{"id":4511,"date":"2022-09-17T08:00:23","date_gmt":"2022-09-17T08:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4511"},"modified":"2022-09-15T17:51:46","modified_gmt":"2022-09-15T17:51:46","slug":"gagnsleysi-ordflokkagreiningar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/09\/17\/gagnsleysi-ordflokkagreiningar\/","title":{"rendered":"Gagnsleysi or\u00f0flokkagreiningar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef \u00e1\u00f0ur, b\u00e6\u00f0i h\u00e9r og \u00ed b\u00f3k minni <em>Alls konar \u00edslenska<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/09\/05\/thannig-monnum-er-ekki-treystandi\/\">sagt fr\u00e1<\/a> einu mesta \u00e1falli unglings\u00e1ra minna \u2013 \u00feegar \u00e9g gata\u00f0i \u00e1 (\u00ed raun sk\u00edtl\u00e9ttri) m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ispurningu \u00e1 landspr\u00f3fi. Spurningin var: \u201eHvers vegna er rangt m\u00e1l a\u00f0 segja: \u00deannig m\u00f6nnum er ekki treystandi?\u201c \u00deetta vissi \u00e9g ekki \u2013 reyndi a\u00f0 v\u00edsu a\u00f0 kl\u00f3ra \u00ed bakkann me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6ri betur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja <em>sl\u00edkum m\u00f6nnum er ekki treystandi <\/em>en \u00fea\u00f0 var au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki svari\u00f0. Svari\u00f0 er vitanlega: \u00deetta er rangt vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 <em>\u00feannig<\/em> er <strong>atviksor\u00f0 <\/strong>og atviksor\u00f0 standa me\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um en ekki me\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0um. Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 hafi\u00f0 v\u00e6ntanlega flest l\u00e6rt or\u00f0flokkagreiningu \u00feykist \u00e9g vita a\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 hef\u00f0u\u00f0 ekki veri\u00f0 \u00ed vandr\u00e6\u00f0um me\u00f0 \u00feetta.<\/p>\n<p>Nei, dj\u00f3k. \u00c9g st\u00f3refast um a\u00f0 m\u00f6rg ykkar hef\u00f0u geta\u00f0 svara\u00f0 \u00feessu enda er <em>\u00feannig m\u00f6nnum er ekki treystandi<\/em> e\u00f0lilegt m\u00e1l okkar flestra og hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld. \u00dea\u00f0 er fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 telja \u00feetta rangt m\u00e1l \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri gert fyrir h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld. En au\u00f0vita\u00f0 hef\u00f0i \u00e9g samt \u00e1tt a\u00f0 geta svara\u00f0 spurningunni. \u00c9g vissi nefnilega m\u00e6tavel a\u00f0 <em>\u00feannig<\/em> v\u00e6ri atviksor\u00f0 og raunar held \u00e9g a\u00f0 \u00e9g hafi kunna\u00f0 or\u00f0flokkagreiningu upp \u00e1 t\u00edu \u2013 og meira a\u00f0 segja \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan skemmtileg, \u00f3l\u00edkt flestum sk\u00f3lasystkinum m\u00ednum. En \u00e9g var l\u00edka n\u00f6rd. Samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur dug\u00f0i s\u00fa kunn\u00e1tta m\u00e9r skammt til a\u00f0 svara \u00feessari spurningu, \u00fe\u00f3tt lykillinn a\u00f0 svarinu l\u00e6gi einmitt \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vita hva\u00f0a or\u00f0flokkur <em>\u00feannig<\/em> v\u00e6ri.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feessi kunn\u00e1tta dug\u00f0i m\u00e9r ekki til a\u00f0 svara spurningunni l\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed hvernig or\u00f0flokkagreiningin var kennd. Okkur var kennt a\u00f0 hengja merkimi\u00f0a \u00e1 or\u00f0in \u2013 \u00feetta er nafnor\u00f0, \u00feetta er s\u00f6gn, \u00feetta er atviksor\u00f0 o.s.frv. \u2013 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hugsa miki\u00f0 um <strong>hvers vegna<\/strong> eitthva\u00f0 v\u00e6ri nafnor\u00f0 e\u00f0a s\u00f6gn e\u00f0a atviksor\u00f0, og hvernig vi\u00f0 g\u00e6tum n\u00fdtt \u00feessa kunn\u00e1ttu. Vissulega var nefnt a\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0 v\u00e6ru \u201eheiti einhvers, svo sem <em>veru<\/em>, <em>hlutar<\/em>, <em>hugmyndar<\/em>, <em>verkna\u00f0ar<\/em>\u201c, sagnir greindu fr\u00e1 \u201e<strong>ath\u00f6fn<\/strong> e\u00f0a <strong>breytingu \u00e1 \u00e1standi<\/strong>\u201c svo a\u00f0 vitna\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenska m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i <\/em>Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar \u2013 og atviksor\u00f0in voru svo ruslakista, merkimi\u00f0i sem var hengdur \u00e1 or\u00f0 sem virtust ekki passa \u00ed neinn \u00feeirra flokka sem skilgreindir h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deessar \u00feumalputtareglur dug\u00f0u samt ekki alltaf, og \u00ed m\u00f6rgum tilvikum \u00feurfti einfaldlega a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra flokk tiltekinna or\u00f0a sem stundum var eiginlega alveg andst\u00e6\u00f0ur almennri skynsemi. