{"id":4982,"date":"2023-03-20T11:35:12","date_gmt":"2023-03-20T11:35:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=4982"},"modified":"2023-03-20T11:35:12","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T11:35:12","slug":"hvad-er-helmingi-meira","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/03\/20\/hvad-er-helmingi-meira\/","title":{"rendered":"Hva\u00f0 er helmingi meira?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oft eru ger\u00f0ar athugasemdir vi\u00f0 notkun sambandanna helmingi meira <\/em>og helmingi minna<\/em> og annarra hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ra. Gr\u00e9tar Eir\u00edksson skrifa\u00f0i<\/a> t.d. \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2003: \u201eM\u00e9r finnst lei\u00f0inlegar villur sem menn gera vi\u00f0 notkun \u00e1 einf\u00f6ldustu st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ihugt\u00f6kum. T.d. \u00feegar menn segja helmingi meira \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 segja tv\u00f6falt meira. Helmingi meira \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir heildin a\u00f0 vi\u00f0b\u00e6ttum helmingi hennar e\u00f0a 150% af upprunalegu t\u00f6lunni. \u00dear me\u00f0 er 3 helmingi meira en tveir, og 4 tv\u00f6falt meira en tveir. Enska or\u00f0i\u00f0 double \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir tv\u00f6falt en ekki helmingi meira eins og sumir vir\u00f0ast halda. \u00dea\u00f0 er ansi lei\u00f0inlegt a\u00f0 heyra fr\u00e9ttamenn tala um helmingi meiri hagna\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kja og svo veit ma\u00f0ur ekki hvort \u00feeir s\u00e9u a\u00f0 meina helmingi meira e\u00f0a tv\u00f6falt meira.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> Sigf\u00fasar Bl\u00f6ndal fr\u00e1 1920-1924 segir undir helmingur<\/em>: \u201enaar der er Tale om For\u00f8gelse el. Formindskelse bet[yder] h[elmingi] henholdsv[is] 100% og 50%: helmingi meira<\/em>, det dobbelte; helmingi minna<\/em>, det halve; helmingi st\u00e6rri<\/em>, dobbelt saa stor.\u201c \u00cd kverinu G\u00e6tum tungunnar<\/em> fr\u00e1 1984 segir: \u201ehelmingi<\/em> mi\u00f0ast \u00e1vallt vi\u00f0 h\u00e6rri upph\u00e6\u00f0ina; talan tuttugu er helmingi s\u00ednum <\/em>h\u00e6rri en t\u00edu.\u201c \u00cd \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er helmingur <\/em>sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'annar hluti af tveimur jafnst\u00f3rum' og einnig \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>en \u00fear er b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0: \u201ehelmingi st\u00e6rri<\/em> \u00fdmist tv\u00f6falt e\u00f0a h\u00e1lfu st\u00e6rri, 100% (50%) st\u00e6rri; helmingi minni<\/em> 50% minni.\u201c \u00dearna er \u00fev\u00ed komin inn tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0ni sem G\u00edsli Sigur\u00f0sson skrifa\u00f0i<\/a> um \u00ed T\u00edmariti M\u00e1ls og menningar <\/em>2006:<\/p>\n

\u201eM\u00f6rgum \u00feykir h\u00f6fu\u00f0nau\u00f0syn a\u00f0 m\u00e1lfar s\u00e9 r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt og gangi upp \u00ed reikningsform\u00falu. A\u00f0 sumu leyti er \u00feetta krafa okkar v\u00edsindalega sinnu\u00f0u t\u00edma \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00ed flestum f\u00f6gum er n\u00e1kv\u00e6m or\u00f0a- og hugtakanotkun mikilsver\u00f0. Gallinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundi\u00f0 m\u00e1lfar er ekki alltaf jafn r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt og v\u00edsindi vorra t\u00edma vilja helst vera. \u00deannig h\u00e1ttar til um \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00e1lvenju a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 helmingi meira<\/em> en anna\u00f0, J\u00f3i bor\u00f0a\u00f0i helmingi meira en Gunna<\/em>, Bj\u00f6ssi er helmingi feitari en Gummi <\/em>og svo framvegis. \u00dea\u00f0 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 efna \u00ed \u00e1g\u00e6tt kaffit\u00edma\u00feras me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 spyrja hva\u00f0 \u00e1tt s\u00e9 vi\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessum or\u00f0um. \u00cd nefndum d\u00e6mum eru n\u00e1kv\u00e6mir \u00fatreikningar a\u00f0 v\u00edsu \u00f3vi\u00f0eigandi \u00fev\u00ed eiginleg merking er bara miklu meira<\/em> og miklu feitari<\/em>.\u201c<\/p>\n

