{"id":5111,"date":"2023-04-23T15:21:27","date_gmt":"2023-04-23T15:21:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5111"},"modified":"2023-04-23T15:21:27","modified_gmt":"2023-04-23T15:21:27","slug":"hundrudir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/04\/23\/hundrudir\/","title":{"rendered":"Hundru\u00f0ir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Or\u00f0in hundra\u00f0<\/em> og \u00fe\u00fasund<\/em> eru oft spyrt saman sem von er vegna merkingarlegrar hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0u, en \u00e1 \u00feeim er einn grundvallarmunur \u2013 \u00fe\u00fasund <\/em>var \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li til sem b\u00e6\u00f0i kvenkynsor\u00f0 og hvorugkynsor\u00f0 og hvort tveggja er fullkomlega vi\u00f0urkennt \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li, en hundra\u00f0<\/em> er a\u00f0eins vi\u00f0urkennt sem hvorugkynsor\u00f0. \u00cd kverinu G\u00e6tum tungunnar <\/em>segir t.d.: \u201eS\u00e9st hefur<\/em>: Hundru\u00f0ir manna voru drepnir. R\u00e9tt v\u00e6ri<\/em>: Hundru\u00f0 <\/em>manna voru drepin<\/em>. (Fleirtalan af hundra\u00f0 <\/em>er hundru\u00f0<\/em>, en af \u00fe\u00fasund<\/em> \u00fdmist \u00fe\u00fasund<\/em> e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fasundir<\/em>.)\u201c Kvenkynsmyndin hundru\u00f0ir<\/em> sem \u00fearna er vara\u00f0 vi\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 mj\u00f6g algeng \u00ed nefnifalli og \u00feolfalli fleirt\u00f6lu \u2013 h\u00e1tt \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00fasund d\u00e6ma er um hana \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> og \u00e1 fimmta \u00fe\u00fasund \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>, \u00fear af talsver\u00f0ur hluti \u00far formlegu m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um kvenkynsfleirt\u00f6luna hundru\u00f0ir<\/em> er \u00ed L\u00f6gbergi <\/em>1895, og nokkur elstu d\u00e6min eru \u00far vestur\u00edslensku bl\u00f6\u00f0unum \u00fear sem \u00feessi fleirtala var alla t\u00ed\u00f0 algeng. En \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1916 segir: \u201eHundru\u00f0ir \u00fe\u00fasunda hraustra ungra manna hafa falli\u00f0 \u00e1 v\u00edgvellinum fyrir \u00de\u00fdzkaland\u201c, og upp \u00far \u00fev\u00ed s\u00e9st sl\u00e6\u00f0ingur af d\u00e6mum um \u00feessa fleirt\u00f6lu \u00ed \u00edslenskum bl\u00f6\u00f0um \u00fe\u00f3tt h\u00fan ver\u00f0i aldrei mj\u00f6g algeng \u00e1 prenti enda l\u00f6ngum amast vi\u00f0 henni. Elsta d\u00e6mi sem \u00e9g finn um athugasemd vi\u00f0 hana er \u00ed Einingu<\/em> 1954 \u00fear sem vitna\u00f0<\/a> er \u00ed erindi Magn\u00fasar Finnbogasonar menntask\u00f3lakennara sem sag\u00f0i: \u201eEkki hundru\u00f0ir \u2013 heldur hundru\u00f0<\/em>.\u201c Fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg \u00f6nnur d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 finna, t.d. fjalla\u00f0i G\u00edsli J\u00f3nsson margsinnis um hundru\u00f0ir<\/em> \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Varla leikur vafi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kvenkynsfleirtalan hundru\u00f0ir <\/em>hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 til fyrir \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 kvenkynsfleirt\u00f6lunni \u00fe\u00fasundir<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i e.t.v. m\u00e1tt b\u00faast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 myndin yr\u00f0i hundra<\/strong>\u00f0ir<\/em>, \u00fe.e. eintalan hundra\u00f0 <\/em>v\u00e6ri tekin og b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 hana fleirt\u00f6luendingu kvenkyns, -ir<\/em>. Vissulega m\u00e1 finna f\u00e1ein d\u00e6mi um hundra<\/strong>\u00f0ir<\/em> og \u00de\u00f3runn Gu\u00f0mundsd\u00f3ttir sag\u00f0i<\/a> t.d. \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1989: \u201eStundum hefi \u00e9g heyrt menn segja; \u201ehundra\u00f0ir\u201c \u00ed \u00fatvarpi. Seinast Bjarna Felixson \u00ed g\u00e6r. \u00c6tti \u00fe\u00e1 eintalan a\u00f0 vera einn \u201ehundru\u00f0ur\u201c samkv\u00e6mt \u00fev\u00ed.\u201c En venjulega er \u00fe\u00f3 fleirt\u00f6luendingu kvenkyns, -ir<\/em>, b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 fleirt\u00f6lumynd hvorugkyns, hundru<\/strong>\u00f0<\/em>. \u00dev\u00ed m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 fleirtalan s\u00e9 t\u00e1knu\u00f0 \u00e1 tvennan h\u00e1tt \u00ed hundru<\/strong>\u00f0ir<\/strong><\/em>, b\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0breytingunni a <\/em>> u<\/em> og me\u00f0 endingunni -ir<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessu sambandi m\u00e1 benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 <\/em>er aldrei nota\u00f0 \u00ed kvenkyni \u00ed eint\u00f6lu (sem \u00e6tti \u00fe\u00e1 v\u00e6ntanlega a\u00f0 vera hundru<\/strong>\u00f0<\/em>) \u2013 aldrei sagt *ein hundru\u00f0<\/em>. Sama m\u00e1li gegnir raunar me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fasund<\/em> \u2013 andst\u00e6tt \u00fev\u00ed sem segir<\/a> \u00e1 V\u00edsindavefnum <\/em>er kvenkyn \u00feess or\u00f0s varla til nema \u00ed fleirt\u00f6lu eins og M\u00e1lfarsbankinn<\/em> bendir<\/a> \u00e1. \u00cd lesendabr\u00e9fi \u00ed Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubla\u00f0inu <\/em>1940 var \u00fe\u00f3 spurt<\/a>: \u201eHvort er r\u00e9ttara, a\u00f0 segja eitt \u00fe\u00fasund e\u00f0a ein \u00fe\u00fasund, eins og t. d. Helgi Hj\u00f6rvar gerir?