{"id":5066,"date":"2023-04-13T08:00:58","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T08:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5066"},"modified":"2025-11-23T18:21:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T18:21:33","slug":"erud-thid-sammala-thessu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/04\/13\/erud-thid-sammala-thessu\/","title":{"rendered":"Eru\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 samm\u00e1la \u00feessu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 samm\u00e1la <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki algengt \u2013 Ordbog over det norr\u00f8ne prosasprog<\/em> hefur a\u00f0eins fj\u00f6gur d\u00e6mi<\/a> um \u00fea\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er athyglisvert a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim \u00f6llum er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed sambandinu s\u00e1ttir og samm\u00e1la<\/em> \u2013 \u201eN\u00fa erum v\u00e9r s\u00e1ttir og samm\u00e1la hvar sem v\u00e9r finnumst \u00e1 landi og \u00e1 legi\u201c segir t.d. \u00ed Hei\u00f0arv\u00edga s\u00f6gu<\/em>. \u00deetta samband var algengt fram undir mi\u00f0ja s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld, og \u00f6fug r\u00f6\u00f0, samm\u00e1la og s\u00e1ttir<\/em>, kemur einnig fyrir en er mun sjaldg\u00e6fari. B\u00e6\u00f0i samb\u00f6ndin vir\u00f0ast vera \u00e1 \u00fatlei\u00f0 \u00far m\u00e1linu \u2013 a\u00f0eins n\u00edu d\u00e6mi eru um \u00feau fr\u00e1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>. \u00dev\u00ed kemur \u00fea\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f3vart a\u00f0 18 d\u00e6mi eru um samb\u00f6ndin \u00ed samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lahluta Risam\u00e1lheildarinnar<\/em>. En samm\u00e1la <\/em>tengist ekkert s\u00e9rstaklega vi\u00f0 s\u00e1ttur<\/em> \u00ed m\u00ednu m\u00e1li.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>er samm\u00e1la <\/em>sk\u00fdrt 'sam\u00feykkur, \u00e1 sama m\u00e1li, samd\u00f3ma, samhuga' og \u00ed<\/a> \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k '<\/em>sem er \u00e1 sama m\u00e1li, sam\u00feykkur'. \u00cd \u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> fr\u00e1 1920-1924 er samm\u00e1la einhverjum<\/em> sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'enig med en' og vi\u00f0 erum samm\u00e1la <\/em>er 'vi er enige'. \u00dearna er merkingin 'sam\u00feykkur' sem s\u00e9 ekki nefnd. \u00cd An Icelandic-English Dictionary<\/em> eftir Richard Cleasby og Gu\u00f0brand Vigf\u00fasson er sk\u00fdringin 'agreeing', en sk\u00fdring Fritzners \u00e1 or\u00f0inu \u00ed fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k sinni, Ordbog over det Gamle Norske Sprog<\/em>, er hins vegar 'som taler, kan tale sammen med andre'. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 v\u00e6ntanlega a\u00f0 skilja svo a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem eru samm\u00e1la<\/em> geti talast vi\u00f0, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vera endilega sama sinnis \u2013 um \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu er haft sambandi\u00f0 vera \u00e1 einu m\u00e1li<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li held \u00e9g a\u00f0 samm\u00e1la <\/em>hafi \u00ed m\u00e1li flestra \u00fe\u00e6r merkingar sem l\u00fdst er \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> og \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. En ekki fellur \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f6llum \u00ed ge\u00f0. \u00c1rni B\u00f6\u00f0varsson segir \u00ed b\u00f3kinni \u00cdslenskt m\u00e1lfar<\/em>: \u201eMenn eru stundum samm\u00e1la, \u00e9g get veri\u00f0 samm\u00e1la \u00fe\u00e9r e\u00f0a sam\u00feykkur till\u00f6gu \u00feinni. \u00c1 n\u00fat\u00edma \u00edslensku eru menn ekki samm\u00e1la till\u00f6gu, heldur flytjanda hennar.\u201c Gu\u00f0ni Kolbeinsson segir<\/a> \u00ed Helgarp\u00f3stinum <\/i>1995: \u201e\u201e\u00c9g er alveg hjartanlega samm\u00e1la \u00feessu hj\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e9r,\u201c heyrist i\u00f0ulega. J\u00e1, of oft, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta er beinl\u00ednis rangt. Vi\u00f0 getum ekki veri\u00f0 samm\u00e1la \u00fev\u00ed sem einhver segir. \u00de\u00e1 v\u00e6rum vi\u00f0 \u00e1 sama m\u00e1li og m\u00e1lefni\u00f0 \u2014 sem auglj\u00f3slega er r\u00f6kleysa. Reynum a\u00f0 vera samm\u00e1la hvert \u00f6\u00f0ru og \u00fear me\u00f0 sam\u00feykk<\/i> \u00fev\u00ed sem sagt er.\u201c<\/p>\n

