{"id":4617,"date":"2022-10-17T12:57:09","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T12:57:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4617"},"modified":"2022-10-17T12:57:09","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T12:57:09","slug":"hugarfostur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/10\/17\/hugarfostur\/","title":{"rendered":"hugarf\u00f3stur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Um daginn var \u00e9g spur\u00f0ur um merkingu or\u00f0sins hugarf\u00f3stur <\/em>sem f\u00f3lk greindi \u00e1 um hva\u00f0 merkti. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur nefnilega ekki alltaf veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> \u00e1 Sn\u00f6ru<\/em> er a\u00f0eins gefin merkingin 'e-\u00f0 sem e-r \u00edmyndar s\u00e9r og sty\u00f0st ekki vi\u00f0 veruleikann, \u00edmyndun', en \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er auk \u00feess gefin merkingin 'sem hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00ed huga e-s, n\u00fd hugmynd' sem vir\u00f0ist vera yngri. Elstu d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 eru fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed upphafi 20. aldar og \u00ed \u00feeim hefur \u00fea\u00f0 greinilega fyrri merkinguna eins og s\u00e9st \u00e1 d\u00e6mi \u00far Reykjav\u00edk<\/em> 1914: \u201eEnnfremur segir ritstj. \u201eL\u00f6gr\u00e9ttu\", a\u00f0 \u00e9g vilji \u00f3lmur segja D\u00f6num \u201efj\u00e1rm\u00e1lastr\u00ed\u00f0\u201c \u00e1 hendur. En \u00feetta er ekki anna\u00f0 en hugarf\u00f3stur ritstj\u00f3rans sj\u00e1lfs.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> fr\u00e1 1920-1924 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'tankefoster, hjernespind'. Or\u00f0inu hugarf\u00f3stur <\/em>svipar vitanlega til fyrrnefnda or\u00f0sins \u00fe\u00f3tt hugsanaf\u00f3stur <\/em>v\u00e6ri n\u00e1kv\u00e6mari samsv\u00f6run, en s\u00ed\u00f0arnefnda or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed sk\u00fdringunni samsvarar n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega or\u00f0inu heilaspuni<\/em> sem er sk\u00fdrt \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kinni. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 er nokkru eldra \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> er fr\u00e1 1844. Fyrir kemur a\u00f0 \u00feessi or\u00f0 s\u00e9u notu\u00f0 saman, eins og \u00ed V\u00edsi<\/em> 1914: \u201eMe\u00f0an svo er \u00e1statt vir\u00f0ist ekki \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 einbl\u00edna svo \u00e1 matarleysi\u00f0 framundan sjer, matarleysi, sem \u00ed raun og veru er heilaspuni e\u00f0a hugarf\u00f3stur a\u00f0 eins.\u201c Notkun beggja or\u00f0anna vir\u00f0ist vera til \u00e1herslu e\u00f0a sk\u00fdringar frekar en t\u00e1kna mismunandi merkingu.<\/p>\n

Merking or\u00f0sins hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 flj\u00f3tlega hafa fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 breytast. \u00cd F\u00e1lkanum<\/em> 1939 segir um Mjallhv\u00edti<\/em>: \u201eNafn hennar var \u00e1 hvers manns v\u00f6rum engu s\u00ed\u00f0ur en \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00f6f\u00f0ingja og stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamanna, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 h\u00fan v\u00e6ri a\u00f0eins teiknu\u00f0 stelpa, hugarf\u00f3stur Walt Disney.\u201c \u00cd Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1940 segir: \u201e\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0ir, sem b\u00faa langt fr\u00e1 \u00de\u00fdzkalandi, l\u00edta ef til vill \u00e1 \u00feessa hegningarl\u00f6ggj\u00f6f sem hugarf\u00f3stur manns, sem \u00fej\u00e1ist af mikilmennskubrj\u00e1l\u00e6\u00f0i.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdslendingi <\/em>1951 segir: \u201e\u00de\u00fasundir manna, sem l\u00e9tu s\u00e9r a\u00f0 v\u00edsu skiljast, a\u00f0 Sherlock Holmes var a\u00f0eins hugarf\u00f3stur Doyles, skrifu\u00f0u og m\u00f3tm\u00e6ltu har\u00f0lega a\u00f0 \u00e6vint\u00fdrum sp\u00e6jarans lyki \u00e1 svo \u00f3tilhl\u00fd\u00f0ilegan og \u00f3t\u00edmab\u00e6ran h\u00e1tt.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00dearna merkir hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> vissulega einhvers konar \u00edmyndun sem \u00fe\u00f3 raungerist. Sk\u00fdringin \u00e1 \u00edmyndun<\/em> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er 'e-\u00f0 sem ma\u00f0ur \u00edmyndar s\u00e9r, hugl\u00e6g sk\u00f6pun' og or\u00f0alagi\u00f0 \u201ehugl\u00e6g sk\u00f6pun\u201c l\u00fdsir \u00e1g\u00e6tlega merkingunni \u00ed hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> \u00ed \u00feessum d\u00e6mum. Munurinn \u00e1 \u00feessum d\u00e6mum og elstu d\u00e6munum um or\u00f0i\u00f0 er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 h\u00e9r er ekki lengur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 tala um hugar\u00f3ra. \u00c1 seinni \u00e1rum hefur hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> fengi\u00f0 mun almennari og v\u00ed\u00f0ari merkingu og merkir eiginlega 'afur\u00f0 hugmyndar' sem getur veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsum toga \u2013 f\u00e9lag, s\u00fdning, kvikmynd, b\u00f3k, veitingasta\u00f0ur, s\u00fdningarsalur, o.s.frv. \u00c1 bak vi\u00f0 \u00feetta er oft einhver hugsj\u00f3n \u00feannig a\u00f0 jafnvel m\u00e6tti oft segja a\u00f0 hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> merkti 'g\u00e6luverkefni'.<\/p>\n

