{"id":4628,"date":"2022-10-23T16:28:33","date_gmt":"2022-10-23T16:28:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4628"},"modified":"2022-10-24T13:26:19","modified_gmt":"2022-10-24T13:26:19","slug":"ad-berskjalda-sig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/10\/23\/ad-berskjalda-sig\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0 berskjalda sig"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cdslenskan er lifandi m\u00e1l og n\u00fd or\u00f0 eru alltaf a\u00f0 koma fram og n\u00e1 hylli m\u00e1lnotenda. \u00cd g\u00e6r s\u00e1 \u00e9g s\u00f6gnina berskjalda<\/em> \u00ed vi\u00f0tali<\/a> vi\u00f0 Unu Torfad\u00f3ttur t\u00f3nlistarkonu \u00e1 vef R\u00daV \u2013 \u201e\u00c9g hef alltaf lagt mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 upp \u00far \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vanda mig og a\u00f0 vera n\u00e6rg\u00e6tin af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e9r finnst \u00f3tr\u00falega mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 berskjalda sig \u00ed list og vera svol\u00edti\u00f0 hugrakkur\u201c. \u00deetta er ekki \u00ed fyrsta skipti sem \u00e9g s\u00e9 \u00feessa s\u00f6gn en h\u00fan er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki algengari en svo a\u00f0 \u00e9g tek eftir henni \u00feegar \u00e9g rekst \u00e1 hana. M\u00e9r fannst \u00feeim tilvikum hafa fj\u00f6lga\u00f0 undanfari\u00f0 og \u00feess vegna f\u00f3r \u00e9g a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a s\u00f6gnina svol\u00edti\u00f0. \u00de\u00e1 komst \u00e9g a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan er ekki \u00ed neinum or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum og ekki heldur \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00dear er aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti a\u00f0 finna<\/a> \u00f3beygjanlega l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 berskjalda<\/em> sem fj\u00f6gur d\u00e6mi<\/a> eru um \u00ed Ritm\u00e1lssafni \u00c1rnastofnunar<\/em>, \u00fea\u00f0 elsta fr\u00e1 17. \u00f6ld. \u00dea\u00f0 or\u00f0 \u00feekkti \u00e9g ekki heldur en \u00fea\u00f0 lifir samt enn \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li \u00fe\u00f3tt sjaldg\u00e6ft s\u00e9. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2017 segir t.d.: \u201eVitar \u00cdslands standa oftar en ekki \u00e1 afskekktum annesjum e\u00f0a \u00fatskerjum, berskjalda fyrir ve\u00f0ri og vindum, \u00f3var\u00f0ir fyrir \u00e1gangi sj\u00e1var.\u201c \u00deetta er samheiti vi\u00f0 berskjalda\u00f0ur<\/em> sem er algengt og vel \u00feekkt or\u00f0 \u2013 um \u00fea\u00f0 eru yfir fimm \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6mi \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>, \u00fea\u00f0 elsta fr\u00e1 1862. En or\u00f0i\u00f0 kemur einnig fyrir \u00ed Nj\u00e1lu<\/em>: \u201e\u00deess galt eg n\u00fa,\u201c segir Kolur, \u201eer eg var berskjalda\u00f0ur\u201c og st\u00f3\u00f0 nokkura stund \u00e1 hinn f\u00f3tinn og leit \u00e1 st\u00fafinn.\u201c<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 berskjalda\u00f0ur <\/em>l\u00edtur \u00fat eins og l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttur \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ar af s\u00f6gn, sem v\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1 berskjalda<\/em>, en h\u00fan kemur ekki fyrir \u00e1 prenti fyrr en \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld. \u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 hugsanlegt a\u00f0 s\u00f6gnin hafi veri\u00f0 til \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li og lifa\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u00f6ldum saman \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 komast \u00e1 prent. Sl\u00edkt v\u00e6ri ekki einsd\u00e6mi<\/a>. En einnig getur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta ber-<\/em> framan vi\u00f0 l\u00fdsingarh\u00e1ttinn skjalda\u00f0ur<\/em>, af s\u00f6gninni skjalda<\/em> sem var til \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li og merkti 'hl\u00edfa me\u00f0 skildi' \u2013 \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li er einnig til samsetningin al-skjalda\u00f0ur<\/em>. \u00cd s\u00f6gninni berskjalda<\/em> v\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1 um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u201e\u00f6fuga or\u00f0myndun\u201c ef svo m\u00e1 segja, \u00fe.e. s\u00f6gnin v\u00e6ri leidd af l\u00fdsingarh\u00e6ttinum berskjalda\u00f0ur <\/em>en ekki \u00f6fugt eins og yfirleitt er. Sl\u00edk or\u00f0myndun er ekki heldur<\/a> einsd\u00e6mi.<\/p>\n

