{"id":4799,"date":"2022-12-30T21:53:09","date_gmt":"2022-12-30T21:53:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4799"},"modified":"2024-09-01T20:45:50","modified_gmt":"2024-09-01T20:45:50","slug":"klarlega","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2022\/12\/30\/klarlega\/","title":{"rendered":"kl\u00e1rlega"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega s\u00e1 \u00e9g amast vi\u00f0 atviksor\u00f0inu kl\u00e1rlega <\/em>\u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum og ekki \u00ed fyrsta skipti \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 var sagt \u201etv\u00edm\u00e6lalaust eitt af lei\u00f0inlegri or\u00f0um \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmanum\u201c. M\u00e9r s\u00fdnist \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00e1 milli 15 og 20 f\u00e6rslur \u00ed h\u00f3punum M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e1tturinn og Skemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0 sn\u00faist a\u00f0 mestu um \u00feetta or\u00f0, \u00e6vinlega til a\u00f0 kvarta undan (of)notkun \u00feess, og i\u00f0ulega spinnst af \u00feessu langur \u00fer\u00e1\u00f0ur \u00fear sem flestir \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda eru \u00e1 einu m\u00e1li um a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00e9 \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt or\u00f0. En hva\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 kl\u00e1rlega <\/em>sem fer svona \u00ed taugarnar \u00e1 f\u00f3lki? \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki eins og or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 n\u00fdtt \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 kemur t.d. fyrir \u00ed N\u00fdja testamenti<\/em> Odds Gottsk\u00e1lkssonar fr\u00e1 1540: \u201ehann var svo lagf\u00e6r\u00f0ur a\u00f0 hann s\u00e1 allt kl\u00e1rlega.\u201c Fleiri d\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 svipu\u00f0um t\u00edma eru um or\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta var samt lengi sjaldg\u00e6ft or\u00f0. \u00c1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru a\u00f0eins 11 d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 fram til 1930. Eftir \u00fea\u00f0 fj\u00f6lgar d\u00e6mum svol\u00edti\u00f0 og 122 b\u00e6tast vi\u00f0 fram til 1987. En \u00fe\u00e1 t\u00f3k or\u00f0i\u00f0 st\u00f6kk og d\u00e6mum fj\u00f6lgar t\u00f6luvert fram a\u00f0 aldam\u00f3tum en \u00fe\u00f3 einkum eftir aldam\u00f3t. \u00c1rin 1990-1999 eru d\u00e6min um 500, en t\u00edu sinnum fleiri, r\u00fam fimm \u00fe\u00fasund, \u00e1rin 2000-2010. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00fev\u00ed kannski ekki fur\u00f0a a\u00f0 sumum ofby\u00f0i, eins og \u00feeim sem skrifa\u00f0i<\/a> \u00ed athugasemd \u00e1 bloggs\u00ed\u00f0u Ei\u00f0s Gu\u00f0nasonar \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010: \u201eMig langar a\u00f0 f\u00e1 \u00e1lit \u00feitt Ei\u00f0ur \u00e1 or\u00f0inu ,,kl\u00e1rlega\u201c sem er (of?) miki\u00f0 nota\u00f0 af knattspyrnu\u00fej\u00e1lfurum og \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3tta\u00feulum.\u201c Ei\u00f0ur svara\u00f0i: \u201e\u00c9g geri ekki athugasemd vi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 kl\u00e1rlega= hreinlega. Hinsvegar er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 jaska \u00f6llum or\u00f0um me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ofnota \u00feau.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00e1rsbyrjun 2013 m\u00e1tti hins vegar lesa<\/a> \u00e1 bloggs\u00ed\u00f0u Ei\u00f0s: \u201eKl\u00e1rlega er t\u00edskuor\u00f0 sem sennilega hverfur a\u00f0 mestu \u00e1\u00f0ur en langt um l\u00ed\u00f0ur.