\u201c Hannes \u00e1 horninu svara\u00f0i: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 mun r\u00e9ttara a\u00f0 segja ein \u00fe\u00fasund, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fasund er kvenkyns. \u00dea\u00f0 er v\u00edst yfirleitt \u00f3h\u00e6tt a\u00f0 rei\u00f0a sig \u00e1 \u00edslenzkuna hans Hj\u00f6rvars.\u201c \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 v\u00e6ntanlega e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 l\u00edta svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 spurningin sn\u00faist um kyn or\u00f0sins fremur en hvort e\u00f0lilegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 nota kvenkyni\u00f0 \u00ed eint\u00f6lu.<\/p>\n

En fleira er s\u00e9rstakt um or\u00f0i\u00f0 hundra\u00f0<\/em>. \u00cd M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em>segir<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 hundra\u00f0<\/strong> er \u00fdmist nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed hvorugkyni (hundra\u00f0 manna; \u00e9g m\u00e6tti hundru\u00f0um manna \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni<\/em>) e\u00f0a \u00f3beygjanlegt l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0 (hundra\u00f0 manns; hundra\u00f0 menn; \u00e9g m\u00e6tti hundra\u00f0 m\u00f6nnum \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni<\/em>).\u201c \u00deetta samr\u00e6mist \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt er<\/a> a\u00f0 nota manns<\/em> me\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 <\/em>en yfirleitt er eing\u00f6ngu h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota manns<\/em> me\u00f0 \u00f3beygjanlegum t\u00f6lum (\u00e1tta<\/em>, t\u00f3lf<\/em>, tuttugu<\/em> o.s.frv.) og t\u00f6lum sem l\u00edta \u00fat fyrir a\u00f0 vera \u00f3beygjanlegar (\u00fe\u00fasund<\/em>) e\u00f0a eru haf\u00f0ar \u00f3beyg\u00f0ar (millj\u00f3n<\/em>). En hundra\u00f0<\/em> er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00f3beygjanlegt me\u00f0 \u00f6llu \u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0u l\u00fdsingaror\u00f0s \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 fallbeygist ekki beygist \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed t\u00f6lu, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sagt er \u00e9g m\u00e6tti tv\u00f6 hundru<\/strong>\u00f0 m\u00f6nnum \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni<\/em>, alls ekki *tv\u00f6 hundra<\/strong>\u00f0 m\u00f6nnum<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Heg\u00f0un talna og t\u00f6luor\u00f0a er um margt s\u00e9rst\u00f6k og fl\u00f3kin, eins og \u00e9g hef t.d. n\u00fdlega skrifa\u00f0<\/a> um \u00ed sambandi vi\u00f0 n\u00famer<\/em> \u2013 stundum beygjast t\u00f6lur ekki \u00fe\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 b\u00faast \u00fat fr\u00e1 setningarlegri st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00feeirra. En h\u00e9r er ekki vettvangur til a\u00f0 gera \u00fev\u00ed efni \u00edtarleg skil, og hva\u00f0 sem \u00fev\u00ed l\u00ed\u00f0ur er m\u00e1l til komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka fleirt\u00f6luna hundru\u00f0ir <\/em>\u00ed s\u00e1tt. H\u00fan er e\u00f0lileg hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0a vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fasundir<\/em>, \u00e1 s\u00e9r meira en hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra s\u00f6gu \u00ed m\u00e1linu, er mj\u00f6g algeng, og hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 f\u00f3tfestu \u00ed formlegu m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i eins og sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 af t\u00ed\u00f0ni hennar \u00ed prentu\u00f0um dagbl\u00f6\u00f0um. H\u00fan fulln\u00e6gir \u00f6llum skilyr\u00f0um<\/a> sem e\u00f0lilegt er a\u00f0 setja fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 teljast m\u00e1lvenja og \u00fear me\u00f0 eru engar forsendur eru til annars en telja hana r\u00e9tt og e\u00f0lilegt m\u00e1l.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Or\u00f0in hundra\u00f0 og \u00fe\u00fasund eru oft spyrt saman sem von er vegna merkingarlegrar hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0u, en \u00e1 \u00feeim er einn grundvallarmunur \u2013 \u00fe\u00fasund var \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li til sem b\u00e6\u00f0i kvenkynsor\u00f0 og hvorugkynsor\u00f0 og hvort tveggja er fullkomlega vi\u00f0urkennt \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1li, en hundra\u00f0 er a\u00f0eins vi\u00f0urkennt sem hvorugkynsor\u00f0. \u00cd kverinu G\u00e6tum tungunnar segir t.d.: \u201eS\u00e9st […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5111"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5112,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5111\/revisions\/5112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}