{"id":4958,"date":"2023-03-13T08:00:14","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T08:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4958"},"modified":"2023-03-12T14:04:53","modified_gmt":"2023-03-12T14:04:53","slug":"adlogun-tokuorda-gruppa-eda-grubba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/03\/13\/adlogun-tokuorda-gruppa-eda-grubba\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00f0l\u00f6gun t\u00f6kuor\u00f0a \u2013 gr\u00fappa e\u00f0a gr\u00fabba?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 gr\u00fappa <\/em>\u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> og \u00ed Ritm\u00e1lssafni<\/em> \u00c1rnastofnunar er \u00far Frams\u00f3kn<\/em> 1898 \u00fear sem l\u00fdst er heims\u00f3kn \u00ed Glyptoteki\u00f0 \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn: \u201eSvo \u00feegar lengra er gengi\u00f0, ver\u00f0a fyrir manni margar l\u00edkneskjur eptir annan franskan listamann B\u00e1rr\u00edas a\u00f0 nafni, \u00fear er t. a. m. ein gr\u00fappa (gr\u00fappa kallast \u00fea\u00f0, ef a\u00f0 3. 4. osv. frv. myndir standa saman \u00e1 einni pl\u00f6tu) sem er tekin \u00far s\u00f6gu R\u00f3mverja.\u201c \u00ddmislegt s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 \u00feessi texti er \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ing og \u00fearna er liggur auglj\u00f3slega danska or\u00f0i\u00f0 gruppe <\/em>a\u00f0 baki. En n\u00e6sta d\u00e6mi er \u00far vestur\u00edslenska bla\u00f0inu Heimskringlu <\/em>1933 \u00fear sem stendur \u201e\u00feessir \u00feorpakofar voru byg\u00f0ir saman \u00ed \u201cgr\u00fappum\u201d\u201c og er v\u00e6ntanlega af enska or\u00f0inu group<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 gr\u00fappa<\/em> \u00ed \u00edslensku sty\u00f0st \u00fev\u00ed b\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 danskar og enskar samsvaranir.<\/p>\n

\u00deegar erlend or\u00f0 eru tekin inn \u00ed \u00edslensku \u00fearf yfirleitt a\u00f0 laga \u00feau eitthva\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00e1linu, einkum \u00ed frambur\u00f0i og stafsetningu. \u00c1\u00f0ur fyrr komu langflest t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum ritm\u00e1li\u00f0 og \u00fev\u00ed e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0andi \u00ed a\u00f0l\u00f6guninni. Til a\u00f0 fella gruppe<\/em> a\u00f0 \u00edslensku \u00feurfti einungis a\u00f0 breyta stofns\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0inu u <\/em>\u00ed \u00fa <\/em>og endas\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0inu e <\/em>\u00ed a<\/em>. En tv\u00edrita\u00f0 -pp<\/em>- \u00ed \u00edslensku er bori\u00f0 fram me\u00f0 svok\u00f6llu\u00f0um a\u00f0bl\u00e6stri, eiginlega h<\/em>-hlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u00e1 undan lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0inu [kruhpa], eins og skrifa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri gr\u00fahpa<\/em>. \u00cd d\u00f6nsku er hins vegar enginn a\u00f0bl\u00e1stur \u2013 \u00fear er frambur\u00f0urinn [g\u0281ub\u0259] \u00fear sem stutt b<\/em> kemur \u00e1 eftir stuttu \u00fa<\/em>. S\u00fa atkv\u00e6\u00f0ager\u00f0 er ekki til \u00ed \u00edslensku og stutta s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 skynjum yfirleitt langt bb<\/em> \u00ed sl\u00edkum tilvikum \u2013 eins og bori\u00f0 v\u00e6ri fram gr\u00fabba<\/em>.<\/p>\n

N\u00fdlega var sagt h\u00e9r \u00ed f\u00e6rslu \u201en\u00fa skrifa allir \u201egr\u00fabba\u201c\u201c. \u00deetta er reyndar mj\u00f6g ofm\u00e6lt en vissulega er \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 \u00fearna t\u00ed\u00f0kast tvenns konar rith\u00e1ttur. Eins og sk\u00fdrt er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan er gr\u00fappa<\/em> \u00fea\u00f0 sem b\u00faast m\u00e6tti vi\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 ritu\u00f0u m\u00e1li og er vi\u00f0urkenndur rith\u00e1ttur<\/a>, en \u00fat fr\u00e1 frambur\u00f0i liggur gr\u00fabba <\/em>beinast vi\u00f0. Risam\u00e1lheildin<\/em> bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00e1 rith\u00e1ttur s\u00e9 n\u00e6r eing\u00f6ngu bundinn vi\u00f0 \u00f3formlegt m\u00e1lsni\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt gr\u00fappa <\/em>s\u00e9 l\u00edka a\u00f0almyndin \u00fear. N\u00fa \u00e1 t\u00edmum heyrum vi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 af erlendum m\u00e1lum, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 fer\u00f0al\u00f6gum, \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum og \u00e1 netinu, og \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1 b\u00faast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 frambur\u00f0ur s\u00e9 mun \u00feungv\u00e6gari \u00ed a\u00f0l\u00f6gun og me\u00f0fer\u00f0 t\u00f6kuor\u00f0a en \u00e1\u00f0ur. Vissulega heyrum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0allega ensku en ekki d\u00f6nsku, en \u00fear er frambur\u00f0urinn l\u00edka \u00e1n a\u00f0bl\u00e1sturs, [\u0261ru\u02d0p].