{"id":4197,"date":"2022-03-13T08:00:03","date_gmt":"2022-03-13T08:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4197"},"modified":"2022-03-12T15:17:35","modified_gmt":"2022-03-12T15:17:35","slug":"hinir-fjoru-storu-fundudu-i-fjoran-og-halfan-dag","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/03\/13\/hinir-fjoru-storu-fundudu-i-fjoran-og-halfan-dag\/","title":{"rendered":"Hinir fj\u00f3ru st\u00f3ru fundu\u00f0u \u00ed fj\u00f3ran og h\u00e1lfan dag"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var \u00e9g a\u00f0 skrifa um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feegar b\u00fanar eru til sterkar myndir af ra\u00f0t\u00f6lum eins og <em>\u00feri\u00f0ji<\/em>, <em>fj\u00f3r\u00f0i<\/em> og <em>fimmti<\/em> sem venjulega hafa a\u00f0eins veika beygingu. \u00deetta gerist st\u00f6ku sinnum \u00feegar ra\u00f0t\u00f6lurnar standa \u00ed setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00fear sem sterk beyging l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a v\u00e6ri notu\u00f0, eins og <em>Reykjav\u00edkurd\u00e6tur voru \u00feri\u00f0jar \u00e1 svi\u00f0<\/em>. En \u00f6fugt vi\u00f0 ra\u00f0t\u00f6lur hafa frumt\u00f6lur a\u00f0eins sterka beygingu. Vi\u00f0 segjum <em>fj\u00f3r<strong>ir<\/strong> menn<\/em>, sbr. <em>g\u00f3\u00f0<strong>ir<\/strong> menn<\/em>, en ekki *<em>hinir fj\u00f3r<strong>u<\/strong> menn<\/em> \u00fe\u00f3tt sagt s\u00e9 <em>hinir g\u00f3\u00f0<strong>u<\/strong> menn<\/em>. Reyndar er alls ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa neina mynd t\u00f6luor\u00f0a \u00ed \u00feessari setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki heldur h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota sterku beyginguna \u2013 \u201e\u201ehinir fj\u00f3rir menn\u201c er \u00fev\u00ed rangt m\u00e1l fyrir: \u00feeir fj\u00f3rir\u201c segir Valdimar \u00c1smundsson \u00ed <em>Ritreglum<\/em> (1899).<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 eru samt til d\u00e6mi um veika beygingu t\u00f6luor\u00f0sins <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em>, \u00ed sambandinu (<em>hinir<\/em>\/<em>hinar<\/em>\/<em>hin<\/em>)<em> fj\u00f3ru st\u00f3ru<\/em> sem 142 d\u00e6mi eru um \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> og hefur veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 um margs konar fereyki. Elsta d\u00e6mi\u00f0 er \u00ed myndatexta \u00ed <em>F\u00e1lkanum<\/em> 1938: \u201eEfst \u00e1 myndinni er h\u00fasi\u00f0 \u00ed M\u00fcnchen, \u00fear sem \u201ehinir fj\u00f3ru st\u00f3ru\u201c, Hitler, Chamberlain, Mussolini og Daladier, komu saman \u00e1 d\u00f6gunum til \u00feess a\u00f0 gera \u00fat um \u00f6rl\u00f6g Evr\u00f3pu.\u201c S\u00ed\u00f0ar var \u00feetta i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0 um Bandar\u00edkin, Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin, Bretland og Frakkland, og um lei\u00f0toga \u00feeirra. \u00cd <em>DV<\/em> 2010 segir \u201eChelsea hefur \u00e1tt m\u00f6gnu\u00f0u gengi a\u00f0 fagna gegn hinum \u00feremur li\u00f0unum af \u00feeim fj\u00f3ru st\u00f3ru, Manchester United, Arsenal og Liverpool.\u201c Fj\u00f6ldamargt fleira m\u00e6tti nefna.<\/p>\n<p>Af frumt\u00f6lunum eru \u00fea\u00f0 bara fj\u00f3rar \u00fe\u00e6r fyrstu, <em>einn<\/em>, <em>tveir<\/em>, <em>\u00fer\u00edr <\/em>og <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em>, sem beygjast \u00ed kynjum og f\u00f6llum og hafa eing\u00f6ngu sterka beygingu eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir \u2013 nema <em>einn<\/em> sem hefur veiku myndina <em>eini<\/em> en h\u00fan er \u00fe\u00f3 yfirleitt frekar talin til l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0sins <em>einn<\/em>. En veik mynd kemur a\u00f0eins fyrir af <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em> sem er e\u00f0lilegt. Karlkyns- og kvenkynsmyndirnar, <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em> og <em>fj\u00f3rar<\/em>, hafa s\u00f6mu endingar og l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 \u2013 <em>g\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/em>, <em>g\u00f3\u00f0ar<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekki \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 sterku beygingunni s\u00e9 b\u00fain til veik mynd hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0 veikri beygingu l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a \u2013 <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em>\/<em>fj\u00f3rar \u2013 fj\u00f3ru<\/em>, sbr. <em>g\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/em>\/<em>g\u00f3\u00f0ar <\/em>\u2013 <em>g\u00f3\u00f0u<\/em>. Myndirnar <em>tveir<\/em>\/<em>tv\u00e6r<\/em> og <em>\u00fer\u00edr<\/em>\/<em>\u00ferj\u00e1r<\/em> eru \u00f3l\u00edkar l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0smyndum og bj\u00f3\u00f0a ekki upp \u00e1 samsvarandi veika mynd. