","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3953","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3953"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3953\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7458,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3953\/revisions\/7458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}