{"id":4355,"date":"2022-07-06T23:22:46","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T23:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4355"},"modified":"2022-07-06T23:22:46","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T23:22:46","slug":"smaetta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/07\/06\/smaetta\/","title":{"rendered":"Sm\u00e6tta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin <em>sm\u00e6tta<\/em> kemur fyrir \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, reyndar a\u00f0eins \u00ed <em>Konungsskuggsj\u00e1<\/em> sem er norsk, og a\u00f0eins \u00ed mi\u00f0myndinni <em>sm\u00e6ttast<\/em>. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em> er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 myndu\u00f0 (me\u00f0 <em>i<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi) af hvorugkyni l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0sins <em>sm\u00e1r<\/em>, \u00fe.e. <em>sm\u00e1tt<\/em>. S\u00f6gnin vir\u00f0ist lengstum hafa veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6f \u2013 engin g\u00f6mul d\u00e6mi eru um hana \u00ed <em>Ritm\u00e1lssafni <\/em>\u00c1rnastofnunar og h\u00fan kemur ekki fyrir \u00ed <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> fr\u00e1 1920-1924. Elsta d\u00e6mi um hana \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> er \u00ed grein Sigur\u00f0ar Nordals um V\u00f6lusp\u00e1 \u00ed <em>I\u00f0unni <\/em>1924 \u00fear sem segir: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 myndi gera kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 lj\u00f3sara og n\u00e1l\u00e6gara, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 sm\u00e6tta \u00fea\u00f0.\u201c Tr\u00falegt er a\u00f0 Sigur\u00f0ur hafi \u00feekkt \u00feekkt fornm\u00e1lsd\u00e6min.<\/p>\n<p>En n\u00e6st kemur s\u00f6gnin ekki fyrir fyrr en h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld s\u00ed\u00f0ar, \u00ed <em>St\u00fadentabla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1973 \u00fear sem segir: \u201eVissulega hefur \u00e1vallt veri\u00f0 st\u00e9ttarsvipur yfir r\u00e1\u00f0andi gildum, en jafnframt hefur \u00e1vallt veri\u00f0 viss kjarni \u00ed \u00feessum gildum, sem ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sm\u00e6tta ni\u00f0ur \u00ed st\u00e9ttarhagsmuni.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er vel hugsanlegt, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a nokku\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 \u00fearna s\u00e9 \u00ed raun og veru um n\u00fdmyndun a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, frekar en h\u00f6fundur textans s\u00e9 a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0 sem hann \u00feekkti. Til \u00feess bendir l\u00edka s\u00fa n\u00fdjung a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin er \u00fearna notu\u00f0 me\u00f0 fylgili\u00f0, <em>sm\u00e6tta ni\u00f0ur \u00ed<\/em>, eins og oftast hefur veri\u00f0 gert \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1986 segir: \u201eH\u00fan g\u00e6ti \u00fe\u00f3 t\u00e6plega fullyrt a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u201esm\u00e6tta\u201c \u00fea\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur \u00ed frumeiningar s\u00ednar, h\u00fan l\u00edtur \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed heild sinni.\u201c \u00dearna er <em>sm\u00e6tta<\/em> h\u00f6f\u00f0 innan g\u00e6salappa sem s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 h\u00fan hefur \u00fe\u00f3tt framandi \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma. En notkun or\u00f0sins f\u00f3r a\u00f0 vaxa seint \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum og s\u00fa \u00fer\u00f3un h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edunda, og upp \u00far aldam\u00f3tum var\u00f0 sprenging \u00ed notkuninni svo a\u00f0 n\u00e1nast er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 kalla <em>sm\u00e6tta <\/em>t\u00edskuor\u00f0. \u00deannig eru 12 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> fr\u00e1 1980-1989, en 217 fr\u00e1 2000-2009. Lj\u00f3st er a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 er h\u00e1lfgildings \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0 \u00ed hug- og f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsindum \u2013 st\u00f3r hluti d\u00e6ma um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00far fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum t\u00edmaritum \u00ed b\u00f3kmenntafr\u00e6\u00f0i og heimspeki.