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta b\u00e6tist au\u00f0vita\u00f0 r\u00edmi\u00f0 <em>\u2013 fj\u00f3ru \u2013 st\u00f3ru<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00feetta er ekki eina afbrig\u00f0ilega beygingarmyndin sem <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em> getur fengi\u00f0. Sambandi\u00f0 <em>fj\u00f3ran og h\u00e1lfan<\/em> kemur fyrir 133 sinnum \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>, fyrst \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1914. D\u00e6mum um \u00feetta fj\u00f6lgar verulega \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum. Oftast er tala\u00f0 um <em>fj\u00f3ran og h\u00e1lfan vinning<\/em> en \u00fdmis \u00f6nnur nafnor\u00f0 koma einnig fyrir \u00ed \u00feessu sambandi. G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson t\u00f3k \u00feetta nokkrum sinnum fyrir \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1ttum s\u00ednum um \u00edslenskt m\u00e1l \u00ed <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em>, og Haraldur Bernhar\u00f0sson fjalla\u00f0i um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed <em>\u00cdslensku m\u00e1li<\/em> 2004 og sag\u00f0i: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka ekki alveg d\u00e6malaust a\u00f0 t\u00f6luor\u00f0 f\u00e1i l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0sbeygingu \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li; a\u00f0 minnsta kosti f\u00e6r <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em> gjarna l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0sbeyginguna <em>fj\u00f3ran<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 t\u00f6luor\u00f0sbeygingarinnar <em>fj\u00f3ra<\/em> \u00ed \u00feolfalli \u00ed karlkyni [\u2026] \u00dea\u00f0 er [\u2026] n\u00e1b\u00fdli\u00f0 vi\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>h\u00e1lfur<\/em> sem truflar og hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 t\u00f6luor\u00f0i\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e9r gegnir sama m\u00e1li: Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 <em>fj\u00f3rir <\/em>hefur d\u00e6miger\u00f0a mynd l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0s \u00ed sterkri beygingu hafa m\u00e1lnotendur tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 fara me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem sl\u00edkt. \u00dea\u00f0 gerist \u00fe\u00f3 ekki nema fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0in umhverfis\u00e1hrif. \u00cd fyrra d\u00e6minu, <em>fj\u00f3ru st\u00f3ru<\/em>, er \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00edmi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 <em>st\u00f3ru<\/em> sem veldur \u2013 myndin <em>fj\u00f3ru<\/em> kemur n\u00e6r eing\u00f6ngu fyrir \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed sambandi \u00fe\u00f3tt reyndar megi finna tv\u00f6 d\u00e6mi um <em>fj\u00f3ru sterku<\/em> \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>. Myndin <em>fj\u00f3ran <\/em>sem l\u00edtur \u00fat eins og l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feolfalli eint\u00f6lu karlkyni (sbr. <em>st\u00f3ran<\/em>) kemur eing\u00f6ngu fyrir me\u00f0 <em>h\u00e1lfan<\/em> sem tengist v\u00e6ntanlega \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e1 eftir <em>h\u00e1lfan<\/em> kemur nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed eint\u00f6lu en ekki fleirt\u00f6lu. M\u00e1lnotendum finnst \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 t\u00f6luor\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 undan, <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em>, eigi einnig a\u00f0 hafa d\u00e6miger\u00f0a eint\u00f6lumynd. \u00deetta getur eing\u00f6ngu komi\u00f0 til me\u00f0 t\u00f6luor\u00f0inu <em>fj\u00f3rir<\/em> \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 myndirnar <em>tveir<\/em> og <em>\u00fer\u00edr<\/em> eru \u00f3l\u00edkar l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r var \u00e9g a\u00f0 skrifa um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feegar b\u00fanar eru til sterkar myndir af ra\u00f0t\u00f6lum eins og \u00feri\u00f0ji, fj\u00f3r\u00f0i og fimmti sem venjulega hafa a\u00f0eins veika beygingu. \u00deetta gerist st\u00f6ku sinnum \u00feegar ra\u00f0t\u00f6lurnar standa \u00ed setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00fear sem sterk beyging l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a v\u00e6ri notu\u00f0, eins og Reykjav\u00edkurd\u00e6tur voru \u00feri\u00f0jar \u00e1 svi\u00f0. En \u00f6fugt vi\u00f0 ra\u00f0t\u00f6lur [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4197"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4198,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4197\/revisions\/4198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}