{"id":5088,"date":"2023-04-18T12:55:06","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T12:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5088"},"modified":"2023-12-01T13:13:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T13:13:47","slug":"goss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/04\/18\/goss\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f3ss"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum a\u00f0 spurt<\/a> var um or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00f3ss <\/em>\u2013 hvort \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri til b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed eint\u00f6lu og fleirt\u00f6lu. Fyrirspyrjandi \u00feekkti \u00fea\u00f0 bara \u00ed eint\u00f6lu en \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls <\/em>er \u00fe\u00f3 fleirtala einnig gefin upp<\/a>. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'eignir' og teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u201egamalt\u201c sem merkir v\u00e6ntanlega a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 l\u00edti\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li. Svo vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 ekki vera \u2013 \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>er \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6ma um \u00fea\u00f0, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00far formleg og \u00f3formlegu m\u00e1li. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er t\u00f6luvert nota\u00f0 \u00ed lagam\u00e1li og \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed eru \u00ferj\u00e1r skilgreiningar \u00ed L\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ior\u00f0asafninu<\/em><\/a>: 'Eignasafn, samsafn sm\u00e1rra sem st\u00f3rra hluta og eigna<\/a>'; 'St\u00f3rb\u00fdli<\/a>'; og 'Farmur, sbr. stykkjag\u00f3ss<\/a>' sem teki\u00f0 er fram a\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u201eeinkum \u00ed eldra sj\u00f3r\u00e9ttarm\u00e1li\u201c.<\/p>\n

Eins og kemur fram<\/a> \u00ed \u00cdslenskri or\u00f0sifjab\u00f3k<\/em> er or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00f3ss <\/em>upphaflega g\u00f3\u00f0s<\/em>, eignarfall eint\u00f6lu af l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0inu g\u00f3\u00f0ur<\/em>, \u00ed samb\u00f6ndum eins og eiga nokku\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0s <\/em>\u00ed merkingunni 'eiga eitthva\u00f0 af (einhverju) g\u00f3\u00f0u'. \u00cd Ordbog over det norr\u00f8ne prosasprog<\/em> er h\u00e1tt \u00e1 anna\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 d\u00e6ma<\/a> um or\u00f0i\u00f0 sem er skrifa\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fdmsu m\u00f3ti \u00ed fornum textum: godz<\/em>, go\u00f0s<\/em>, goz<\/em>, go\u00f0z<\/em>, g\u00f3\u00f0s<\/em>, g\u00f3z<\/em>, o.fl. \u00cd sumum \u00feessara d\u00e6ma v\u00e6ri hugsanlegt a\u00f0 greina or\u00f0i\u00f0 sem eignarfall l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0s \u00fat fr\u00e1 setningarst\u00f6\u00f0u \u2013 \u201egekk hann fyrir jarl ok bau\u00f0 fyrir Flosa allt \u00feat g\u00f3\u00f0s, er hann \u00e1tti\u201c segir<\/a> t.d. \u00ed Nj\u00e1lu<\/em>. En \u00ed flestum tilvikum er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 greinilega nota\u00f0 sem nafnor\u00f0 og b\u00e6tir i\u00f0ulega vi\u00f0 sig nafnor\u00f0sendingum \u2013 \u201estalu \u00feiofar micklu godzi\u201c segir<\/a> t.d. \u00ed \u00deorl\u00e1ks s\u00f6gu helga<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cd langflestum tilvikum er or\u00f0i\u00f0 nota\u00f0 \u00ed eint\u00f6lu \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, en fleirtala kemur \u00fe\u00f3 fyrir \u2013 \u201eH\u00e6ringr t\u00f3k vi\u00f0 g\u00f3zum \u00deorgils\u201c segir<\/a> \u00ed Fl\u00f3amanna s\u00f6gu<\/em> og \u00ed m\u00e1ldaga<\/a> fr\u00e1 1408 er tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 \u201esko\u00f0a g\u00f3ssin\u201c. F\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi<\/a> eru um fleirt\u00f6lu fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00f6ldum \u2013 \u201e\u00d6ll \u00feau godtz og peningar\u201c segir \u00ed br\u00e9fi fr\u00e1 1542, og \u00ed Vallaann\u00e1l<\/em> segir \u00e1ri\u00f0 1720: \u201ehaf\u00f0i gefi\u00f0 amtmanni mestan hlut g\u00f3ssa sinna, fastra og lausra.\u201c Nokkur d\u00e6mi eru um fleirt\u00f6lu \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em>. \u201ePrestekknasj\u00f3\u00f0inn getur r\u00edki\u00f0 au\u00f0vita\u00f0 teki\u00f0 me\u00f0 ofr\u00edki og allar eignir kirkjufjelagsins, l\u00edkt og fornu g\u00f3ssin voru tekin\u201c segir \u00ed Kirkjubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1895. \u201eHann \u00f3lst upp \u00e1 g\u00f3ssum fe\u00f0ra sinna, m.a. \u00ed Graditz\u201c segir \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 1987. \u201eKaflinn um \u00edslensku g\u00f3ssin er fr\u00f3\u00f0legur\u201c segir \u00ed S\u00f6gu <\/em>1976.<\/p>\n