<\/p>\n<p>Merking or\u00f0sins \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li er 'minnka, draga \u00far' en \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndu d\u00e6mi \u00far grein Sigur\u00f0ar Nordals er merkingin eiginlega 'gera l\u00e9ttv\u00e6gara, draga \u00far gildi'. Stundum getur s\u00f6gnin merkt 'einfalda', og \u00fea\u00f0 g\u00e6ti \u00ed og me\u00f0 \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndum d\u00e6mum \u00far <em>St\u00fadentabla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1973 og <em>Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1986. En eftir a\u00f0 notkun or\u00f0sins f\u00f3r a\u00f0 aukast hefur merkingin 'gera l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00far, ni\u00f0url\u00e6gja' or\u00f0i\u00f0 meira \u00e1berandi og er n\u00fa l\u00edklega a\u00f0almerkingin. M\u00e1lsgrein \u00ed <em>Veru<\/em> 1993 s\u00fdnir vel d\u00e6miger\u00f0a notkun or\u00f0sins \u00e1 seinustu \u00e1rum: \u201eKonur eru sm\u00e6tta\u00f0ar ni\u00f0ur \u00ed kynf\u00e6ri s\u00edn og v\u00f6ld \u00feeirra f\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00far samf\u00e9laginu og inn \u00ed svefnherbergi\u00f0.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta endurspeglast \u00ed sk\u00fdringum or\u00f0ab\u00f3ka. \u00cd <em>\u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'gera sm\u00e6rra en skyldi, minnka, draga \u00far' en \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er eing\u00f6ngu gefin merkingin 'gera l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00far einhverju (einhverjum)'. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri hins vegar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 nefna \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kunum a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt s\u00f6gnin hafi \u00e1\u00f0ur veri\u00f0 notu\u00f0 \u00e1n fylgili\u00f0ar, eins og \u00ed \u00e1\u00f0urnefndu d\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 Sigur\u00f0i Nordal, er h\u00fan n\u00fa sjaldnast notu\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 geti\u00f0 s\u00e9 um \u00fatkomu \u00feess ferlis sem h\u00fan l\u00fdsir \u2013 h\u00fan er langoftast notu\u00f0 \u00ed sambandinu <em>sm\u00e6tta ni\u00f0ur \u00ed<\/em>. \u00deetta er mikilv\u00e6gt vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fatkoman er lykilatri\u00f0i \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 sm\u00e6ttunin er ni\u00f0url\u00e6gjandi.<\/p>\n<p>Nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>sm\u00e6ttun<\/em> er sem s\u00e9 til l\u00edka \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00far <em>\u00cdslensku m\u00e1li<\/em> 1986. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur oft \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu sem b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 <em>sm\u00e6tta<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>sm\u00e6ttun<\/em> er \u00fe\u00f3 l\u00edka nota\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'reductio', \u201e\u00feegar hugtak e\u00f0a kenning er sk\u00fdr\u00f0 e\u00f0a skilgreind me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru hugtaki e\u00f0a kenningu sem er talin liggja henni til grundvallar\u201c eins og <a href=\"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D2859%26fbclid%3DIwAR34TjdtL6KJGo_UgPf2kAr8EG-DAP3VAR5KbpRYrnpR4fVMYRlUXRjA6o0&amp;h=AT1wwb2w6x0jbRcbrEx7foGjouQi7hDlcD6i6yNaWdERRUXU4k_JEmsA_KEgdVJrnIjhvJGPXQu2n1yUiBdEz8sI_N7cvnku1Q8SpoyCjLEXpO_XhYqhVlXnfMgyIE0log&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c%5b0%5d=AT1CPg3TroZFk319gk_e3ZZNL0zr-exEqTWOe096-qmi8vbH9o9_rUHf-2V7rUzwY9e7Qtcv_aoY-LCpbt4AdyusR6OizlAIftzSh0MVs8Xj_R_ghAoSiMWLvuPpER0YXbsHJ3b2qSbfiXYtYIXnwZY6M_mB22Pm6Uwnjwy38Rx9YkCB2ueW9SxDAUqrlk0WyiE_JxRl65E\">segir<\/a> \u00e1 V\u00edsindavefnum. En <em>sm\u00e6tta<\/em> er gott d\u00e6mi um stutt og lipurt or\u00f0 sem er gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu en var l\u00edti\u00f0 nota\u00f0 og hefur n\u00fa gengi\u00f0 \u00ed endurn\u00fdjun l\u00edfdaga og fengi\u00f0 n\u00fdtt hlutverk. Sl\u00edk endurn\u00fdting getur oft gefist vel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6gnin sm\u00e6tta kemur fyrir \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, reyndar a\u00f0eins \u00ed Konungsskuggsj\u00e1 sem er norsk, og a\u00f0eins \u00ed mi\u00f0myndinni sm\u00e6ttast. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 myndu\u00f0 (me\u00f0 i-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi) af hvorugkyni l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0sins sm\u00e1r, \u00fe.e. sm\u00e1tt. S\u00f6gnin vir\u00f0ist lengstum hafa veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6f \u2013 engin g\u00f6mul d\u00e6mi eru um hana \u00ed Ritm\u00e1lssafni [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4355"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4356,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355\/revisions\/4356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}