{"id":4824,"date":"2023-01-17T18:58:04","date_gmt":"2023-01-17T18:58:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4824"},"modified":"2023-01-17T20:03:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-17T20:03:31","slug":"engu-var-til-sparad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/01\/17\/engu-var-til-sparad\/","title":{"rendered":"Engu var til spara\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em> segir<\/a>: \u201eR\u00e9tt er a\u00f0 segja \u00fea\u00f0 var ekkert til spara\u00f0<\/strong>.\u201c \u00deetta er oft \u00e1r\u00e9tta\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1lfarspistlum, t.d. hj\u00e1 G\u00edsla J\u00f3nssyni \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>\u00e1ri\u00f0 2000<\/a> og J\u00f3ni G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nssyni \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>b\u00e6\u00f0i 2005<\/a> og 2007<\/a>, og einnig \u00ed pistli<\/a> J\u00f3ns sem birtur er \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em>. \u00dear segir a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 komi fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, en afbrig\u00f0i\u00f0 spara engu til<\/em> s\u00e9 kunnugt fr\u00e1 seinni hluta 19. aldar. Elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed T\u00edmariti Hins \u00edslenzka b\u00f3kmentaf\u00e9lags <\/em>1881: \u201e\u00fe\u00e1 var \u00fear 1852 fyrst \u00ed \u00f6llum l\u00f6ndum stofna\u00f0 reglulegt fiskiklak \u00ed Huningen \u00e1 kostna\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarinnar og engu til spara\u00f0.\u201c Anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi er \u00far Reykv\u00edkingi<\/em> 1891: \u201eallt sem h\u00e9r er stofna\u00f0, byrjar me\u00f0 \u00e1kaflegu fj\u00f6ri og \u00e1huga, engu tilspara\u00f0 og allt er \u00ed uppn\u00e1mi.\u201c<\/p>\n

Nokkur or\u00f0ara\u00f0artilbrig\u00f0i koma fyrir af \u00feessu sambandi \u2013 ekkert<\/em>\/engu til spara<\/em>, ekkert<\/em>\/engu spara til<\/em> og spara ekkert<\/em>\/engu til<\/em>. D\u00e6mi um \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 engu<\/em> \u00ed \u00feessum samb\u00f6ndum \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru \u00e1 n\u00edunda hundra\u00f0 og spanna allt t\u00edmabili\u00f0 fr\u00e1 1881 en hefur sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt fari\u00f0 fj\u00f6lgandi, einkum \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugum. D\u00e6min um \u00feolfalli\u00f0 ekkert <\/em>\u00ed s\u00f6mu samb\u00f6ndum eru \u00fe\u00f3 meira en \u00e1tta sinnum fleiri. \u00cd samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lahluta Risam\u00e1lheildarinnar <\/em>eru hins vegar \u00e1l\u00edka m\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi um \u00feolfall og \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed \u00feessum samb\u00f6ndum \u2013 93 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti 87. \u00dear sem m\u00e1lfar samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0la endurspeglar \u00fe\u00e6r hr\u00e6ringar sem eru \u00ed gangi \u00ed m\u00e1linu er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 er \u00ed s\u00f3kn. Or\u00f0in f\u00e1tt<\/em>\/f\u00e1u<\/em> og l\u00edti\u00f0<\/em>\/litlu<\/em> koma einnig fyrir \u00ed \u00feessum samb\u00f6ndum og \u00fear er tilhneigingin s\u00fa sama.<\/p>\n