Fleirtalan var \u00fe\u00f3 alla t\u00ed\u00f0 mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6f og eing\u00f6ngu notu\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni 'jar\u00f0eign, st\u00f3rb\u00fdli' Eintalan getur einnig haft \u00fe\u00e1 merkingu sem s\u00e9st \u00fe\u00f3 sjaldan \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li, sem og samsetningin st\u00f3rg\u00f3ss<\/em><\/a> sem er v\u00e6ntanlega teki\u00f0 beint \u00far Storgods <\/em>\u00ed d\u00f6nsku \u2013 sama gildir um g\u00f3sseigandi <\/em>af Godsejer<\/em>. \u00ddmsar fleiri samsetningar af or\u00f0inu eru til, margar nota\u00f0ar \u00ed (eldra) lagam\u00e1li og skilgreindar \u00ed L\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ior\u00f0asafninu<\/a> <\/em>svo sem erf\u00f0ag\u00f3ss<\/em><\/a> 'Erf\u00f0af\u00e9', jar\u00f0ag\u00f3ss<\/a> '<\/em>Jar\u00f0eignir', kirkjug\u00f3ss<\/a><\/em> 'Kirkjueignir, fj\u00e1rmunir \u00ed eigu kirkju', lausag\u00f3ss<\/a> '<\/em>Lausaf\u00e9', stykkjag\u00f3ss<\/a> '<\/em>Laus farmur, einstakar flutningseiningar' o.fl. Farmur stranda\u00f0ra skipa var nefndur strandg\u00f3ss <\/em>\u2013 \u201eUppbo\u00f0 var haldi\u00f0 \u00ed g\u00e6r \u00e1 strandg\u00f3ssinu fr\u00e1 \u00bbRigmor\u00ab segir \u00ed Verkamanninum <\/em>1921.<\/p>\n

En \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li er or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00f3ss <\/em>langoftast nota\u00f0 um samsafn \u00fdmissa (oft \u00f3skyldra) hluta og i\u00f0ulega tala\u00f0 um \u201eallt g\u00f3ssi\u00f0\u201c. \u201e\u00d3j\u00e1, \u00fea\u00f0 var stundum miki\u00f0 umstang me\u00f0an klakka \u00feurfti allt g\u00f3ssi\u00f0 og rei\u00f0a \u00e1 hestum yfir langa fjallvegi\u201c segir \u00ed Austra <\/em>1957. \u201e\u00c9g \u00e1tti b\u00e1gt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 fela hneykslun m\u00edna \u00feegar \u00e9g s\u00e1 allt g\u00f3ssi\u00f0; geislaspilara, fullt af diskum, h\u00e1talara, rosalegt magn af s\u00e6lg\u00e6ti og svo \u00e1fengi\u201c segir \u00ed Vikunni <\/em>2000. \u201eH\u00fan skilur eftir sig sl\u00f3\u00f0 leyndarm\u00e1la og au\u00f0\u00e6va og \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 b\u00faast vi\u00f0 h\u00f6r\u00f0um deilum erfingja um hver hlj\u00f3ti allt g\u00f3ssi\u00f0\u201c segir \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0inu<\/em> 2011. Mj\u00f6g algengt er l\u00edka a\u00f0 nota g\u00f3ss <\/em>um r\u00e1nsfeng \u2013 \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er alveg n\u00fdtt a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3far steli beinl\u00ednis til a\u00f0 flytja g\u00f3ssi\u00f0 \u00e1 haugana\u201c segir \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> 2010. Sk\u00fdringin 'eignir' er \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3fullkomin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd g\u00e6r rakst \u00e9g \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunar\u00fe\u00e6ttinum a\u00f0 spurt var um or\u00f0i\u00f0 g\u00f3ss \u2013 hvort \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri til b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed eint\u00f6lu og fleirt\u00f6lu. Fyrirspyrjandi \u00feekkti \u00fea\u00f0 bara \u00ed eint\u00f6lu en \u00ed Beygingarl\u00fdsingu \u00edslensks n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1ls er \u00fe\u00f3 fleirtala einnig gefin upp. \u00cd \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k er or\u00f0i\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt 'eignir' og teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u201egamalt\u201c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5088","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5088","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5088"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5088\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5793,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5088\/revisions\/5793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5088"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5088"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}