{"id":4775,"date":"2022-12-19T17:37:37","date_gmt":"2022-12-19T17:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4775"},"modified":"2023-01-26T17:01:43","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T17:01:43","slug":"omurd-og-adrar-urdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/12\/19\/omurd-og-adrar-urdir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6mur\u00f0 \u2013 og a\u00f0rar -ur\u00f0ir"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r s\u00e1 \u00e9g minnst \u00e1 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f6mur\u00f0<\/em> \u00e1 Facebook og nefnt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 fyndist ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. \u00c9g s\u00e9 l\u00edka a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur oftar en einu sinni veri\u00f0 til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed h\u00f3pnum Skemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0 og fengi\u00f0 misjafna d\u00f3ma. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 merkir 'eymd; eitthva\u00f0 \u00f6murlegt, s.s. hlutur e\u00f0a atbur\u00f0ur' og er auglj\u00f3slega mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 hli\u00f0sj\u00f3n af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu \u00f6murlegur<\/em> en fyrri li\u00f0urinn \u00f6mur-<\/em> kemur ekki fyrir sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ur<\/a>. \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2015 segir<\/a> Baldur Hafsta\u00f0: \u201eN\u00fdyr\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f6mur\u00f0<\/em> notar Sigur\u00f0ur P\u00e1lsson \u00ed T\u00e1ningab\u00f3k, m.a. um forsj\u00e1rhyggju l\u00f6ggjafarsamkundunnar sem banna\u00f0i okkur a\u00f0 drekka bj\u00f3r um \u00e1ratugaskei\u00f0. \u00deetta or\u00f0, \u00f6mur\u00f0<\/em>, er \u00feeirrar n\u00e1tt\u00faru a\u00f0 manni finnst \u00fea\u00f0 hafa veri\u00f0 til um aldir.\u201c \u00c9g tek undir \u00fea\u00f0 \u2013 m\u00e9r finnst \u00feetta mj\u00f6g gott or\u00f0.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1ningab\u00f3k <\/em>kom \u00fat 2015, en or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 nokkru eldra. Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed grein eftir \u00c1rna Dan\u00edel J\u00fal\u00edusson \u00ed Vikunni <\/em>1983: \u201eL\u00edtil \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a vir\u00f0ist vera til a\u00f0 \u00f3ttast a\u00f0 n\u00fdbylgjukynsl\u00f3\u00f0in fari s\u00f6mu lei\u00f0 og s\u00fa gamla, \u00fat \u00ed peningaplokker\u00ed og vonleysislega L\u00f3nl\u00ed Bl\u00fa Bojs-\u00f6mur\u00f0.\u201c \u00cd \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1984 segir: \u201eEn mikil \u00f6mur\u00f0 eru h\u00fasakynni Hallarinnar annars, k\u00f6ld og yfir\u00feyrmandi \u00f3a\u00f0la\u00f0andi fyrir upp\u00e1komur sem \u00feessar og a\u00f0ra listavi\u00f0bur\u00f0i yfirleitt.\u201c \u00c1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru t\u00e6p 100 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0, flest fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu tveimur \u00e1ratugum. \u00cd Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>eru um 740 d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0, \u00fear af t\u00e6p 600 af samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed greinilega \u00ed mikilli s\u00f3kn, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed \u00f3formlegu m\u00e1li en einnig \u00ed formlegri m\u00e1lsni\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er mynda me\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeytinu -\u00f0<\/em>, \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt og nokkur \u00f6nnur or\u00f0 \u2013 bitur\u00f0<\/em>, depur\u00f0<\/em>, digur\u00f0<\/em>, fegur\u00f0<\/em>, lipur\u00f0<\/em>, megur\u00f0<\/em>, vekur\u00f0<\/em>. \u00d6ll \u00feessi or\u00f0 eru myndu\u00f0 af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um me\u00f0 stofnl\u00e6gu r<\/em> (\u00fe.e., or\u00f0um \u00fear sem -ur<\/em> er hluti stofns en ekki beygingarending). Vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 var upphaflega -i\u00f0o\u0304<\/em> og \u00fea\u00f0 sk\u00fdrir i<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi\u00f0 a <\/em>> e <\/em>\u00ed fegur\u00f0<\/em> sem er komi\u00f0 af *fagri\u00f0o\u0304<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 megur\u00f0 <\/em>er einnig gamalt og mynda\u00f0 \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt, en hin or\u00f0in vir\u00f0ast flest vera fr\u00e1 18. e\u00f0a 19. \u00f6ld. \u00de\u00f3tt vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 s\u00e9 l\u00f6ngu or\u00f0i\u00f0 einungis -\u00f0<\/em> og innihaldi \u00fev\u00ed ekkert i<\/em> sem valdi hlj\u00f3\u00f0varpi ver\u00f0ur samt hlj\u00f3\u00f0varp \u00ed \u00feessum yngri or\u00f0um \u00fear sem grunnor\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur a<\/em> \u00ed stofni, depur\u00f0<\/em> og vekur\u00f0<\/em>, vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur tengja \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0 or\u00f0myndun me\u00f0 \u00feessu vi\u00f0skeyti.<\/p>\n

