{"id":5047,"date":"2023-04-08T15:38:31","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T15:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5047"},"modified":"2023-04-08T15:44:16","modified_gmt":"2023-04-08T15:44:16","slug":"er-thjodin-ad-breytast-ur-monnum-i-folk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/04\/08\/er-thjodin-ad-breytast-ur-monnum-i-folk\/","title":{"rendered":"Er \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in a\u00f0 breytast \u00far m\u00f6nnum \u00ed f\u00f3lk?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fyrir r\u00famu \u00e1ri birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu<\/em> grein<\/a> sem h\u00e9t \u201e\u00cdslenska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in a\u00f0 breytast \u00far m\u00f6nnum \u00ed f\u00f3lk\u201c. \u00dear var v\u00edsa\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1 seinustu \u00e1rum ber nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 samsetningar sem enda \u00e1 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> eru nota\u00f0ar \u00fear sem (meiri) hef\u00f0 er fyrir or\u00f0um sem enda \u00e1 -menn<\/em>. \u00cd upphafi greinarinnar sag\u00f0i: \u201e\u201eN\u00e6r \u00f6llu Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isf\u00f3lki l\u00edst vel \u00e1 r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnina\u201c. \u00deannig var fyrirs\u00f6gn fors\u00ed\u00f0ufr\u00e9ttar Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0sins 15. desember s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0inn. Fyrir nokkrum \u00e1rum hef\u00f0i fyrirs\u00f6gnin \u00e1n efa veri\u00f0: \u201eN\u00e6r \u00f6llum Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ism\u00f6nnum l\u00edst vel \u00e1 r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnina\u201c.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0<\/a> \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 or\u00f0 eins og l\u00f6gregluf\u00f3lk<\/em>, bj\u00f6rgunarf\u00f3lk<\/em>, hestaf\u00f3lk<\/em> og stu\u00f0ningsf\u00f3lk<\/em> s\u00e9u notu\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 samsetninga me\u00f0 -ma\u00f0ur<\/em>, og \u00f3tal sinnum hefur veri\u00f0 kvarta\u00f0 undan \u00feessu \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0s<\/em>greininni er haft eftir S\u00f3leyju T\u00f3masd\u00f3ttur \u201ea\u00f0 ef manni s\u00e9 skipt \u00fat fyrir f\u00f3lk vir\u00f0ist sem \u00fatkoman ver\u00f0i mis\u00fej\u00e1l. \u201e\u00cd\u00fer\u00f3ttaf\u00f3lk\u201c \u00feyki n\u00faor\u00f0i\u00f0 gott og gilt or\u00f0 en \u00f6nnur or\u00f0 eins og \u00feingf\u00f3lk e\u00f0a l\u00f6gf\u00f3lk eigi lengra \u00ed land. Sk\u00fdringin g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 sum \u00feessara or\u00f0a eigi s\u00e9r karls\u00f6gulegri r\u00e6tur en \u00f6nnur. Eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem konur ver\u00f0i meira \u00e1berandi \u00ed \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3ttum s\u00e9 au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 tala um \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3ttaf\u00f3lk. Erfi\u00f0ara s\u00e9 enn a\u00f0 tala um \u201el\u00f6gf\u00f3lk\u201c, sennilega vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00edmynd st\u00e9ttarinnar s\u00e9 enn ansi karll\u00e6g \u00ed hugum f\u00f3lks.\u201c \u00cd framhaldi af \u00feessu fannst m\u00e9r \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a 100 algengustu or\u00f0myndir \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>sem enda \u00e1 -menn <\/em>og athuga hvort samsvarandi or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 -f\u00f3lk <\/em>fyndust \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> \u2013 og hversu g\u00f6mul \u00feau v\u00e6ru \u00ed m\u00e1linu.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g sleppti s\u00e9rn\u00f6fnum eins og Bandar\u00edkjamenn<\/em>, Nor\u00f0menn<\/em>, Eyjamenn<\/em>, Skagamenn<\/em>, Valsmenn<\/em> o.fl. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an var s\u00fa a\u00f0 93 af \u00feessum 100 or\u00f0um eiga s\u00e9r samsvaranir me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> \u2013 sumar hverjar vissulega sjaldg\u00e6far. N\u00edu or\u00f0 koma fyrir \u00ed eitt til t\u00edu skipti en 26 koma fyrir oftar en \u00fe\u00fasund sinnum, \u00fear af 12 oftar en t\u00edu \u00fe\u00fasund sinnum. Or\u00f0in sem aldrei koma fyrir eru *forf\u00f3lk<\/em>, *l\u00f6gf\u00f3lk<\/em>, *markf\u00f3lk<\/em>, *stj\u00f3rnar\u00feingf\u00f3lk<\/em>, *s\u00fdsluf\u00f3lk<\/em>, *varnarf\u00f3lk<\/em> og *v\u00edgaf\u00f3lk<\/em>. \u00deetta er skiljanlegt \u2013 samsvarandi samsetningar me\u00f0 -ma\u00f0ur<\/em> eru sjaldnast nota\u00f0ar um (kynjablanda\u00f0a) h\u00f3pa heldur um einstaklinga (forma\u00f0ur<\/em>, l\u00f6gma\u00f0ur<\/em>, markma\u00f0ur<\/em>, s\u00fdsluma\u00f0ur<\/em>, varnarma\u00f0ur<\/em>). Hins vegar ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 sem tilviljun a\u00f0 or\u00f0in *stj\u00f3rnar\u00feingf\u00f3lk <\/em>og *v\u00edgaf\u00f3lk<\/em> koma ekki fyrir.<\/p>\n