J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson segir<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00ed notkun \u00fe\u00e1gufalls \u00ed \u00feessum samb\u00f6ndum muni \u201eg\u00e6ta \u00e1hrifa fr\u00e1 or\u00f0asambandinu kosta e-u\/\u00f6llu\/miklu til (e-s)<\/em>\u201c sem \u201emerkir 'rei\u00f0a e-\u00f0\/allt fram sem grei\u00f0slu (fyrir e-\u00f0), leggja e-\u00f0\/allt \u00ed kostna\u00f0; vilja e-\u00f0\/allt til vinna; leggja sig allan fram'\u201c og er a.m.k. s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 16. \u00f6ld. \u00cd \u00feessu sambandi st\u00fdrir s\u00f6gnin kosta<\/em> sem s\u00e9 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan taki annars<\/a> me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00feolfall hvort sem h\u00fan merkir 'seljast \u00e1 tilteknu ver\u00f0i' (kosta mikla peninga<\/em>) e\u00f0a 'grei\u00f0a kostna\u00f0 af (e-u), standa straum af (e-u)' (kosta n\u00fdja \u00f3peruh\u00fasi\u00f0<\/em>). En sama gildir um s\u00f6gnina spara<\/em>. \u00de\u00f3tt h\u00fan taki n\u00fa oft me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed afbrig\u00f0um af spara engu til <\/em>hefur \u00fea\u00f0 ekki \u00e1hrif \u00e1 fallstj\u00f3rn hennar a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti \u2013 aldrei er sagt *spara peningum<\/em> e\u00f0a *spara kostna\u00f0i<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed ekki betur s\u00e9\u00f0 en samb\u00f6ndin kosta einhverju til<\/em> og spara engu til<\/em> s\u00e9u alveg hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0 \u2013 s\u00f6gn sem annars st\u00fdrir \u00feolfalli tekur me\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1gufall \u00ed sambandi vi\u00f0 forsetninguna til<\/em>. Eini munurinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 er nokkrum \u00f6ldum eldra me\u00f0 kosta<\/em> en me\u00f0 spara<\/em>. \u201e\u00deessi m\u00e1lnotkun er ekki \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 m\u00e1lvenju\u201c segir<\/a> J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson um spara engu til<\/em> \u00ed pistli fr\u00e1 2017. En \u00ed lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9r 140 \u00e1ra \u00f3slitna s\u00f6gu \u00ed \u00feessu sambandi og t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00feess \u00ed ritm\u00e1li hefur aukist mj\u00f6g \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum, og vir\u00f0ist jafnvel slaga upp \u00ed t\u00ed\u00f0ni \u00feolfallsins \u00ed \u00f3formlegu m\u00e1li, finnst m\u00e9r ekkert anna\u00f0 koma til greina en vi\u00f0urkenna \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 sem m\u00e1lvenju \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li \u2013 og \u00fear me\u00f0 sem r\u00e9tt m\u00e1l<\/strong> samkv\u00e6mt vi\u00f0urkenndri skilgreiningu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem er forvitnilegast \u00ed \u00feessu m\u00e1li er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki hva\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 teljast \u201er\u00e9tt m\u00e1l\u201c, heldur \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feessar breytingar \u2013 hvers vegna \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 s\u00e6ki \u00e1 \u00ed \u00feessum tilteknu samb\u00f6ndum \u00e1 kostna\u00f0 \u00feolfalls. Fleiri hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0 samb\u00f6nd me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli eru til, svo sem tjalda \u00f6llu til<\/em>, verja fj\u00e1rmunum til<\/em> o.fl. Einnig er sterk tilhneiging til \u00feess a\u00f0 hafa \u00fe\u00e1gufall me\u00f0 s\u00f6gninni veita<\/em> \u00ed samb\u00f6ndum eins og veita fj\u00e1rmunum til<\/em> \u00fe\u00f3tt M\u00e1lfarsbankinn<\/em> m\u00e6li me\u00f0<\/a> \u00feolfalli \u2013 veita fj\u00e1rmuni til<\/em>. \u201e\u00cd d\u00e6mum sem \u00feessum er notkun \u00fef. eldri og upprunalegri\u201c segir<\/a> J\u00f3n G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nsson og segir \u00feessa breytingu mega rekja til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu voru fyrir d\u00e6mi eins og\u00a0veita vatni<\/em>\u201c\u00a0<\/em>og einnig kunni \u201ea\u00f0 g\u00e6ta \u00e1hrifa fr\u00e1 s\u00f6gninni\u00a0verja\u00a0<\/em>(verja e-u \u00ed e-\u00f0\/til e-s<\/em>)\u201c.<\/p>\n

En \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufall komi inn \u00ed einst\u00f6k samb\u00f6nd fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum tilteknum samb\u00f6ndum \u2013 spara engu til<\/em> komi til vi\u00f0 \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 kosta einhverju til<\/em>, veita fj\u00e1rmunum til<\/em> komi til vi\u00f0 \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 verja fj\u00e1rmunum til<\/em> \u2013 er kannski r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 \u00feetta \u00ed v\u00ed\u00f0ara samhengi. \u00dea\u00f0 er vel hugsanlegt a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur greini \u2013 au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u2013 \u00fdmis samb\u00f6nd af \u00feessu tagi og tengi \u00e1kve\u00f0na merkingu vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim. \u00deeir rekist s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 \u00f6nnur samb\u00f6nd sem \u00feeim finnst hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0 og yfirf\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1gufalli\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feau. \u00de\u00e1 er sem s\u00e9 ekki um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 einu sambandi \u00e1 anna\u00f0, heldur alh\u00e6fingu \u00e1 fallnotkun \u00ed samb\u00f6ndum af \u00e1kve\u00f0nu tagi. En fyrir venjulega m\u00e1lnotendur skiptir svo sem engu hvor sk\u00fdringin er r\u00e9ttari.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum segir: \u201eR\u00e9tt er a\u00f0 segja \u00fea\u00f0 var ekkert til spara\u00f0.\u201c \u00deetta er oft \u00e1r\u00e9tta\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1lfarspistlum, t.d. hj\u00e1 G\u00edsla J\u00f3nssyni \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu \u00e1ri\u00f0 2000 og J\u00f3ni G. Fri\u00f0j\u00f3nssyni \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu b\u00e6\u00f0i 2005 og 2007, og einnig \u00ed pistli J\u00f3ns sem birtur er \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum. \u00dear segir a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 komi fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4824"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4826,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4824\/revisions\/4826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}