En sum or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -ur\u00f0<\/em> eru annars e\u00f0lis. \u00deannig er einur\u00f0 <\/em>leitt af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu einar\u00f0ur<\/em> og \u00fear er -\u00f0<\/em> \u00fev\u00ed ekki vi\u00f0skeyti, heldur eru skilin \u00ed or\u00f0inu milli ein-<\/em> og -ur\u00f0<\/em>. \u00derj\u00fa or\u00f0 fr\u00e1 18. og 19. \u00f6ld eru svo myndu\u00f0 af forsetningu og or\u00f0hlutanum -ur\u00f0<\/em> sem er leiddur af s\u00f6gninni ver\u00f0a<\/em>. \u00deetta eru afur\u00f0<\/em> (\u00fea\u00f0 sem ver\u00f0ur af <\/em>einhverju, '\u00fatkoma, afrakstur, framlei\u00f0sluvara'), tilur\u00f0<\/em> (\u00fea\u00f0 sem ver\u00f0ur til <\/em>\u2013upphaflega l\u00edka nota\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'sta\u00f0reynd') og \u00farur\u00f0 <\/em>(\u00fea\u00f0 sem ver\u00f0ur \u00far <\/em>einhverju). Tv\u00f6 fyrri or\u00f0in eru vitanlega mj\u00f6g \u00feekkt og algeng en \u00farur\u00f0<\/em> n\u00e1\u00f0i aldrei flugi og er alveg horfi\u00f0 \u00far m\u00e1linu. \u00dea\u00f0 kom fyrst fyrir \u00ed \u00c1rmanni \u00e1 Al\u00feingi <\/em>1832 og merkir \u00fear 'margfeldi' en kemur einnig fyrir \u00ed merkingunni 'summa'.<\/p>\n

Svo er \u00fea\u00f0 lj\u00f3ti andarunginn \u2013 hegur\u00f0<\/em>. \u00deetta or\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt 'Sl\u00f6jd' \u00ed \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> en sl\u00f8jd <\/em>er \u00fea\u00f0 sem einu sinni var kalla\u00f0 'handavinna pilta' \u2013 sm\u00ed\u00f0i o.\u00fe.h. \u00cd Fram <\/em>1922 segir t.d.: \u201eSk\u00f3lastj\u00f3rinn kendi hegur\u00f0, Sigur\u00f0ur Bj\u00f6rg\u00f3lfsson teikninguna [\u2026] en fr\u00f6ken Margr\u00e9t J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir hannyr\u00f0ir og sauma.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sagt vera\u201e[r]angmynda\u00f0 n\u00fdyr\u00f0i af lo. hagur<\/em>\u201c og merkja 'hagleikur, listfengi'. \u00de\u00e1 merkingu hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 t.d. \u00ed L\u00f6gr\u00e9ttu<\/em> 1911: \u201eListfengi og hegur\u00f0, sjerstaklega \u00e1 hverskonar sm\u00ed\u00f0i, sauma og vefna\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 eitt af einkennum \u00cdslendinga alt fram \u00e1 \u00feennan dag.\u201c G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson hefur eftir<\/a> Steind\u00f3ri Steind\u00f3rssyni a\u00f0 Stef\u00e1n Stef\u00e1nsson sk\u00f3lameistari hafi b\u00fai\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 til e\u00f0a a.m.k. teki\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 upp.<\/p>\n

\u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 er au\u00f0sj\u00e1anlega mynda\u00f0 \u00ed misskildri samsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 fegur\u00f0<\/em>, en \u00feess ekki g\u00e6tt, a\u00f0 r<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed \u201efegur\u00f0\u201c (fegr-\u00f0) heyrir meginhluta or\u00f0sins til, en r<\/em>-i\u00f0 \u00ed hag-r<\/em> er beygingarending\u201c segir<\/a> J\u00f3n \u00d3lafsson \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk<\/em> 1913 (og b\u00e6tir vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u201emynda\u00f0 af J\u00f3nasi \u201ea\u00f0alh\u00f6fundi\u201c\u201c, v\u00e6ntanlega J\u00f3nas J\u00f3nasson). \u00dear sem vi\u00f0skeyti b\u00e6tast vi\u00f0 stofn ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 -ur\u00f0 <\/em>\u00ed heg-ur\u00f0 <\/em>sem vi\u00f0skeyti, ekki bara -\u00f0<\/em> eins og \u00ed fegur-\u00f0<\/em> og \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um myndu\u00f0um af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um me\u00f0 stofnl\u00e6gu -ur<\/em>. \u00cd ritd\u00f3mi um \u00cdslensk-danska or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> \u00ed Sk\u00edrni<\/em><\/span> 1925 benti<\/a> J\u00f3hannes L.L. J\u00f3hannsson \u00e1 a\u00f0 r\u00e9tt mynda\u00f0 nafnor\u00f0 af hagur<\/em><\/span> v\u00e6ri