<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 svipa\u00f0 en \u00fe\u00f3 svol\u00edti\u00f0 fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 taka af or\u00f0inu t\u00fapa<\/em> \u00ed merkingunni<\/a> 'h\u00f3lkur \u00far plasti e\u00f0a m\u00e1lmi fyrir kremkennt efni' sem er t\u00f6kuor\u00f0 \u00far d\u00f6nsku, tube<\/em>. Elstu d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeirri merkingu eru fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed 1911. \u00cd Nor\u00f0ra <\/em>stendur \u201eSk\u00f3creame \u00ed t\u00fapum \u00e1 svarta, br\u00fana og gula sk\u00f3\u201c en \u00ed Gjallahorni<\/em> stendur \u201eFilscreme \u00ed t\u00fabum \u00e1 svarta, br\u00fana og gula sk\u00f3\u201c. \u00dearna er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sem s\u00e9 \u00fdmist rita\u00f0 me\u00f0 p<\/em> e\u00f0a b<\/em> \u2013 t\u00fapa <\/em>e\u00f0a t\u00faba<\/em>. Rith\u00e1tturinn t\u00faba<\/em> samsvarar d\u00f6nskum rith\u00e6tti, og raunar d\u00f6nskum frambur\u00f0i l\u00edka. Hins vegar er hann \u00ed \u00f3samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskar ritvenjur \u00fear sem b<\/em> er yfirleitt ekki haft milli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0a heldur p<\/em>. \u00dear vi\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 \u00ed nor\u00f0lenskum (har\u00f0m\u00e6lis)frambur\u00f0i er aldrei bori\u00f0 fram \u00f3fr\u00e1bl\u00e1si\u00f0 b<\/em> \u00ed sl\u00edkri st\u00f6\u00f0u heldur fr\u00e1bl\u00e1si\u00f0 p<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00de\u00f3tt t\u00fapa <\/em>s\u00e9 vi\u00f0urkenndur rith\u00e1ttur<\/a> or\u00f0sins \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00edslenska rithef\u00f0 hefur rith\u00e1tturinn t\u00faba<\/em> einnig veri\u00f0 algengur alla t\u00ed\u00f0 (og er vi\u00f0urkenndur<\/a> sem heiti \u00e1 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri). \u00cd sunnlenskum frambur\u00f0i stendur p <\/em>milli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0a fyrir \u00f3fr\u00e1bl\u00e1si\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0, eins og \u00ed tapa<\/em>, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00feetta olli engum vandkv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00fear. En til a\u00f0 fella or\u00f0i\u00f0 t\u00faba <\/em>a\u00f0 nor\u00f0lensku hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi voru farnar tv\u00e6r mismunandi lei\u00f0ir. Annars vegar var lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 gert fr\u00e1bl\u00e1si\u00f0, p<\/em>, [t\u02b0u\u02d0p\u02b0a] og \u00feannig n\u00e1\u00f0ist venjulegt samr\u00e6mi milli ritunar og frambur\u00f0ar. En hin lei\u00f0in var a\u00f0 lengja lokhlj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 b <\/em>og bera or\u00f0i\u00f0 fram [t\u02b0up\u02d0a] t\u00fabba<\/em>, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 langt bb<\/em> milli s\u00e9rhlj\u00f3\u00f0a fellur a\u00f0 nor\u00f0lensku hlj\u00f3\u00f0kerfi \u00fe\u00f3tt stutt b <\/em>geri \u00fea\u00f0 ekki. F\u00e1ein sl\u00edk d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 finna \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>, flest \u00far nor\u00f0lenska bla\u00f0inu Degi<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elsta d\u00e6mi um or\u00f0i\u00f0 gr\u00fappa \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is og \u00ed Ritm\u00e1lssafni \u00c1rnastofnunar er \u00far Frams\u00f3kn 1898 \u00fear sem l\u00fdst er heims\u00f3kn \u00ed Glyptoteki\u00f0 \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn: \u201eSvo \u00feegar lengra er gengi\u00f0, ver\u00f0a fyrir manni margar l\u00edkneskjur eptir annan franskan listamann B\u00e1rr\u00edas a\u00f0 nafni, \u00fear er t. a. m. ein gr\u00fappa (gr\u00fappa kallast \u00fea\u00f0, ef a\u00f0 3. 4. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4958"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4959,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958\/revisions\/4959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}