\u00deegar einst\u00f6k d\u00e6mi eru sko\u00f0u\u00f0 er greinilegt a\u00f0 ef vita\u00f0 er a\u00f0 h\u00f3purinn sem um r\u00e6\u00f0ir er blanda\u00f0ur er r\u00edk tilhneiging til a\u00f0 nota samsetningu me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk <\/em>frekar en -menn<\/em>. Gott d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00e1kf\u00f3lk<\/em> sem kemur \u00ed fyrsta sinn fyrir \u00ed fyrirs\u00f6gn \u00ed V\u00edsi<\/em> 1964: \u201eTeki\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti fr\u00e6gu sk\u00e1kf\u00f3lki \u00e1 Reykjav\u00edkurflugvelli: Gosi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 Eyjar var \u00fea\u00f0 sem hreif hugi sk\u00e1kf\u00f3lksins mest.\u201c \u00dearna voru fj\u00f3rir erlendir sk\u00e1kmeistarar a\u00f0 koma til landsins til a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed fyrsta Reykjav\u00edkursk\u00e1km\u00f3tinu og \u00ed \u00feeirra h\u00f3pi var ein kona, heimsmeistarinn Nona Gaprindashvili. \u00c1 \u00feessum t\u00edma var mj\u00f6g \u00f3venjulegt a\u00f0 konur t\u00e6kju \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed sterkum sk\u00e1km\u00f3tum og \u00feeim sem skrifu\u00f0u fr\u00e9ttina hefur greinilega fundist \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 tala um blanda\u00f0an h\u00f3p sem sk\u00e1kmenn<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00c1\u00f0ur hefur veri\u00f0 bent \u00e1<\/a> a\u00f0 margar samsetningar me\u00f0 f\u00f3lk <\/em>eru gamlar \u2013 \u00ed Heimskringlu<\/em> Snorra Sturlusonar koma fyrir or\u00f0in b\u00f3nda<\/em>\u00adf\u00f3lk<\/em>, bygg\u00f0arf\u00f3lk<\/em>, b\u00fdjar<\/em>\u00adf\u00f3lk<\/em>, b\u00e6jar<\/em>\u00adf\u00f3lk<\/em>, f\u00e1t\u00e6kisf\u00f3lk<\/em>, fj\u00f6lkynng<\/em>\u00adis<\/em>\u00adf\u00f3lk<\/em>, hern<\/em>\u00ada\u00f0arf\u00f3lk<\/em>, ill<\/em>\u00ad\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0<\/em>\u00adis<\/em>\u00adf\u00f3lk<\/em>, inn<\/em>\u00adan<\/em>\u00adlandsf\u00f3lk<\/em>, landsf\u00f3lk<\/em>, mannf\u00f3lk og \u00feingf\u00f3lk<\/em>. Elstu d\u00e6mi \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> um r\u00famlega fimmtung or\u00f0anna \u00ed \u00feessu safni eru fr\u00e1 n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, og um helmingur er meira en n\u00edut\u00edu \u00e1ra gamall. A\u00f0eins tv\u00f6 or\u00f0, b\u00e6\u00f0i mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6f (sl\u00f6kkvili\u00f0sf\u00f3lk<\/em> og bandaf\u00f3lk<\/em>) eru fr\u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld \u2013 og \u00ferj\u00fa til vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed eftir a\u00f0 Kvennalistinn kom fram. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 samsetningar me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> s\u00e9u einhver n\u00fd uppfinning fem\u00ednista \u00fe\u00f3tt vissulega hafi notkun margra \u00feessara or\u00f0a aukist \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum.<\/p>\n

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 f\u00f3lk<\/em> er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ramm\u00edslenskt og hefur veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 sem seinni li\u00f0ur samsettra or\u00f0a allt fr\u00e1 fornu m\u00e1li. \u00deessi or\u00f0 eru yfirleitt lipur \u00fe\u00f3tt vitanlega hlj\u00f3mi n\u00fdjar samsetningar af \u00feessu tagi oft undarlega og \u00feeim \u00feurfi a\u00f0 venjast eins og \u00f6\u00f0rum n\u00fdjum or\u00f0um. \u00dea\u00f0 er fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram<\/a> a\u00f0 einhver m\u00e1lspj\u00f6ll e\u00f0a \u201egelding\u201c tungum\u00e1lsins felist \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota samsetningar me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 -menn<\/em> \u00feegar v\u00edsa\u00f0 er til h\u00f3pa, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00f3neitanlega s\u00e9 \u00f3heppilegt a\u00f0 ekki skuli h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota samsetningar me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> \u00ed sta\u00f0 -ma\u00f0ur<\/em> \u00ed v\u00edsun til einstaklinga. En meginatri\u00f0i\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00f6llum er vitanlega frj\u00e1lst a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 nota samsetningar me\u00f0 -menn<\/em>, en engin \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a er til a\u00f0 amast vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feau sem kj\u00f3sa fremur a\u00f0 nota \u2013 og b\u00faa til \u2013 samsetningar me\u00f0 -f\u00f3lk<\/em> geri \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fyrir r\u00famu \u00e1ri birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu grein sem h\u00e9t \u201e\u00cdslenska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in a\u00f0 breytast \u00far m\u00f6nnum \u00ed f\u00f3lk\u201c. \u00dear var v\u00edsa\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1 seinustu \u00e1rum ber nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 samsetningar sem enda \u00e1 -f\u00f3lk eru nota\u00f0ar \u00fear sem (meiri) hef\u00f0 er fyrir or\u00f0um sem enda \u00e1 -menn. \u00cd upphafi greinarinnar sag\u00f0i: \u201e\u201eN\u00e6r \u00f6llu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5047"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5049,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5047\/revisions\/5049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}