\u00cd\u00a0\u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abankanum<\/em> er einnig a\u00f0 finna<\/a> or\u00f0i\u00f0 berskj\u00f6ldun<\/em> sem kemur fyrir \u00ed \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0asafni \u00ed l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i og er skilgreint svo: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum sem geta haft ska\u00f0v\u00e6nleg \u00e1hrif, svo sem af miklum hita, kulda, geislun e\u00f0a s\u00f3ttkveikjum.\u201c Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 \u00far T\u00edmariti l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga<\/em> 1955 \u00fear sem segir: \u201e\u00deessi berskj\u00f6ldun v\u00f6rumerkja er e. t. v. s\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed r\u00e9ttarvernd \u00feeirra, sem menn hafa mestan \u00e1huga \u00e1.\u201c Alls eru um 70 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed um mi\u00f0jan t\u00edunda \u00e1ratuginn. Flest \u00feessara d\u00e6ma eru \u00far fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu samhengi og hafa merkinguna sem skilgreind er \u00ed \u00cd\u00f0or\u00f0abankanum<\/em>, en \u00e1 seinustu \u00e1rum vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 nota\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 \u00ed almennari merkingu, 'varnarleysi' e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 sl\u00edkt.<\/p>\n

Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g hef fundi\u00f0 um s\u00f6gnina berskjalda <\/em>er \u00ed Rau\u00f0a f\u00e1nanum<\/em> 1934: \u201eMe\u00f0 kenningunni um hi\u00f0 \u201eSk\u00e1rra af tvennu illu\u201c [\u2026] hafa SUJ-foringjarnir reynt a\u00f0 afvopna verkal\u00fd\u00f0s\u00e6skuna, reynt a\u00f0 berskjalda hana fyrir fasistiskum hungur\u00e1r\u00e1sum au\u00f0valdsins.\u201c \u00cd N\u00fdju dagbla\u00f0i<\/em> 1942 segir: \u201eHvernig er unnt \u00e1 sem skemmstum t\u00edma a\u00f0 berskjalda \u00cdsland fyrir innr\u00e1s \u00fe\u00fdzka hersins?\u201c \u00cd \u00feessum d\u00e6mum merkir berskjalda<\/em> greinilega 'gera varnarlausan' og sama gildir t.d. \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1992: \u201eEy\u00f0ing sk\u00f3ganna berskjaldar jar\u00f0veginn\u201c og \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu<\/em> 2021: \u201elaxinn tekur upp \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed t\u00edma og \u00f3t\u00edma a\u00f0 st\u00f6kkva upp \u00far dj\u00fapinu og berskjalda sig \u00feannig gagnvart vei\u00f0im\u00f6nnum\u201c.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 undanteknum elstu d\u00e6munum er s\u00f6gnin n\u00e6r alltaf notu\u00f0 afturbeyg\u00f0 \u2013 tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 berskjalda sig<\/em>. Merkingin vir\u00f0ist oftast vera 'opna sig, bera tilfinningar s\u00ednar \u00e1 torg' frekar en beinl\u00ednis 'gera sig varnarlausan' \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fearna s\u00e9 vissulega stutt \u00e1 milli og segja megi a\u00f0 opnunin lei\u00f0i til varnarleysis. \u00d6rf\u00e1 d\u00e6mi eru um s\u00f6gnina fr\u00e1 tveimur s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugum 20. aldar og fyrsta \u00e1ratug \u00feessarar, en allm\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi eru fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0asta \u00e1ratug. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 einkum \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu tveimur \u00e1rum sem d\u00e6mum fj\u00f6lgar verulega \u2013 s\u00f6gnin er greinilega b\u00fain a\u00f0 n\u00e1 f\u00f3tfestu me\u00f0al m\u00e1lnotenda. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til annars en fagna \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 m\u00e9r finnst \u00feetta \u00e1g\u00e6t s\u00f6gn og gagnast vel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cdslenskan er lifandi m\u00e1l og n\u00fd or\u00f0 eru alltaf a\u00f0 koma fram og n\u00e1 hylli m\u00e1lnotenda. \u00cd g\u00e6r s\u00e1 \u00e9g s\u00f6gnina berskjalda \u00ed vi\u00f0tali vi\u00f0 Unu Torfad\u00f3ttur t\u00f3nlistarkonu \u00e1 vef R\u00daV \u2013 \u201e\u00c9g hef alltaf lagt mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 upp \u00far \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vanda mig og a\u00f0 vera n\u00e6rg\u00e6tin af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e9r finnst \u00f3tr\u00falega mikilv\u00e6gt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4628"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4635,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4628\/revisions\/4635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}