{"id":4898,"date":"2023-02-27T14:50:01","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T14:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4898"},"modified":"2023-02-27T15:00:23","modified_gmt":"2023-02-27T15:00:23","slug":"geta-risaedlur-verid-litlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/02\/27\/geta-risaedlur-verid-litlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Geta risae\u00f0lur veri\u00f0 litlar?"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00e9r hefur stundum veri\u00f0 r\u00e6tt<\/a> um merkingu samsettra or\u00f0a \u2013 hvort og a\u00f0 hva\u00f0a marki vi\u00f0 t\u00falkum \u00feau b\u00f3kstaflega \u00fat fr\u00e1 merkingu samsetningarli\u00f0anna. Gott d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta eru samsetningar me\u00f0 risa-<\/em> sem fyrri li\u00f0. \u00dear er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 risi <\/em>sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> '\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnavera sem l\u00edkist gr\u00ed\u00f0arst\u00f3rum manni, j\u00f6tunn' og 'mj\u00f6g h\u00e1vaxinn ma\u00f0ur' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>, en getur l\u00edka veri\u00f0 'e-\u00f0 mj\u00f6g st\u00f3rt' eins og segir \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. \u00deessi merking kemur fram \u00ed l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0um eins og risast\u00f3r <\/em>og risavaxinn <\/em>og fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum nafnor\u00f0um eins og risafura<\/em>, risafyrirt\u00e6ki<\/em>, risalaun<\/em>, risam\u00f3t<\/em>, risar\u00e6kja<\/em>, risaskj\u00e1r<\/em>, risasvig<\/em>, risatitill<\/em>, risaveldi<\/em>, risa\u00feota<\/em> og fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum fleiri \u2013 \u00feetta er mj\u00f6g frj\u00f3 or\u00f0myndun.<\/p>\n

En algengasta or\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessum fyrri li\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 l\u00edklega risae\u00f0la<\/em> sem vir\u00f0ist vera u.\u00fe.b. hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra gamalt \u2013 elsta d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed greininni<\/a> \u201eMyndun \u00cdslands og \u00e6vi\u201c eftir Gu\u00f0mund G. B\u00e1r\u00f0arson \u00ed I\u00f0unni<\/em> 1918 \u00fear sem d\u00fdral\u00edfi \u00e1 mi\u00f0l\u00edfs\u00f6ld er l\u00fdst: \u201eN\u00fa eru fj\u00f6lmargar skri\u00f0d\u00fdrategundir komnar fram \u00e1 sj\u00f3narsvi\u00f0i\u00f0; hefir s\u00e1 d\u00fdraflokkur hvorki fyr e\u00f0a s\u00ed\u00f0ar sta\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed jafnmiklum bl\u00f3ma; \u00fe\u00e1 voru uppi fiske\u00f0lur (Ichthyosaurus), svane\u00f0lur (Plesiosaurus), fluge\u00f0lur (Pterodactylus), risae\u00f0lur (Dinosaurus) o.fl. af \u00feeim d\u00fdraflokki. D\u00fdr \u00feessi voru sum geisi-st\u00f3r (hvale\u00f0lan 12 m. l\u00f6ng) og m\u00f6rg f\u00e1r\u00e1nleg a\u00f0 \u00fatliti og \u00e1rum l\u00edkust.\u201c \u00dearna er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 heiti\u00f0 risae\u00f0la<\/em> er bara nota\u00f0 um einn margra flokka e\u00f0a \u00e6ttb\u00e1lka af fors\u00f6gulegum e\u00f0lum.<\/p>\n

\u00cd almennu m\u00e1li hefur \u00fer\u00f3unin \u00fe\u00f3 or\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 risae\u00f0la<\/em> er i\u00f0ulega nota\u00f0 sem samheiti yfir allar tegundir fors\u00f6gulegra e\u00f0la, st\u00f3rar og sm\u00e1ar. \u00dear af lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu eru stundum notu\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 sem ekki samr\u00e6mast endilega merkingu fyrri li\u00f0arins, risa-<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist hafa hafist me\u00f0 kvikmyndinni \u201eThe Land before Time\u201c eftir Steven Spielberg sem \u201esegir fr\u00e1 l\u00edtilli risae\u00f0lu sem str\u00fdkur fr\u00e1 heimkynnum s\u00ednum\u201c. Myndin var frums\u00fdnd \u00e1 \u00cdslandi fyrir j\u00f3lin 1989 og var \u00fe\u00e1 k\u00f6llu\u00f0 \u201eFyrstu fer\u00f0alangarnir\u201c en \u00feegar h\u00fan var s\u00fdnd \u00ed sj\u00f3nvarpi tveimur \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar f\u00e9kk h\u00fan heiti\u00f0 \u201eLitla risae\u00f0lan\u201c. S\u00ed\u00f0an hafa veri\u00f0 s\u00fdndar fj\u00f6lmargar barnamyndir um \u201elitlar risae\u00f0lur\u201c \u00feannig a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur hafa vanist \u00feessu or\u00f0asambandi og \u00fea\u00f0 er algengt \u00ed m\u00e1linu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nnur l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 svipa\u00f0rar merkingar og l\u00edtill<\/em> koma einnig fyrir me\u00f0 risae\u00f0lu<\/em> \u2013 b\u00e6\u00f0i sm\u00e1vaxin risae\u00f0la<\/em> og dvergvaxin risae\u00f0la<\/em> koma fyrir \u00e1 prenti, og einnig samsetningin dvergrisae\u00f0la<\/em>. \u00dear vi\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 andst\u00e6\u00f0rar merkingar koma einnig fyrir \u2013 st\u00f3r risae\u00f0la<\/em>, risast\u00f3r risae\u00f0la<\/em>, risavaxin risae\u00f0la<\/em>, tr\u00f6llvaxin risae\u00f0la<\/em>. \u00dearna m\u00e6tti b\u00faast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fyrri li\u00f0urinn risa- <\/em>ger\u00f0i \u00feessi l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 \u00f3\u00fe\u00f6rf. En notkun l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0a sem v\u00edsa til st\u00e6r\u00f0ar me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu risae\u00f0la<\/em> s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendur skynja or\u00f0i\u00f0 i\u00f0ulega sem heild \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 horfa \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00feeirri merkingu sem fyrri li\u00f0urinn hefur einn og s\u00e9r. \u00dea\u00f0 er fullkomlega e\u00f0lilegt, og einmitt \u00fea\u00f0 sem b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 og gerist mj\u00f6g oft \u00feegar or\u00f0 hafa veri\u00f0 lengi \u00ed m\u00e1linu og eru algeng.<\/p>\n

