{"id":5515,"date":"2023-09-25T11:26:36","date_gmt":"2023-09-25T11:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5515"},"modified":"2023-09-25T11:29:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T11:29:02","slug":"i-nafni-guds-fodurs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/09\/25\/i-nafni-guds-fodurs\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cd nafni gu\u00f0s f\u00f6\u00f0urs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r lenti \u00e9g \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 netinu um eignarfalli\u00f0 <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong> <\/em>sem m\u00e1lshefjandi haf\u00f0i s\u00e9\u00f0 \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu og hneyksla\u00f0ist \u00e1. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin fur\u00f0a \u2013 \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenzkri m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/em> Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar, sem vi\u00f0 sem erum komin yfir mi\u00f0jan aldur l\u00e6r\u00f0um flest (og m\u00f6rg yngri) segir: \u201eAlgengt er a\u00f0 menn beygi \u00feessi or\u00f0 skakkt. Or\u00f0in <em>fa\u00f0ir<\/em> og <em>br\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/em> heita \u00fe\u00e1 oft \u00ed ef.et. <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs<\/em>, <em>br\u00f3\u00f0urs<\/em>, me\u00f0 greini <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ursins<\/em>, <em>br\u00f3\u00f0ursins<\/em>.\u201c \u00cd <em>M\u00e1lfarsbankanum <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/malfar.arnastofnun.is\/grein\/66023\">segir<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 <strong>fa\u00f0ir<\/strong> er eitt f\u00e1rra or\u00f0a \u00ed s\u00ednum beygingarflokki. \u00dea\u00f0 veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 f\u00f3lki h\u00e6ttir frekar til a\u00f0 beygja \u00fea\u00f0 ranglega. Eignarfall eint\u00f6lu er t.d. ekki \u201ef\u00f6\u00f0urs\u201c, me\u00f0 greini \u201ef\u00f6\u00f0ursins\u201c, eins og halda m\u00e6tti \u00fat fr\u00e1 algengustu beygingarflokkunum heldur <strong>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<\/strong>, me\u00f0 greini <strong>f\u00f6\u00f0urins<\/strong>. <em>\u00cd nafni f\u00f6\u00f0urins, sonarins og heilags anda.<\/em>\u201c<\/p>\n<p>En eignarfalli\u00f0 <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong><\/em> hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast lengi, og \u00ed safni norr\u00e6nu fornm\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3karinnar, <em>Ordbog over det norr\u00f8ne prosasprog<\/em>, eru <a href=\"https:\/\/onp.ku.dk\/onp\/onp.php?o18938\">fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi<\/a> um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00far fornu m\u00e1li. \u00cd fyrstu b\u00f3k sem prentu\u00f0 var \u00e1 \u00edslensku, <em>N\u00fdja testamentinu <\/em>\u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu Odds Gottsk\u00e1lkssonar fr\u00e1 1540, mun eignarfall eint\u00f6lu \u201et\u00ed\u00f0ast enda \u00e1 -(u)rs\u201c a\u00f0 s\u00f6gn J\u00f3ns Helgasonar. \u00cd m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i J\u00f3ns Magn\u00fassonar fr\u00e1 fyrri hluta 18. aldar er eignarfall eint\u00f6lu sagt \u00fdmist <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<\/em> e\u00f0a <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs<\/em>. M\u00e1lv\u00f6ndunarma\u00f0urinn Halld\u00f3r Kr. Fri\u00f0riksson segir \u00ed <em>\u00cdslenzkri m\u00e1lmyndal\u00fdsingu<\/em> 1861: \u201e\u00deegar greinirinn er skeyttur aftan vi\u00f0 <em>fa\u00f0ir<\/em>, ver\u00f0ur eig.eint. <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ursins<\/em>\u201c, og \u00ed <em>Islandsk Grammatik<\/em> Valt\u00fds Gu\u00f0mundssonar fr\u00e1 1922 er myndin <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs <\/em>gefin en sagt a\u00f0 h\u00fan \u201ebruges kun (og altid)\u201c \u00feegar greini er b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0, <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs-ins<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>\u00cdslensk-danskri or\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>fr\u00e1 1920-1924 <a href=\"https:\/\/blondal.arnastofnun.is\/faersla\/226552\">segir<\/a> a\u00f0 eignarfall or\u00f0sins <em>fa\u00f0ir<\/em> s\u00e9 \u201ef\u00f6\u00f0ur el. (pop.) f\u00f6\u00f0urs\u201c \u2013 \u201epop.