En G\u00edsli heldur \u00e1fram og bendir \u00e1 vandam\u00e1l vi\u00f0 notkun \u00feessara sambanda: \u201eAlvara m\u00e1lsins eykst \u00fe\u00f3 ef fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lafyrirt\u00e6ki augl\u00fdsir helmingi meiri <\/em>\u00e1v\u00f6xtun hj\u00e1 s\u00e9r en \u00f6\u00f0rum. \u00de\u00e1 viljum vi\u00f0 vita hvort \u00e1tt er vi\u00f0 100% meiri \u00e1v\u00f6xtun e\u00f0a bara 50%. Samkv\u00e6mt r\u00f6kr\u00e9ttri or\u00f0anna hlj\u00f3\u00f0an er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem er helmingi meira<\/em> en eitthva\u00f0 anna\u00f0 s\u00e9 bara 50% meira. \u00cd almennri m\u00e1lnotkun h\u00e1ttar samt \u00feannig til a\u00f0 \u00feetta or\u00f0asamband \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir oftast n\u00e6r a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 100% meira. \u00deessi \u00f3vissa hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00ed kennslub\u00f3kum \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota hi\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundna m\u00e1lfar heldur ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 tala um tv\u00f6falt meira<\/em>. M\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed segja a\u00f0 tilraunir til a\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta m\u00e1lfar me\u00f0 r\u00f6kv\u00edsina a\u00f0 vopni hafi h\u00e9r gert m\u00e1li\u00f0 f\u00e1t\u00e6kara.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd greinarger\u00f0<\/a> Baldurs J\u00f3nssonar pr\u00f3fessors um \u00feetta m\u00e1l sem G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson birti \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6tti s\u00ednum \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1996 segir: \u201eEf til vill m\u00e1 or\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 \u00fearna lj\u00f3sti saman g\u00f6mlum t\u00edma og n\u00fdjum. S\u00e1 sem l\u00e6rir reikning \u00ed sk\u00f3la n\u00fat\u00edmans er ekki \u00ed vafa um a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt sem honum er kennt. \u00dev\u00ed \u00e1lyktar hann sem svo a\u00f0 gamla or\u00f0alagi\u00f0 geti ekki sta\u00f0ist \u00far \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 br\u00fdtur \u00ed b\u00e1ga vi\u00f0 hi\u00f0 n\u00fdja. \u00deetta vi\u00f0horf hefi \u00e9g or\u00f0i\u00f0 var vi\u00f0, jafnvel hj\u00e1 gl\u00f6ggum reikningsm\u00f6nnum, en \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 get \u00e9g ekki fallist. Fr\u00e1 m\u00ednum b\u00e6jardyrum s\u00e9\u00f0 m\u00e6tast h\u00e9r ekki andst\u00e6\u00f0urnar r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt<\/strong>: \u00f3r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt<\/strong>. \u00cd gamla or\u00f0alaginu er ekkert \u00f3r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt, en vi\u00f0horfi\u00f0 er allt anna\u00f0 en \u00ed pr\u00f3sentum\u00e1li og hefir l\u00edka m\u00f3tast vi\u00f0 allt a\u00f0rar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur, l\u00f6ngu \u00e1\u00f0ur en pr\u00f3sentureikningur ger\u00f0i vart vi\u00f0 sig.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00c1 V\u00edsindavefnum <\/em>er bent \u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 m\u00e1lvenja s\u00e9 a\u00f0 helmingi meira<\/em> merki 'tv\u00f6falt meira', en: \u201e\u00deessi hef\u00f0bundna merking or\u00f0asambandsins \u201ehelmingi meira en\u201c vir\u00f0ist hins vegar vera \u00e1 undanhaldi um \u00feessar mundir og gamla og n\u00fdja merkingin ruglast saman. \u00dear sem tilgangur tungum\u00e1lsins er \u00f6\u00f0ru fremur s\u00e1 a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 hugsun okkar er sl\u00edkur ruglingur \u00f3heppilegur, ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgum reynist n\u00f3gu erfitt a\u00f0 n\u00e1 t\u00f6kum \u00e1 annarri hvorri merkingunni. Ruglingurinn ver\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00e1 me\u00f0al annars til \u00feess a\u00f0 menn veigra s\u00e9r vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka svona til or\u00f0a og leita annarra lei\u00f0a til a\u00f0 or\u00f0a hugsun s\u00edna. Jafnframt bendir \u00fe\u00f3 flest til \u00feess a\u00f0 n\u00fdja merkingin, sem er \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0st\u00e6tt or\u00f0alag \u00ed almennum hlutfallareikningi a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti, muni ver\u00f0a ofan \u00e1 innan t\u00ed\u00f0ar.\u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oft eru ger\u00f0ar athugasemdir vi\u00f0 notkun sambandanna helmingi meira og helmingi minna og annarra hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ra. Gr\u00e9tar Eir\u00edksson skrifa\u00f0i t.d. \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu 2003: \u201eM\u00e9r finnst lei\u00f0inlegar villur sem menn gera vi\u00f0 notkun \u00e1 einf\u00f6ldustu st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ihugt\u00f6kum. T.d. \u00feegar menn segja helmingi meira \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 segja tv\u00f6falt meira. Helmingi meira \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir heildin a\u00f0 vi\u00f0b\u00e6ttum helmingi hennar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4982"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4983,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4982\/revisions\/4983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}