{"id":4610,"date":"2022-10-14T08:00:56","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T08:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4610"},"modified":"2023-09-08T17:41:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-08T17:41:45","slug":"kosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/10\/14\/kosi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f3s\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r minnti<\/a> forseti Al\u00feingis vara\u00feingkonu P\u00edrata \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feingm\u00e1li\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00edslenska, \u00ed tilefni \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feingkonan nota\u00f0i or\u00f0i\u00f0 k\u00f3s\u00ed<\/em> \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0ust\u00f3l \u00feingsins. \u00deingkonan var ekki s\u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00feessa athugasemd og kom aftur \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0ust\u00f3l til a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 er<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> Stofnunar \u00c1rna Magn\u00fassonar, og sk\u00fdrt 'notalegur, hl\u00fdlegur'. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er l\u00edka a\u00f0 finna \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>og er \u00fear sk\u00fdrt 'notalegur, huggulegur'. \u00dear er \u00fea\u00f0 merkt ?? til a\u00f0 s\u00fdna a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 vafasamt m\u00e1l, en \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er \u00fea\u00f0 alveg athugasemdalaust. \u00c9g var spur\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed morgun\u00fatvarpi R\u00e1sar 2 \u00e1\u00f0an hvort \u00feetta v\u00e6ri \u00edslenska, og hven\u00e6r og hvernig erlend or\u00f0 yr\u00f0u \u00edslenska. Fyrri spurningunni er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 svara j\u00e1tandi, en hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 hina?<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 k\u00f3s\u00ed <\/em>(e\u00f0a k\u00f3s\u00fd<\/em>) er vitanlega t\u00f6kuor\u00f0, komi\u00f0 af enska or\u00f0inu cozy<\/em>. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed Sk\u00f3labla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1949: \u201eH\u00f6fum v\u00e9r eitt yfirm\u00e1ta k\u00f3s\u00ed kammersi me\u00f0ur pr\u00edvat vaskh\u00fasi til me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlunar og br\u00fakunar.\u201c \u00deetta er reyndar \u00far gamantexta sem er uppfullur af slettum og t\u00f6kuor\u00f0um og \u00fev\u00ed ekki alveg d\u00e6migert. En fr\u00e1 sj\u00f6tta \u00e1ratugnum eru nokkur d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeim fari fyrst a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lga um mi\u00f0jan t\u00edunda \u00e1ratuginn og s\u00e9rstaklega eftir aldam\u00f3t. Fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu 20 \u00e1rum eru um 4000 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>. Fyrst \u00f3formlegt t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 af \u00feessu tagi er svo algengt \u00e1 prenti er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g algengt \u00ed t\u00f6lu\u00f0u m\u00e1li og engin lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki \u00edslenska. En hven\u00e6r ver\u00f0ur or\u00f0 \u00far erlendu m\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00edslensku?<\/p>\n

Fyrir 20 \u00e1rum var gefin \u00fat endursko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fa af \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> \u00ed ritstj\u00f3rn Mar\u00f0ar \u00c1rnasonar. \u00dea\u00f0 vakti athygli<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00ed henni var a\u00f0 finna \u00fdmsar erlendar slettur sem \u00fe\u00f3ttu ekki vir\u00f0ulegt m\u00e1l og fram a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed h\u00f6f\u00f0u ekki komist \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur \u2013 or\u00f0 eins og b\u00f6gg<\/em>, dissa<\/em>, digg<\/em> \u2013 og sjitt<\/em>. \u00deessi or\u00f0 voru vissulega merkt s\u00e9rstaklega til a\u00f0 notendur g\u00e6tu vara\u00f0 sig \u00e1 \u00feeim \u2013 tv\u00f6 \u00feau fyrstnefndu sem \u201eslangur\u201c, \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feri\u00f0ja sem \u201e\u00f3forml.\u201c, og \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0astnefnda me\u00f0 tveimur spurningarmerkjum sem t\u00e1kna vafasamt m\u00e1l. Samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur voru \u00fdmsir m\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunarmenn \u00f3s\u00e1ttir vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 or\u00f0in skyldu s\u00fdnd og t\u00f6ldu<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u201ea\u00f0 fara \u00e1kaflega g\u00e6tilega \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka upp slanguryr\u00f0i sem n\u00e1nast er vita\u00f0 a\u00f0 flestir k\u00e6ra sig ekki um e\u00f0a jafnvel hneykslast \u00e1\u201c.<\/p>\n