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 <em>g\u00e6r<\/em> var t.d. flokka\u00f0 sem atviksor\u00f0 og er \u00fea\u00f0 enn \u00ed \u00f6llum or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum, s\u00fdnist m\u00e9r. Samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur er auglj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera nafnor\u00f0 \u2013 stendur \u00e1 eftir forsetningu, <em>\u00ed g\u00e6r<\/em>, hli\u00f0st\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 <em>\u00ed dag<\/em>, <em>\u00ed morgun<\/em>, <em>\u00ed kv\u00f6ld <\/em>o.s.frv. Eina \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki flokka\u00f0 sem nafnor\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 kemur a\u00f0eins fyrir \u00ed einni beygingarmynd, \u00ed sambandinu <em>\u00ed g\u00e6r<\/em>. En \u00feannig er \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 fj\u00f6lda nafnor\u00f0a. Engum dettur \u00ed hug a\u00f0 flokka <em>takteinum <\/em>og <em>bo\u00f0st\u00f3lum<\/em> sem atviksor\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feau komi a\u00f0eins fyrir \u00ed samb\u00f6ndunum <em>\u00e1 takteinum <\/em>og <em>\u00e1 bo\u00f0st\u00f3lum<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Sem s\u00e9: \u00c9g kunni m\u00edna or\u00f0flokkagreiningu, og vissi a\u00f0 <em>\u00feannig<\/em> v\u00e6ri atviksor\u00f0 \u2013 en \u00e9g haf\u00f0i ekki l\u00e6rt a\u00f0 hagn\u00fdta m\u00e9r \u00feessa kunn\u00e1ttu. H\u00fan var m\u00e9r gagnslaus \u00feegar \u00e1 reyndi. Vissulega segir Bj\u00f6rn Gu\u00f0finnsson: \u201eAtviksor\u00f0 standa einkum me\u00f0 <strong>s\u00f6gnum<\/strong>, <strong>l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um<\/strong> og \u00f6\u00f0rum <strong>atviksor\u00f0um <\/strong>til frekari <strong>\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unar<\/strong>.\u201c En einhvern veginn haf\u00f0i l\u00edtil \u00e1hersla veri\u00f0 l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feetta, og \u00fear a\u00f0 auki segir \u00fearna \u201eeinkum\u201c \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 segir ekki a\u00f0 \u00feau <strong>geti ekki <\/strong>sta\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0um. N\u00fa veit \u00e9g au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekkert um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig or\u00f0flokkagreining er kennd \u00ed dag e\u00f0a hversu mikil \u00e1hersla er l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 hana. En \u00e9g hef samt grun um a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 i\u00f0ulega kennd sem flokkunarfr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1n tengsla vi\u00f0 tilgang e\u00f0a raunverulega m\u00e1lnotkun.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er lei\u00f0inlegt, tilgangslaust og ekki til annars falli\u00f0 en hrekja nemendur fr\u00e1 \u00edslenskunni.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9g hef \u00e1\u00f0ur, b\u00e6\u00f0i h\u00e9r og \u00ed b\u00f3k minni Alls konar \u00edslenska, sagt fr\u00e1 einu mesta \u00e1falli unglings\u00e1ra minna \u2013 \u00feegar \u00e9g gata\u00f0i \u00e1 (\u00ed raun sk\u00edtl\u00e9ttri) m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ispurningu \u00e1 landspr\u00f3fi. Spurningin var: \u201eHvers vegna er rangt m\u00e1l a\u00f0 segja: \u00deannig m\u00f6nnum er ekki treystandi?\u201c \u00deetta vissi \u00e9g ekki \u2013 reyndi a\u00f0 v\u00edsu a\u00f0 kl\u00f3ra \u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4511"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4512,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4511\/revisions\/4512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}