heg\u00f0<\/em><\/span> \u2013 \u00fear v\u00e6ri sem s\u00e9 vi\u00f0skeytinu -\u00f0<\/em><\/span> b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 stofninn eins og \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um. D\u00e6mi<\/a> eru um a\u00f0 \u00feetta or\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 -ur\u00f0<\/em> er sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ur or\u00f0hluti \u00ed sumum or\u00f0um (ein-ur\u00f0<\/em>, af-ur\u00f0<\/em>, til-ur\u00f0<\/em>, \u00far-ur\u00f0<\/em>) er samt ekkert undarlegt a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur skynji \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0skeyti \u00ed or\u00f0um eins og feg-ur\u00f0 <\/em>\u00fe\u00f3tt s\u00fa skipting s\u00e9 ekki \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 uppruna or\u00f0sins. En \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega megi halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 myndun or\u00f0sins hegur\u00f0 <\/em>s\u00e9 bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 misskilningi finnst m\u00e9r ekki sj\u00e1lfgefi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 lei\u00f0i til \u00feess a\u00f0 or\u00f0inu s\u00e9 hafna\u00f0. Form vi\u00f0skeyta breytist og n\u00fd ver\u00f0a til \u2013 vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 -\u00f0<\/em> var\u00f0 til \u00far -i\u00f0o\u0304<\/em> eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. \u00dea\u00f0 er hugsanlegt a\u00f0 l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 til s\u00e9 or\u00f0i\u00f0 vi\u00f0skeyti\u00f0 -ur\u00f0<\/em> og \u00fea\u00f0 megi nota \u00ed n\u00fdmyndun or\u00f0a, eins og hegur\u00f0<\/em>. En l\u00edklega er b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 ganga endanlega fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed or\u00f0i og \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3\u00fearfi a\u00f0 velta \u00feessu fyrir s\u00e9r \u2013 yngsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um hegur\u00f0 <\/em>er fr\u00e1 1992.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum m\u00e1 nefna or\u00f0i\u00f0 j\u00fagur\u00f0<\/em> yfir j\u00f3g\u00fart<\/em> sem kom fram \u00e1 sj\u00f3narsvi\u00f0i\u00f0 1972. \u00deetta er \u00f3skylt \u00f6\u00f0rum -ur\u00f0<\/em>-or\u00f0um heldur er upphaflega hlj\u00f3\u00f0l\u00edking eins og G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson benti \u00e1<\/a> \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1981 og \u201ehefur \u00feann kost, a\u00f0 l\u00edkjast mj\u00f6g upphaflega or\u00f0inu, falla a\u00f0 \u00edslenzku beygingarkerfi kvenkynsor\u00f0a og hafa auk \u00feess \u00ed s\u00e9r f\u00f3lgna hluta tveggja \u00edslenzkra or\u00f0a, sem koma vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu, \u00fe.e. j\u00fagurs og afur\u00f0a\u201c segir<\/a> \u00ed T\u00edmanum<\/em> 1972. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 var svol\u00edti\u00f0 nota\u00f0 n\u00e6stu \u00e1r en n\u00e1\u00f0i aldrei hylli og vir\u00f0ist ekki hafa veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 eftir 1980 nema \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um or\u00f0i\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft sem oftast var neikv\u00e6\u00f0. Pistlah\u00f6fundi \u00ed DV <\/em>1999 fannst<\/a> \u201ej\u00fagur\u00f0 l\u00edtt ge\u00f0sleg sem mj\u00f3lkurafur\u00f0\u201c og sama \u00e1r var or\u00f0i\u00f0 tali\u00f0<\/a> me\u00f0al 10 verstu n\u00fdyr\u00f0a 20. aldarinnar \u00ed sama bla\u00f0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r s\u00e1 \u00e9g minnst \u00e1 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f6mur\u00f0 \u00e1 Facebook og nefnt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 fyndist ekki \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum. \u00c9g s\u00e9 l\u00edka a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur oftar en einu sinni veri\u00f0 til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed h\u00f3pnum Skemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0 og fengi\u00f0 misjafna d\u00f3ma. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 merkir 'eymd; eitthva\u00f0 \u00f6murlegt, s.s. hlutur e\u00f0a atbur\u00f0ur' og er auglj\u00f3slega mynda\u00f0 me\u00f0 hli\u00f0sj\u00f3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4775"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4775\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4838,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4775\/revisions\/4838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}