\u201c \u00cd sj\u00f3nvarps\u00fe\u00e6ttinum Or\u00f0brag\u00f0 <\/em>sem s\u00fdndur var s\u00ed\u00f0la sama \u00e1rs var henti Bragi Valdimar Sk\u00falason einu \u201e\u00fatj\u00f6sku\u00f0u\u201c or\u00f0i \u00ed hverjum \u00fe\u00e6tti og \u00ed einum \u00fe\u00e6ttinum<\/a> var \u00fea\u00f0 einmitt kl\u00e1rlega<\/em> sem hlaut \u00feau \u00f6rl\u00f6g. Bragi sag\u00f0i<\/a>: \u201eKl\u00e1rlega<\/em> er kl\u00e1rlega ofnota\u00f0 or\u00f0. \u00deetta er svona einhvers konar poppstj\u00f6rnuatviksor\u00f0 sem hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 a\u00f0 smokra s\u00e9r inn \u00ed m\u00e1li\u00f0 og taka fram \u00far or\u00f0um eins og einmitt<\/em>, au\u00f0vita\u00f0<\/em>, a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u<\/em>, og jafnvel hinu g\u00f3\u00f0a og gilda \u00edslenska \u00f3kei<\/em> sem er kl\u00e1rlega sl\u00e6mt. Kl\u00e1rlega<\/em> er ofnota\u00f0 or\u00f0. Og vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum kl\u00e1rlega a\u00f0 losa okkur vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0.\u201c A\u00f0 svo m\u00e6ltu setti hann bla\u00f0 me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu \u00e1 \u00ed papp\u00edrst\u00e6tara.<\/p>\n

En ekki er alltaf h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 setja eitthvert \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem Bragi nefndi \u00ed sta\u00f0 kl\u00e1rlega<\/em>. \u00cd d\u00e6minu \u00far N\u00fdja testamentinu<\/em> sem vitna\u00f0 var til h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan merkti or\u00f0i\u00f0 'greinilega' og \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 hafa \u00ed \u00f6llum d\u00e6mum vel fram \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld. Um mi\u00f0ja \u00f6ldina fara \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st d\u00e6mi \u00fear sem merkingin er eil\u00edti\u00f0 \u00f6nnur, eins og \u00ed Samvinnunni <\/em>1945: \u201eA\u00f0 \u00feetta skuli ekki kl\u00e1rlega steindrepa \u00fe\u00e1.\u201c Anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi er \u00far \u00cdslendingi <\/em>1956: \u201e\u00deegar Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ismenn benda \u00e1 einhver m\u00e1l, sem \u00feeir hafa gengist fyrir \u00e1 Al\u00feingi, nefna Frams\u00f3knarbl\u00f6\u00f0in \u00fea\u00f0 \u201egrobb\u201c ef ekki kl\u00e1rlega \u00f3sannindi.\u201c H\u00e9r merkir kl\u00e1rlega <\/em>frekar 'hreinlega' eins og Ei\u00f0ur nefndi. En kringum 1970 fara a\u00f0 koma fram d\u00e6mi sem s\u00fdna d\u00e6miger\u00f0a notkun or\u00f0sins \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1968 segir um Gretu Garbo: \u201eH\u00fan mun kl\u00e1rlega halda s\u00ednu sj\u00f6unda innsigli.\u201c \u00cd minningargrein \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1970 segir: \u201eM\u00e1lalengingar og \u00feref um hluti, sem l\u00e1gu lj\u00f3sir fyrir, \u00e1ttu kl\u00e1rlega ekki vi\u00f0 hann.\u201c \u00cd \u00feessum d\u00e6mum g\u00e6ti merkingin veri\u00f0 'greinilega' ef um \u00e1lyktun h\u00f6fundar v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. Samhengi\u00f0 s\u00fdnir hins vegar a\u00f0 \u00feetta er ekki \u00e1lyktun heldur sta\u00f0h\u00e6fing \u2013 h\u00f6fundur veit \u00feetta. Merkingin er \u00fev\u00ed fremur 'sannarlega, tv\u00edm\u00e6lalaust'. \u00cd s\u00f6gu eftir Gu\u00f0mund G. Hagal\u00edn \u00ed Vikunni<\/em> 1971 segir: \u201enei, \u00e9g tek kl\u00e1rlega enga \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 blikusvuntan \u00fearna \u00ed nor\u00f0rinu kunni ekki a\u00f0 hrista \u00far s\u00e9r br\u00e1\u00f0um einhvern \u00f3s\u00f3ma.\u201c \u00deetta er fyrstu pers\u00f3nu fr\u00e1s\u00f6gn og \u00fev\u00ed lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingu, ekki \u00e1lyktun.<\/p>\n

