{"id":5521,"date":"2023-09-26T14:51:29","date_gmt":"2023-09-26T14:51:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/?p=5521"},"modified":"2023-09-26T14:51:29","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T14:51:29","slug":"akreinar-adreinar-afreinar-frareinar-og-akgreinar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/2023\/09\/26\/akreinar-adreinar-afreinar-frareinar-og-akgreinar\/","title":{"rendered":"Akreinar, a\u00f0reinar, afreinar, fr\u00e1reinar \u2013 og akgreinar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd dag var h\u00e9r spurt um or\u00f0i\u00f0 akg<\/strong>rein <\/em>\u2013 hvort fr\u00e1leitt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 nota \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir akrein<\/em>. \u00de\u00f3tt fyrrnefnda or\u00f0myndin s\u00e9 nokku\u00f0 algeng er hana ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum en akrein <\/em>er hin vi\u00f0urkennda mynd og sk\u00fdr\u00f0<\/a> 's\u00e1 hluti akbrautar (tv\u00ed- e\u00f0a fleirskiptrar) \u00fear sem er eki\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0na \u00e1tt' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er samsett \u00far stofni sagnarinnar aka<\/em> og nafnor\u00f0inu rein<\/em> sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'sk\u00e1k, mj\u00f3 r\u00e6ma lands' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k <\/em>en er frekar sjaldg\u00e6ft eitt og s\u00e9r. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er ekki \u00fdkja gamalt \u00ed m\u00e1linu \u2013 Halld\u00f3r Halld\u00f3rsson pr\u00f3fessor segir<\/a> \u00ed DV <\/em>1995 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00e1 sj\u00f6tta \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar og h\u00f6fundur \u00feess s\u00e9 Einar B. P\u00e1lsson pr\u00f3fessor. \u201e\u00deetta or\u00f0 vann s\u00e9r flj\u00f3tt fastan sess \u00ed m\u00e1linu, enda \u00fej\u00e1lt \u00ed munni\u201c segir Halld\u00f3r.<\/p>\n

\u00c1ri\u00f0 1958 kom or\u00f0i\u00f0 inn \u00ed umfer\u00f0al\u00f6g (nr. 26\/1958) og var\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed flj\u00f3tt algengt. Elstu d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is<\/em> eru fr\u00e1 sama \u00e1ri \u2013 \u201eEitt n\u00fdyr\u00f0anna \u00ed umfer\u00f0arl\u00f6ggj\u00f6finni n\u00fdju er or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201eakreinar\u201c segir t.d. \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em>. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er skilgreint \u00ed or\u00f0sk\u00fdringagrein laganna \u00fear sem segir<\/a>: \u201e\u00cd l\u00f6gum \u00feessum merkir: [\u2026] Akreinar<\/em>: Samhli\u00f0a reinar, sem skipta m\u00e1 akbraut \u00ed a\u00f0 endil\u00f6ngu, h\u00e6filega brei\u00f0ar, hver um sig, fyrir eina r\u00f6\u00f0 \u00f6kut\u00e6kja.\u201c Um svipa\u00f0 leyti var fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00e1la akreinamerkingar \u00e1 g\u00f6tur sem stu\u00f0la\u00f0i a\u00f0 aukinni notkun or\u00f0sins: \u201eUmfer\u00f0arnefnd Reykjav\u00edkur hefur undanfari\u00f0 l\u00e1ti\u00f0 m\u00e1la akreinar \u00e1 nokkur gatnam\u00f3t, sem mikla umfer\u00f0 hafa, \u00ed \u00feeim tilgangi a\u00f0 auka afk\u00f6st gatnam\u00f3tanna og gera umfer\u00f0 um \u00feau grei\u00f0ari\u201c segir \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>1958.<\/p>\n

Notkun or\u00f0sins akrein <\/em>j\u00f3kst \u00fev\u00ed mj\u00f6g upp \u00far \u00feessu, en flj\u00f3tlega f\u00f3r \u00fea\u00f0 einnig a\u00f0 sj\u00e1st \u00ed myndinni akg<\/strong>rein<\/em> sem kemur fyrst fyrir 1960. \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 akrein, var fundi\u00f0 upp fyrir \u00e1ratugum, en \u00ed daglegu m\u00e1li vir\u00f0ist afmyndunin akgrein vera f\u00f3lki tamari\u201c segir<\/a> \u00ed \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljanum <\/em>1988, og \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu <\/em>2017 segir<\/a>: \u201eOr\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201eakgrein\u201c er svo sem skiljanlegt \u2013 \u00feeir sem nota \u00fea\u00f0 hugsa s\u00e9r a\u00f0 vegurinn greinist \u00ed \u201egreinar\u201c.\u201c \u00d6fugt vi\u00f0 grein <\/em>er or\u00f0i\u00f0 rein<\/em> mj\u00f6g sjaldg\u00e6ft og \u00feessi \u201eafmyndun\u201c or\u00f0sins \u00fev\u00ed e\u00f0lileg \u2013 \u00feetta er al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0usk\u00fdring \u00fear sem leita\u00f0 er a\u00f0 tengingu vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur or\u00f0, eins og \u00ed rei\u00f0brennandi<\/em><\/a>, afbrig\u00f0isemi<\/a> <\/em>o.fl. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00e6tist a\u00f0 \u00ed e\u00f0lilegum frambur\u00f0i hlj\u00f3ma akrein <\/em>og akg<\/strong>rein <\/em>alveg eins \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fearf a\u00f0 sl\u00edta or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed sundur til a\u00f0 munur komi fram.<\/p>\n