\u201c merkir 'al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0um\u00e1l'. \u00cd b\u00f3kinni <em>Um \u00edslenskar or\u00f0myndir \u00e1 14. og 15. \u00f6ld<\/em> eftir Bj\u00f6rn K. \u00de\u00f3r\u00f3lfsson fr\u00e1 1925 segir a\u00f0 eignarfallsmyndin <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs <\/em>\u201eheyrist oft \u00ed n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0ar talm\u00e1li\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 eignarfalli\u00f0 <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong> <\/em>hefur t\u00ed\u00f0kast \u00ed margar aldir og jafvel veri\u00f0 hin venjulega eignarfallsmynd vel fram \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld. \u00dea\u00f0 eru varla miki\u00f0 meira en hundra\u00f0 \u00e1r s\u00ed\u00f0an fari\u00f0 var a\u00f0 hrekja hana skipulega \u00far m\u00e1linu \u2013 sem t\u00f3kst \u00fe\u00f3 ekki. Eins og sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00e1 <em>t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> hefur alltaf veri\u00f0 t\u00f6luvert af d\u00e6mum um hana, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 textar \u00fear s\u00e9u flestir pr\u00f3farkalesnir. \u00dear eru um <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/?q=f%C3%B6%C3%B0urs&amp;size=100&amp;sort=date&amp;isAdvanced=false\">1400 d\u00e6mi<\/a> um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs <\/em>en t\u00e6p <a href=\"https:\/\/timarit.is\/?q=f%C3%B6%C3%B0ursins&amp;size=100&amp;sort=date&amp;isAdvanced=false\">tv\u00f6 \u00fe\u00fasund<\/a> um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong>ins<\/em> (\u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00e1tta \u00fe\u00fasund um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urins<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd <em>Risam\u00e1lheildinni <\/em>eru yfir 1300 d\u00e6mi um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong> <\/em>og h\u00e1tt \u00e1 \u00e1ttunda hundra\u00f0 um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong>ins<\/em> (\u00e1 m\u00f3ti t\u00e6plega \u00ferj\u00fa \u00fe\u00fasund um <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urins<\/em>). M\u00f6rg \u00feessara d\u00e6ma eru \u00far formlegu m\u00e1lsni\u00f0i. \u00deetta s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 eignarfallsmyndir me\u00f0 <em>-s<\/em> lifa g\u00f3\u00f0u l\u00edfi enn, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 reynt hafi veri\u00f0 \u00ed meira en \u00f6ld a\u00f0 kve\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r ni\u00f0ur. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin fur\u00f0a. N\u00e6r \u00f6ll sterk karlkynsor\u00f0 (\u00fe.e., sem enda \u00e1 samhlj\u00f3\u00f0i \u00ed nefnifalli eint\u00f6lu) f\u00e1 endingu \u00ed eignarfalli eint\u00f6lu, oftast <em>-s<\/em> en stundum <em>-ar<\/em>. Undantekningar eru or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 tv\u00f6f\u00f6ldu <em>s<\/em>, eins og <em>foss<\/em>, og or\u00f0 sem enda \u00e1 samhlj\u00f3\u00f0i + <em>s<\/em>, eins og <em>dans<\/em> (\u00fear er af hlj\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta vi\u00f0 auka <em>s<\/em>-i en sum sl\u00edk or\u00f0 hafa reyndar <a href=\"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2020\/02\/22\/til-selfossar\/\">tilhneigingu<\/a> til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 <em>-ar<\/em>-endingu, eins og <em>Selfoss<\/em>) \u2013 og svo or\u00f0in <em>fa\u00f0ir<\/em> og <em>br\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Myndir eins og <em>f\u00f6\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong> <\/em>og <em>br\u00f3\u00f0ur<strong>s<\/strong> <\/em>(og einnig <em>Selfoss<strong>ar<\/strong><\/em> og <em>Bl\u00f6ndu\u00f3s<strong>ar<\/strong> <\/em>og fleiri sl\u00edkar) eru \u00fev\u00ed ekki einhverjar tilviljanakenndar og \u00f3skiljanlegar \u201evillur\u201c sem beri vott um vankunn\u00e1ttu \u00feeirra sem nota \u00fe\u00e6r. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti s\u00fdna \u00fe\u00e6r \u00feekkingu m\u00e1lnotenda \u00e1 kerfinu og tilfinningu fyrir \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 s\u00fdna a\u00f0 m\u00e1lnotendum finnst eitthva\u00f0 vanta ef engin ending er \u00ed eignarfalli. Vi\u00f0 \u00e6ttum vitanlega a\u00f0 fagna \u00feessu \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 kalla \u00feessar myndir \u201erangar\u201c og lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta \u00feau sem nota \u00fe\u00e6r. Kerfi\u00f0 er nefnilega miklu mikilv\u00e6gara en einstaka undantekningar fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. \u00deegar vi\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 myndin <em>f\u00f6\u00f0urs<\/em> kemur fyrir \u00feegar \u00ed fornu m\u00e1li, var miki\u00f0 notu\u00f0 og sennilega a\u00f0almynd or\u00f0sins \u00ed margar aldir og allt fram \u00e1 20. \u00f6ld, og er enn\u00fe\u00e1 mj\u00f6g algeng, er algerlega fr\u00e1leitt a\u00f0 kalla hana \u201eranga\u201c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd g\u00e6r lenti \u00e9g \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 netinu um eignarfalli\u00f0 f\u00f6\u00f0urs sem m\u00e1lshefjandi haf\u00f0i s\u00e9\u00f0 \u00ed augl\u00fdsingu og hneyksla\u00f0ist \u00e1. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin fur\u00f0a \u2013 \u00ed \u00cdslenzkri m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i Bj\u00f6rns Gu\u00f0finnssonar, sem vi\u00f0 sem erum komin yfir mi\u00f0jan aldur l\u00e6r\u00f0um flest (og m\u00f6rg yngri) segir: \u201eAlgengt er a\u00f0 menn beygi \u00feessi or\u00f0 skakkt. Or\u00f0in fa\u00f0ir og [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5515"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5517,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515\/revisions\/5517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}