Eftir a\u00f0 notkun or\u00f0sins f\u00f3r a\u00f0 aukast vir\u00f0ist merkingin langoftast vera 'sannarlega, tv\u00edm\u00e6lalaust' e\u00f0a '\u00f6rugglega'. Vissulega g\u00e6ti eldri merkingin 'greinilega' l\u00edka stundum \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 lesanda e\u00f0a \u00e1heyranda er ekki alltaf lj\u00f3st hvort um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1lyktun e\u00f0a sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingu. \u00deannig er t.d. me\u00f0 d\u00e6mi \u00far DV<\/em> 2021: \u201eS\u00edmanotkun fyrir svefn hefur kl\u00e1rlega \u00e1hrif. \u00dea\u00f0 er b\u00e6\u00f0i birtan fr\u00e1 skj\u00e1num og svo bara \u00e1reiti\u00f0 sem \u00e9g held a\u00f0 s\u00e9 enn \u00fe\u00e1 mikilv\u00e6gara.\u201c Er \u00feetta ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 einhverjum athugunum e\u00f0a ranns\u00f3knum, e\u00f0a er \u00feetta sta\u00f0h\u00e6fing? \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a af \u00feessu d\u00e6mi \u00fe\u00f3tt st\u00e6rra samhengi s\u00fdni \u00fea\u00f0 kannski. En svo skiptir \u00fea\u00f0 sennilega engu m\u00e1li fyrir skilning \u00e1 setningunni.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g nota or\u00f0i\u00f0 kl\u00e1rlega <\/em>miki\u00f0 og \u00e1tta mig ekki \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvers vegna svona m\u00f6rgum er \u00ed n\u00f6p vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu og \u00fe\u00f3tt merkingin hafi breyst svol\u00edti\u00f0 er komin a.m.k. 50 \u00e1ra hef\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 notkun \u00feess sem n\u00fa er algengust. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur ekki heldur s\u00e9\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma or\u00f0um eins og tv\u00edm\u00e6lalaust<\/em>, sannarlega<\/em>, \u00f6rugglega<\/em>, einmitt<\/em>, au\u00f0vita\u00f0<\/em> og a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u<\/em> sem flest eru mun algengari. \u00de\u00f3tt or\u00f0inu hafi veri\u00f0 farga\u00f0 \u00ed Or\u00f0brag\u00f0i<\/em> fyrir n\u00edu \u00e1rum lifir \u00fea\u00f0 enn g\u00f3\u00f0u l\u00edfi \u2013 en reyndar er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 nefna a\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1 toppnum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2013 og heldur vera \u00e1 ni\u00f0urlei\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00fe\u00f3tt ekki muni miklu \u00feannig a\u00f0 e.t.v. hefur Or\u00f0brag\u00f0<\/em> haft einhver \u00e1hrif. En \u00e9g \u00e6tla allavega a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00fdlega s\u00e1 \u00e9g amast vi\u00f0 atviksor\u00f0inu kl\u00e1rlega \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum og ekki \u00ed fyrsta skipti \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 var sagt \u201etv\u00edm\u00e6lalaust eitt af lei\u00f0inlegri or\u00f0um \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmanum\u201c. M\u00e9r s\u00fdnist \u00ed flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00e1 milli 15 og 20 f\u00e6rslur \u00ed h\u00f3punum M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e1tturinn og Skemmtileg \u00edslensk or\u00f0 sn\u00faist a\u00f0 mestu um \u00feetta or\u00f0, \u00e6vinlega til a\u00f0 kvarta undan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4799","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4799"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4799\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6772,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4799\/revisions\/6772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}