\u00dearna kemur vel fram hvernig hi\u00f0 margr\u00f3ma\u00f0a gagns\u00e6i \u00edslenskunnar getur b\u00e6\u00f0i gagnast okkur til a\u00f0 skilja or\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum ekki, en einnig fl\u00e6kst fyrir okkur \u00feegar merking or\u00f0a hnikast til. Ef vi\u00f0 heyrum e\u00f0a sj\u00e1um \u00f3kunnugt or\u00f0 me\u00f0 fyrri li\u00f0inn risa-<\/em> vitum vi\u00f0 strax a\u00f0 um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0 mj\u00f6g st\u00f3rt. En s\u00fa tenging getur l\u00edka trufla\u00f0 sum okkar \u00ed or\u00f0um sem hafa \u00f6\u00f0last fastan sess \u00ed m\u00e1linu eins og risae\u00f0la<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 veldur engum vandkv\u00e6\u00f0um a\u00f0 tala um small dinosaur<\/em> \u00ed ensku e\u00f0a lille dinosaur <\/em>\u00ed d\u00f6nsku vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 dinosaur<\/em> er ekki gagns\u00e6tt \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1lum \u00e1 sama h\u00e1tt og risae\u00f0la <\/em>\u00ed \u00edslensku \u2013 dino-<\/em> hefur ekki s\u00e9rst\u00f6k tengsl vi\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00ed huga f\u00f3lks (er leitt af<\/a> deinos<\/em> (\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2) 'hr\u00e6\u00f0ilegur' \u00ed gr\u00edsku en venjulegir m\u00e1lnotendur vita\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 t\u00e6past).<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r eigum vi\u00f0 tvo kosti. Vi\u00f0 getum horft fram hj\u00e1 merkingu einstakra or\u00f0hluta og liti\u00f0 \u00e1 or\u00f0i\u00f0 risae\u00f0la <\/em>sem heild, sem merki 'skri\u00f0d\u00fdr af \u00f3tiltekinni tegund sem uppi var \u00e1 mi\u00f0l\u00edfs\u00f6ld og er n\u00fa aldau\u00f0a'. Ef vi\u00f0 gerum \u00feetta er e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 nota hvers kyns l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 sem v\u00edsa til st\u00e6r\u00f0ar me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu. En vi\u00f0 getum l\u00edka sagt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00f3t\u00e6kt a\u00f0 nota risae\u00f0la<\/em> \u00ed svona v\u00ed\u00f0ri merkingu \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00edsi eing\u00f6ngu til \u00e1kve\u00f0inna st\u00f3rvaxinna \u00e6ttb\u00e1lka eins og fyrri li\u00f0urinn s\u00fdni gl\u00f6ggt. \u00deetta ver\u00f0ur f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 gera upp vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft sig, en almennt s\u00e9\u00f0 held \u00e9g a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00f3heppilegt a\u00f0 hr\u00f3fla vi\u00f0 or\u00f0um sem hafa unni\u00f0 s\u00e9r hef\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00e1linu jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt okkur finnist \u00feau ekki notu\u00f0 \u00e1 \u201er\u00f6kr\u00e9ttan\u201c h\u00e1tt. \u00d6\u00f0ru m\u00e1li gegnir um or\u00f0 sem l\u00fdsa vi\u00f0horfum e\u00f0a gildismati og geta fali\u00f0 \u00ed s\u00e9r ford\u00f3ma.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e9r hefur stundum veri\u00f0 r\u00e6tt um merkingu samsettra or\u00f0a \u2013 hvort og a\u00f0 hva\u00f0a marki vi\u00f0 t\u00falkum \u00feau b\u00f3kstaflega \u00fat fr\u00e1 merkingu samsetningarli\u00f0anna. Gott d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta eru samsetningar me\u00f0 risa- sem fyrri li\u00f0. \u00dear er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a nafnor\u00f0i\u00f0 risi sem er sk\u00fdrt '\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0sagnavera sem l\u00edkist gr\u00ed\u00f0arst\u00f3rum manni, j\u00f6tunn' og 'mj\u00f6g h\u00e1vaxinn ma\u00f0ur' […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4898"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4901,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898\/revisions\/4901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}