Hannes H\u00f3lmsteinn Gissurarson sag\u00f0i<\/a> \u00ed Andvara <\/i>1994: \u201eMa\u00f0ur getur veri\u00f0 samm\u00e1la \u00f6\u00f0rum manni um sko\u00f0un, hugmynd e\u00f0a gagnr\u00fdni, en hann er ekki samm\u00e1la sko\u00f0uninni, hugmyndinni e\u00f0a gagnr\u00fdninni, heldur sam\u00feykkur henni.\u201c \u00cd Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/i>1996 segir<\/a>: \u201eV\u00e6ri r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 segja:<\/u> Hann er samm\u00e1la kenningu minni?<\/u> Svar: Betra \u00fe\u00e6tti a\u00f0 segja: Hann er m\u00e9r samm\u00e1la um kenningu m\u00edna<\/u>, e\u00f0a: Hann er kenningu minni sam\u00feykkur.<\/u>\u201c \u00dearna er sagt a\u00f0 eing\u00f6ngu s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vera samm\u00e1la f\u00f3lki<\/em>, ekki samm\u00e1la einhverju<\/em>. Vissulega v\u00edsar samm\u00e1la <\/em>eing\u00f6ngu til f\u00f3lks \u00ed fornm\u00e1lsd\u00e6mum, og \u00ed d\u00e6mum fram undir lok 19. aldar. En \u00ed eldri d\u00e6mum er f\u00f3lk anna\u00f0hvort samm\u00e1la <\/em>\u00e1n nokkurrar sk\u00fdringar e\u00f0a samm\u00e1la um <\/em>eitthva\u00f0 \u2013 og stundum samm\u00e1la \u00ed einhverju<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist ekki vera fyrr en eftir mi\u00f0ja 19. \u00f6ld sem samm\u00e1la <\/em>fer a\u00f0 taka me\u00f0 s\u00e9r nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gufalli. Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g hef rekist \u00e1 um \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed Nor\u00f0ra <\/em>1858 \u00fear sem segir: \u201eMonra\u00f0, einhver hinn merkasti \u00feingma\u00f0ur Dana, kva\u00f0st ekki geta or\u00f0i\u00f0 Lehrmann samm\u00e1la.\u201c \u00cd V\u00edkverja <\/em>1873 segir: \u201eEg er samm\u00e1la \u00feeim manni sem rita\u00f0 hefir greinina um kvennask\u00f3lann.\u201c \u00de\u00e1gufallsor\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00edsar \u00ed fyrstu alltaf til f\u00f3lks, en \u00fea\u00f0 breyttist flj\u00f3tlega \u2013 \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 munu \u00fev\u00ed allir taka vel \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u201eNor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sinu\u201c, hvert heldur \u00feeir eru samm\u00e1la e\u00f0a andst\u00e6\u00f0ir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0m\u00e1lasko\u00f0unum \u00deingeyinga\u201c segir \u00ed Akureyrarp\u00f3stinum<\/em> 1886. \u00cd L\u00fd\u00f0<\/em> 1889 segir: \u201eget \u00e9g \u00fe\u00f3 ekki veri\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed samm\u00e1la, a\u00f0 sk\u00f3linn s\u00e9 \u00e1 heljar\u00fer\u00f6minni.\u201c \u00dear er merkingin 'sam\u00feykkur' greinilega komin til.<\/p>\n

Allm\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi um \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu koma fyrir undir lok 19. aldar og fer fj\u00f6lgandi \u00feegar l\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld, og h\u00fan er vitaskuld mj\u00f6g algeng \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li \u2013 enda gefin athugasemdalaust \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir. Mig r\u00e1mar \u00ed a\u00f0 hafa heyrt amast vi\u00f0 henni einhvern t\u00edma fyrir l\u00f6ngu, anna\u00f0hvort \u00ed kennslu e\u00f0a \u00fatvarps\u00fe\u00e6ttinum Daglegt m\u00e1l<\/em>, en \u00e9g hef ekki or\u00f0i\u00f0 var vi\u00f0 sl\u00edkar athugasemdir n\u00fdlega \u2013 \u00feetta er t.d. ekki nefnt \u00ed M\u00e1lfarsbankanum<\/em>. Enda v\u00e6ri fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 gera athugasemdir vi\u00f0 notkun samm\u00e1la <\/em>\u00ed merkingunni 'sam\u00feykkur'. Eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur segir er samm\u00e1la einhverjum <\/em>ekkert s\u00ed\u00f0ur n\u00fdjung en samm\u00e1la einhverju <\/em>og \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera l\u00edtill aldursmunur \u00e1 elstu d\u00e6mum um \u00feetta tvennt \u2013 \u00e1 anna\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra hef\u00f0 komin \u00e1 hvort tveggja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00fdsingaror\u00f0i\u00f0 samm\u00e1la kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki algengt \u2013 Ordbog over det norr\u00f8ne prosasprog hefur a\u00f0eins fj\u00f6gur d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er athyglisvert a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim \u00f6llum er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed sambandinu s\u00e1ttir og samm\u00e1la \u2013 \u201eN\u00fa erum v\u00e9r s\u00e1ttir og samm\u00e1la hvar sem v\u00e9r finnumst \u00e1 landi og \u00e1 legi\u201c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5066"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5066\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7774,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5066\/revisions\/7774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}