{"id":5460,"date":"2023-09-14T16:56:53","date_gmt":"2023-09-14T16:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5460"},"modified":"2023-09-14T16:56:53","modified_gmt":"2023-09-14T16:56:53","slug":"karllaegni-ordaboka-og-gervigreindartexta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/09\/14\/karllaegni-ordaboka-og-gervigreindartexta\/","title":{"rendered":"Karll\u00e6gni or\u00f0ab\u00f3ka og gervigreindartexta"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd V\u00edsi <\/em>\u00ed dag er \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 fr\u00e9tt<\/a> af umr\u00e6\u00f0um um karll\u00e6gni \u00edslenskunnar \u00e1 opunarvi\u00f0bur\u00f0i<\/a> Ungra athafnakvenna um daginn. \u00dear er haft eftir Mar\u00edu Gu\u00f0j\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttur formanni f\u00e9lagsins: \u201e\u00deegar or\u00f0i\u00f0 athafnama\u00f0ur<\/a> er sko\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00ed or\u00f0aneti \u00c1rnastofnunar<\/a> koma upp fullt af or\u00f0um til a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 athafnama\u00f0ur er.\u201c Sem d\u00e6mi um \u00feessi or\u00f0 eru nefnd forstj\u00f3ri<\/em>, fj\u00e1rfestir<\/em>, r\u00e1\u00f0herra<\/em>, kv\u00f3tak\u00f3ngur<\/em>, brautry\u00f0jandi<\/em>, vi\u00f0skiptama\u00f0ur<\/em>, bankastj\u00f3ri<\/em>, \u00feingma\u00f0ur<\/em>, \u00fatger\u00f0arma\u00f0ur<\/em> og mj\u00f6g m\u00f6rg \u00f6nnur or\u00f0. Og Mar\u00eda b\u00e6tir vi\u00f0: \u201eEn \u00feegar or\u00f0i\u00f0 athafnakona<\/a> er sko\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00ed or\u00f0anetinu, koma upp fimm or\u00f0: Framtakssemi, umbrotama\u00f0ur, athafnama\u00f0ur, umsvifama\u00f0ur og ums\u00fdsluma\u00f0ur\u201c sem eru \u201eau\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki l\u00fdsandi fyrir or\u00f0i\u00f0 athafnakona \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmasamf\u00e9lagi a\u00f0 s\u00f6gn Mar\u00edu.\u201c<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r er komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 eil\u00edfum vanda h\u00f6funda og ritstj\u00f3ra or\u00f0ab\u00f3ka. Or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur eru yfirleitt l\u00fdsandi \u2013 \u00fe\u00e6r endurspegla m\u00e1li\u00f0 eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim heimildum sem liggja til grundvallar. \u00de\u00e6r heimildir eru yfirleitt a\u00f0 megninu til prenta\u00f0ir textar, og fram undir \u00feetta hafa karlmenn skrifa\u00f0 meginhluta \u00feess sem hefur birst \u00e1 prenti \u2013 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og v\u00ed\u00f0ast hvar. \u00deessir textar eru ekki bara skrifa\u00f0ir af k\u00f6rlum, fr\u00e1 sj\u00f3narhorni karla \u2013 \u00feeir fjalla l\u00edka a\u00f0 verulegu leyti um karla. Vissulega hefur \u00feetta breyst t\u00f6luvert \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum, og vissulega n\u00fdta or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur einnig heimildir \u00far t\u00f6lu\u00f0u m\u00e1li. En \u00fea\u00f0 breytir \u00fev\u00ed ekki a\u00f0 n\u00e1nast \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegt er a\u00f0 l\u00fdsandi or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur hafi karlaslags\u00ed\u00f0u \u2013 ekki vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ritstj\u00f3rnarstefna, heldur vegna efnivi\u00f0arins.<\/p>\n

L\u00fdsandi or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur eru \u00feannig yfirleitt \u00edhaldssamar \u00ed e\u00f0li s\u00ednu \u2013 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda r\u00edkjandi vi\u00f0horfi og gildum. En \u00ed sumum tilvikum eru or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur ekki eing\u00f6ngu l\u00fdsandi, byggjast ekki eing\u00f6ngu \u00e1 m\u00e1lnotkun \u00ed \u00feeim textum sem liggja a\u00f0 baki, heldur er \u00fear a\u00f0 einhverju leyti beitt me\u00f0vita\u00f0ri st\u00fdringu, bygg\u00f0ri \u00e1 einhverri hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i. \u00cdslenskar or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur eru yfirleitt mestanpart l\u00fdsandi en \u00fe\u00f3 m\u00e1 \u00fear finna d\u00e6mi um m\u00e1lst\u00fdringu. \u00cd fyrstu tveim \u00fatg\u00e1fum \u00cdslenskrar or\u00f0ab\u00f3kar<\/em>, fr\u00e1 1963 og 1982, eru t.d. \u00fdmis or\u00f0 sem \u00feykja \u201evafas\u00f6m\u201c af einhverjum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um merkt me\u00f0 spurningarmerki sem t\u00e1knar \u201evont m\u00e1l, or\u00f0 e\u00f0a merking sem for\u00f0ast ber \u00ed \u00edslensku\u201c. \u00deetta hefur hins vegar veri\u00f0 milda\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00fdjustu \u00fatg\u00e1funni, fr\u00e1 2002.<\/p>\n

Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 felst l\u00edka (dulin og jafnvel \u00f3me\u00f0vitu\u00f0) m\u00e1lst\u00fdring \u00ed vali \u00feeirra or\u00f0a sem rata inn \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur. \u00c1 seinustu \u00e1rum hafa a\u00f0 v\u00edsu or\u00f0i\u00f0 til margv\u00edsleg g\u00f6gn, t.d. \u00a0t\u00ed\u00f0niuppl\u00fdsingar, sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 byggja or\u00f0aval \u00e1 a\u00f0 einhverju leyti. En samt er \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegt a\u00f0 hugl\u00e6gt mat ritstj\u00f3ra r\u00e1\u00f0i \u00fear einhverju, og \u00fea\u00f0 hugl\u00e6ga mat byggist m.a. \u00e1 me\u00f0vitu\u00f0um og \u00f3me\u00f0vitu\u00f0um hugmyndum og vi\u00f0horfum. \u00c1 t.d. a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra or\u00f0 sem finnast \u00ed (eldri) textum en \u00feykja n\u00fa \u00f3vi\u00f0urkv\u00e6mileg \u2013 or\u00f0 eins og kynvillingur<\/em>, negri<\/em>, f\u00e1viti<\/em> og \u00f6nnur sl\u00edk? E\u00f0a \u00e1 a\u00f0 sleppa \u00feeim? \u00c1 a\u00f0 taka me\u00f0 n\u00fd or\u00f0 sem ekki hafa unni\u00f0 s\u00e9r mikla hef\u00f0 en skipta m\u00e1li fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0na h\u00f3pa \u2013 or\u00f0 eins og kv\u00e1r<\/em>, st\u00e1lp<\/em>, leghafi<\/em> og \u00f6nnur sl\u00edk? Um \u00feetta m\u00e1 deila \u2013 og er deilt.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00e1\u00f0urnefndu vi\u00f0tali segir forma\u00f0ur Ungra athafnakvenna: \u201eVi\u00f0 viljum skora \u00e1 \u00c1rnastofnun a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0ast \u00ed breytingar en \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert meint \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi en g\u00f3\u00f0f\u00faslega. \u00dev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00f6ll \u00fer\u00f3un og umb\u00e6tur byggir svol\u00edti\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um \u00f6ll a\u00f0 hj\u00e1lpast a\u00f0 og \u00fea\u00f0 er okkar vi\u00f0horf hj\u00e1 UAK; a\u00f0 benda \u00c1rnastofnun \u00e1 a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta \u00far \u00ed or\u00f0anetinu eins og til d\u00e6mis var\u00f0andi l\u00fdsingu \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 athafnakona stendur fyrir.\u201c \u00dearna er sem s\u00e9 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 bi\u00f0ja um st\u00fdringu \u2013 bi\u00f0ja um a\u00f0 l\u00fdsingu or\u00f0sins athafnakona <\/em>(e\u00f0a \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki tengdum or\u00f0um) \u00ed \u00cdslensku or\u00f0aneti <\/em>ver\u00f0i breytt handvirkt, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r breytingar eigi s\u00e9r ekki sto\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim textum sem or\u00f0aneti\u00f0 byggir \u00e1. \u00deetta er \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r mj\u00f6g skiljanleg \u00f3sk, en ekki lj\u00f3st hvort og hvernig eigi a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a vi\u00f0 henni.<\/p>\n

En \u00feessi vandi er ekki bundinn vi\u00f0 or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur. \u00cd fyrra var t.d. t\u00f6luvert fjalla\u00f0 um kynjahalla \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingum Google Translate<\/a> \u00e1 \u00edslensku og \u00fear var \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an hin sama \u2013 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingarv\u00e9lin byggir \u00e1 textum og \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingum sem h\u00fan hefur a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 og s\u00e1 kynjahalli sem \u00fear er endurspeglast \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingunum. Sami vandi kemur upp, eiginlega \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0ru veldi, n\u00fa \u00e1 t\u00edmum gervigreindar. Gervigreindin vinnur \u00far \u00feeim textum sem a\u00f0gengilegir eru, og \u00feeir eru sama marki brenndir og textarnir sem or\u00f0ab\u00e6kur byggjast \u00e1 \u2013 \u00feeir eru a\u00f0 meirihluta skrifa\u00f0ir af k\u00f6rlum, um karla. Ef ekkert er a\u00f0 gert ganga \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0horf og vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 karlanna aftur \u00ed \u00feeim textum sem gervigreindin semur. \u00deetta er \u00feekkt og miki\u00f0 r\u00e6tt vandam\u00e1l sem ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 leysa \u2013 en \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki au\u00f0velt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd V\u00edsi \u00ed dag er \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 fr\u00e9tt af umr\u00e6\u00f0um um karll\u00e6gni \u00edslenskunnar \u00e1 opunarvi\u00f0bur\u00f0i Ungra athafnakvenna um daginn. \u00dear er haft eftir Mar\u00edu Gu\u00f0j\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttur formanni f\u00e9lagsins: \u201e\u00deegar or\u00f0i\u00f0 athafnama\u00f0ur er sko\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00ed or\u00f0aneti \u00c1rnastofnunar koma upp fullt af or\u00f0um til a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 athafnama\u00f0ur er.\u201c Sem d\u00e6mi um \u00feessi or\u00f0 eru nefnd forstj\u00f3ri, fj\u00e1rfestir, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5460"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5460\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5461,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5460\/revisions\/5461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}