Myndin akg<\/strong>rein<\/em> hefur veri\u00f0 t\u00f6luvert notu\u00f0 n\u00e6stum jafnlengi og akrein <\/em>\u2013 um hana eru 439 d\u00e6mi \u00e1 t\u00edmarit.is <\/em>og 715 \u00ed Risam\u00e1lheildinni<\/em>, en d\u00e6min um akrein <\/em>eru samt u.\u00fe.b. 20 sinnum fleiri. \u00dea\u00f0 er athyglisvert a\u00f0 algengt er a\u00f0 b\u00e1\u00f0ar myndirnar komi fyrir \u00ed sama texta \u2013 \u201eTil \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00f6guleiki s\u00e9 \u00e1 a\u00f0 telja veg e\u00f0a vegarspotta hra\u00f0braut, er l\u00e1gmarki\u00f0 a\u00f0 akbrautin s\u00e9 3 akgreinar \u00fe.e.a.s. ein akrein s\u00edn \u00ed hvora \u00e1ttina og s\u00fa \u00feri\u00f0ja fyrir fram\u00farakstur\u201c segir t.d. \u00ed Lesb\u00f3k Morgunbla\u00f0sins <\/em>1974. \u00de\u00f3tt vel megi segja a\u00f0 myndin akgrein <\/em>hafi unni\u00f0 s\u00e9r hef\u00f0 vegna aldurs og t\u00ed\u00f0ni er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 akrein <\/em>er \u00ed\u00f0or\u00f0<\/a> sem hefur skilgreinda merkingu \u00ed l\u00f6gum og \u00feess vegna getur veri\u00f0 \u00f3heppilegt a\u00f0 nota a\u00f0ra mynd af \u00fev\u00ed \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tt misskilningur s\u00e9 \u00f3l\u00edklegur.<\/p>\n

En -rein <\/em>kemur fyrir \u00ed fleiri skyldum or\u00f0um. \u00cd umfer\u00f0arl\u00f6gum sem t\u00f3ku gildi 1988 (nr. 50\/1987) komu inn or\u00f0in a\u00f0rein <\/em>sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'akrein sem liggur \u00ed sveig inn \u00e1 akbraut' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri n\u00fat\u00edmam\u00e1lsor\u00f0ab\u00f3k<\/em> og afrein <\/em>sem er sk\u00fdrt<\/a> 'akrein sem beygir \u00fat af meginakbraut'. \u00deessi or\u00f0 voru reyndar gagnr\u00fdnd<\/a> fyrir a\u00f0 vera of l\u00edk enda mj\u00f6g oft l\u00edtill sem enginn frambur\u00f0armunur<\/a> \u00e1 a\u00f0 <\/em>og af<\/em>. Or\u00f0anefnd byggingarverkfr\u00e6\u00f0inga haf\u00f0i lagt til<\/a> a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0i\u00f0<\/a> fr\u00e1rein <\/em>(sem Halld\u00f3r Halld\u00f3rsson bj\u00f3 til<\/a>, eins og a\u00f0rein<\/em>) \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir afrein<\/em>, og \u00fea\u00f0 var gert me\u00f0 breytingu<\/a> \u00e1 umfer\u00f0al\u00f6gum 1993. Hugsanlegt er a\u00f0 \u00feessi or\u00f0 hafi styrkt myndina akrein <\/em>\u00ed sessi \u00e1 kostna\u00f0 myndarinnar akg<\/strong>rein<\/em> \u00fear sem \u00ed \u00feeim er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 seinni hlutinn er -rein<\/em>, ekki -grein<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd dag var h\u00e9r spurt um or\u00f0i\u00f0 akgrein \u2013 hvort fr\u00e1leitt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 nota \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0inn fyrir akrein. \u00de\u00f3tt fyrrnefnda or\u00f0myndin s\u00e9 nokku\u00f0 algeng er hana ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed or\u00f0ab\u00f3kum en akrein er hin vi\u00f0urkennda mynd og sk\u00fdr\u00f0 's\u00e1 hluti akbrautar (tv\u00ed- e\u00f0a fleirskiptrar) \u00fear sem er eki\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0na \u00e1tt' \u00ed \u00cdslenskri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158635],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-malfar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5521"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5522,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5521\/revisions\/5522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/eirikur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}