En ver\u00f0ur or\u00f0 \u00edslenska vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera teki\u00f0 upp \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur? E\u00f0a \u00fearf or\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum til a\u00f0 geta kallast \u00edslenska? Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki. \u00dea\u00f0 eru ekki til nein f\u00f6st vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0a or\u00f0 skulu tekin \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur alltaf \u00e1 endanum hugl\u00e6gt mat or\u00f0ab\u00f3karitstj\u00f3ra, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir geti vissulega stu\u00f0st vi\u00f0 \u00fdmis atri\u00f0i eins og aldur or\u00f0anna \u00ed m\u00e1linu, t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00feeirra, \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu o.fl. \u00ddmis g\u00f3\u00f0 og gild \u00edslensk or\u00f0 er ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed almennum or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum af \u00fdmsum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um \u2013 \u00feau geta veri\u00f0 of s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0 til a\u00f0 eiga erindi \u00feanga\u00f0, of sjaldg\u00e6f til a\u00f0 or\u00f0ab\u00f3karitstj\u00f3rar hafi fregnir af \u00feeim, of n\u00fd til a\u00f0 vera komin inn, e\u00f0a svo auglj\u00f3srar merkingar a\u00f0 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulaust \u00feyki a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra \u00feau s\u00e9rstaklega.<\/p>\n

Vitanlega er erlendur uppruni ekki n\u00e6g \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 hafna or\u00f0um sem \u00edslenskum \u2013 \u00fe\u00e1 fyki talsver\u00f0ur hluti or\u00f0afor\u00f0ans, t.d. jafnalgeng og hversdagsleg or\u00f0 sem s\u00e1pa<\/em> og b\u00edll<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 sem helst g\u00e6ti komi\u00f0 \u00ed veg fyrir vi\u00f0urkenningu \u00e1 k\u00f3s\u00ed<\/em> sem \u00edslensku or\u00f0i er hlj\u00f3\u00f0afari\u00f0 og beygingin. \u00cdslensk erf\u00f0aor\u00f0 hafa ekki \u00ed<\/em> \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0ru atkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega s\u00e9u til vi\u00f0urkennd t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 af \u00fev\u00ed tagi, eins og t.d. m\u00e1na\u00f0aheitin j\u00fan\u00ed <\/em>og j\u00fal\u00ed<\/em>. Meira m\u00e1li skiptir a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 beygist ekki, en sama gildir um \u00fdmis \u00f6nnur l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 sem hafa komi\u00f0 inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00far ensku \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum \u2013 n\u00e6s<\/em>, k\u00fal<\/em>, t\u00f6ff<\/em> o.fl. En einnig er til fj\u00f6ldi \u00f3beyg\u00f0ra ramm\u00edslenskra l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a \u2013 or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -a<\/em> eins og andvaka<\/em>, fullbur\u00f0a<\/em>, samfer\u00f0a<\/em> o.fl., og -i<\/em>, eins og hugsi<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir erlendan uppruna, hlj\u00f3\u00f0afar og beygingarleysi hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 telja k\u00f3s\u00ed<\/em> hluta af \u00edslenskum or\u00f0afor\u00f0a vegna aldurs \u00feess, t\u00ed\u00f0ni og \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur meira a\u00f0 segja veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0<\/a> nokkrum sinnum \u00e1\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00feingr\u00e6\u00f0um, fyrst \u00e1ri\u00f0 2015, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00e9\u00f0 ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 athugasemdir hafi veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ulaust af forseta Al\u00feingis a\u00f0 gera athugasemd vi\u00f0 notkun \u00feess \u00ed g\u00e6r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r minnti forseti Al\u00feingis vara\u00feingkonu P\u00edrata \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feingm\u00e1li\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00edslenska, \u00ed tilefni \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feingkonan nota\u00f0i or\u00f0i\u00f0 k\u00f3s\u00ed \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0ust\u00f3l \u00feingsins. \u00deingkonan var ekki s\u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00feessa athugasemd og kom aftur \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0ust\u00f3l til a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k Stofnunar \u00c1rna Magn\u00fassonar, og sk\u00fdrt 'notalegur, hl\u00fdlegur'. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er l\u00edka […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4610"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5445,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4610\/revisions\/5445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}