Nokkur d\u00e6mi: \u201eEitt hugarf\u00f3stur \u00feeirra er b\u00f3kakl\u00fabburinn Lj\u00f3saser\u00edan\u201c; \u201eStuttmyndin R\u00e1n er hugarf\u00f3stur kvikmyndager\u00f0ar- og sj\u00f3mannsins Fj\u00f6lnis Baldurssonar\u201c; \u201e\u00deessar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ir voru hugarf\u00f3stur dr. Heinrich Arnold Thaulow\u201c; \u201eS\u00fdningin heitir Hugr\u00fan, sem er \u00fe\u00e1 hugarf\u00f3stur okkar\u201c; \u201e\u00c9g b\u00fd\u00f0 mig fram er hugarf\u00f3stur dansarans Unnar El\u00edsabetar Gunnarsd\u00f3ttur\u201c; \u201eS\u00fdningin er upphaflega hugarf\u00f3stur G\u00edsla P\u00e1lssonar mannfr\u00e6\u00f0ings\u201c; \u201eLj\u00f3\u00f0ab\u00f3kin Ur\u00f0 er komin \u00fat en h\u00fan er hugarf\u00f3stur Hj\u00f6rd\u00edsar Kvaran Einarsd\u00f3ttur, \u00edslenskufr\u00e6\u00f0ings\u201c; \u201eGaller\u00edi\u00f0 er hugarf\u00f3stur og samstarfsverkefni list- og verkgreinakennara\u201c; \u201eHj\u00f3nin hafa mikla \u00e1str\u00ed\u00f0u fyrir \u00fev\u00ed sem \u00feau eru a\u00f0 gera og sta\u00f0urinn er \u00feeirra hugarf\u00f3stur\u201c.<\/p>\n

Langflest d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 hugarf\u00f3stur <\/em>\u00e1 seinni \u00e1rum vir\u00f0ast hafa \u00feessa merkingu og s\u00fa upphaflega vir\u00f0ist vera n\u00e6r horfin \u00far almennri notkun. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 heilaspuni <\/em>sem upphaflega var samheiti vi\u00f0 hugarf\u00f3stur <\/em>hefur aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti haldi\u00f0 \u00ed upprunalega merkingu. \u00deess vegna er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r meinl\u00edti\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt hugarf\u00f3stur<\/em> hafi fengi\u00f0 n\u00fdja merkingu \u2013 vi\u00f0 eigum eftir sem \u00e1\u00f0ur \u00e1g\u00e6tt or\u00f0 til a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 g\u00f6mlu merkinguna.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um daginn var \u00e9g spur\u00f0ur um merkingu or\u00f0sins hugarf\u00f3stur sem f\u00f3lk greindi \u00e1 um hva\u00f0 merkti. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur nefnilega ekki alltaf veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00f6mu merkingu. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k \u00e1 Sn\u00f6ru er a\u00f0eins gefin merkingin 'e-\u00f0 sem e-r \u00edmyndar s\u00e9r og sty\u00f0st ekki vi\u00f0 veruleikann, \u00edmyndun', en \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k er auk \u00feess gefin merkingin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4617"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4618,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4617\/revisions\/4618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}